scholarly journals 4-Port MIMO Antenna with Defected Ground Structure for 5G Millimeter Wave Applications

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnoor Khalid ◽  
Syeda Iffat Naqvi ◽  
Niamat Hussain ◽  
MuhibUr Rahman ◽  
Fawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Feed Network ◽  
Element Array

We present a 4-port Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna array operating in the mm-wave band for 5G applications. An identical two-element array excited by the feed network based on a T-junction power combiner/divider is introduced in the reported paper. The array elements are rectangular-shaped slotted patch antennas, while the ground plane is made defected with rectangular, circular, and a zigzag-shaped slotted structure to enhance the radiation characteristics of the antenna. To validate the performance, the MIMO structure is fabricated and measured. The simulated and measured results are in good coherence. The proposed structure can operate in a 25.5–29.6 GHz frequency band supporting the impending mm-wave 5G applications. Moreover, the peak gain attained for the operating frequency band is 8.3 dBi. Additionally, to obtain high isolation between antenna elements, the polarization diversity is employed between the adjacent radiators, resulting in a low Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC). Other MIMO performance metrics such as the Channel Capacity Loss (CCL), Mean Effective Gain (MEG), and Diversity gain (DG) of the proposed structure are analyzed, and the results indicate the suitability of the design as a potential contender for imminent mm-wave 5G MIMO applications.

Compact super-wideband MIMO antenna with improved isolation for wireless communications

Frequenz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Singh ◽  
Santosh Kumar Mahto ◽  
Rashmi Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Isolation Technique ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Capacity Loss ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output

Abstract This paper presents a miniaturized dual-element Super-Wideband (SWB) Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna. The operation bandwidth is enhanced by 175% with a Bandwidth Dimension Ratio (BDR) of 6960, using a tapered microstrip line and employing an improved isolation technique. An inverted T-slot is used in the partial ground plane of the antenna. Isolation is increased up to 25 dB over the operating band (1.6–24.5 GHz) by using a pair of T-shaped stubs and a rectangular strip between them. A detailed analysis of the parameters Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Diversity Gain (DG), Mean Effective Gain (MEG), Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), isolation between the ports, and Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) is undertaken to investigate the performance of proposed SWB MIMO antenna. A prototype of the proposed design is developed by fabricating on the FR–4 (loss tangent 0.02) dielectric substrate of electrical dimension 0.18λ 0 × 0.14λ 0. The measured parameters are in good agreement with the simulated ones. The proposed antenna focusses on 2.4–2.483 GHz frequency band (Bluetooth) and 3.4–3.6 GHz frequency band with a center frequency of 3.5 GHz (as part of the sub 6 GHz 5G band).

A miniaturized UWB-MIMO antenna with quadruple band-notched characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 948-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wu ◽  
Yingqing Xia ◽  
Xia Cao ◽  
Zhengtao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Mimo System ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Uwb Applications

AbstractA simple multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with quad-band-notched characteristics for ultra-wideband (UWB) system is proposed and tested in the article. Based on two similar radiators, the UWB-MIMO system only occupies 22 mm × 28 mm. By etching an inverted L-like meander slot, two inverted L-shaped slots, and adding a C-shaped stub beside the feeding line, four notched bands are realized (3.25–3.6, 5.05–5.48, 5.6–6, and 7.8–8.4 GHz) to suppress interference from WiMAX, lower WLAN, upper WLAN, and uplink of X-band satellite communication system. With a T-like stub extruding from the ground plane, port isolation is effectively improved. The results show that the antenna covers 3.1–10.6 GHz UWB frequency band except four rejected bands and has high isolation of better than −20 dB over most of the frequency band. Moreover, envelope correlation coefficient and good radiation patterns also prove that the introduced antenna is suitable for UWB applications.

scholarly journals High-Isolation UWB MIMO Antenna with Multiple X-Shaped Stubs Loaded between Ground Planes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Minghuan Wang ◽  
Jingchang Nan ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
High Isolation ◽  
Input Multiple Output

A miniaturized ultra-wideband multiple-input multiple-output (UWB MIMO) two-port antenna with high isolation based on FR4 is designed in this article. The size of the antenna is only 18 × 28 × 1.6 mm3. The MIMO antenna consists of two identical antenna elements symmetrically placed on the same dielectric substrate in opposite directions. By loading three crossed X-shaped stubs between two unconnected ground planes, high isolation and good impedance matching are achieved. The working frequency band measured by this UWB MIMO antenna is 1.9–14 GHz, and the isolation is kept above 20.2 dB in the whole analysis frequency band. Good radiation characteristics as well as envelope correlation coefficient (ECC, <0.09), mean effective gain (MEG), and channel capacity loss (CCL) in the passband meet the requirements of the application, which can be applied to the UWB wireless communication system. To verify the applicability of the proposed method for enhancing the isolation between antenna elements, the two-port antenna structure was extended to a four-port antenna structure. In the case of loading the X-shaped stubs to connect to the ground plane, the isolation of the antenna is maintained above 15.5 dB within 1.7–14 GHz.

scholarly journals Integrated LTE and Millimeter-Wave 5G MIMO Antenna System for 4G/5G Wireless Terminals

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3926
Author(s):  
Syeda Iffat Naqvi ◽  
Niamat Hussain ◽  
Amjad Iqbal ◽  
MuhibUr Rahman ◽  
Masoud Forsat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Wave Frequency ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Field Correlation

This work demonstrates an integrated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna solution for Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Millimeter-Wave (mm-wave) 5G wireless communication services. The proposed structure is comprised of a two-element LTE MIMO antenna, and a four-element 5G MIMO configuration with rectangular and circular defects in the ground plane. For experimental validation, the proposed structure is fabricated on a Rogers RO4350B substrate with 0.76 mm thickness. The overall substrate dimensions are 75 mm × 110 mm. The proposed structure is capable of operating at 5.29–6.12 GHz (LTE 46 and 47 bands) and 26–29.5 GHz (5G mm-wave) frequency bands. Additionally, the measured peak gain of 5.13 and 9.53 dB is attained respectively for the microwave and mm-wave antennas. Furthermore, the analysis of the MIMO performance metrics demonstrates good characteristics, and excellent field correlation performance across the operating bands. Furthermore, the analysis of the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and Power Density (PD) at the lower frequency band (5.9 GHz) and PD only at mm-Wave frequency band (28 GHz) verifies that the proposed antenna system satisfies the international human safety standards. Therefore, the proposed integrated MIMO antenna configuration ascertains to be a potential contender for the forthcoming communication applications.

Quad-band hybrid DRA loaded MIMO antenna with DGS for isolation enhancement

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
G. Divya ◽  
K. Jagadeesh Babu ◽  
R. Madhu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Dielectric Resonator Antenna ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Rf Communication ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Satellite Applications ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract This article introduces a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) fed with a rhombic ring-shaped tapered feed for Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) applications. The proposed hybrid MIMO CDRA resonates at four frequency bands 2.5, 5.09, 6.8, and 9.0 GHz with isolation levels of 22, 34.22, 30.55, and 18.55 dB. Isolation enhancements are achieved by introducing “L” shaped slots on the partial ground plane. Parametric analysis is performed to validate the optimized dimensions of the tapered feed without and with DRA and defected ground structure. Diversity performance is examined by using envelope correlation coefficient and diversity gain. The proposed antenna operates in the S, C, and X-bands and is suitable for RF communication mobile broadband services, Wi-Fi, radar, and satellite applications. Good agreement is observed between simulated and measured results.

scholarly journals Infinity Shell Shaped MIMO Antenna Array for mm-Wave 5G Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Mian Muhammad Kamal ◽  
Shouyi Yang ◽  
Xin-cheng Ren ◽  
Ahsan Altaf ◽  
Saad Hassan Kiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Input Multiple Output

In this paper, a novel single layer Multiple Input–Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna for Fifth-Generation (5G) 28 GHz frequency band applications is proposed and investigated. The proposed MIMO antenna operates in the Ka-band, which is the most desirable frequency band for 5G mm-wave communication. The dielectric material is a Rogers-5880 with a relative permittivity, thickness and loss tangent of 2.2, 0.787 mm and 0.0009, respectively, in the proposed antenna design. The proposed MIMO configuration antenna element consists of triplet circular shaped rings surrounded by an infinity-shaped shell. The simulated gain achieved by the proposed design is 6.1 dBi, while the measured gain is 5.5 dBi. Furthermore, the measured and simulated antenna efficiency is 90% and 92%, respectively. One of the MIMO performance metrics—i.e., the Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC)—is also analyzed and found to be less than 0.16 for the entire operating bandwidth. The proposed MIMO design operates efficiently with a low ECC, better efficiency and a satisfactory gain, showing that the proposed design is a potential candidate for mm-wave communication.

A compact dual port UWB-MIMO/diversity antenna for indoor application

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonika Priyadarsini Biswal ◽  
Sushrut Das
Keyword(s):  
Mimo System ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Radiating Element ◽  
Input Multiple Output

A compact printed quadrant shaped monopole antenna is introduced in this paper as a good prospect for ultra wideband- multiple-input multiple-output (UWB-MIMO) system. The proposed MIMO antenna comprises two perpendicularly oriented monopoles to employ polarization diversity. An open circuit folded stub is extended from the ground plane of each radiating element to enhance the impedance bandwidth satisfying the UWB criteria. Two ‘L’ shaped slots are further etched on the radiator to provide good isolation performance between two radiators. The desirable radiator performances and diversity performances are ensured by simulation and/or measurement of the reflection coefficient, radiation pattern, realized peak gain, envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), diversity gain, mean effective gain (MEG) ratio and channel capacity loss (CCL). Results indicate that the proposed antenna exhibits 2.9–11 GHz 10 dB return loss bandwidth, mutual coupling <−20 dB, ECC < 0.003, MEG ratio ≈ 1, and CCL < 0.038 Bpsec/Hz, making it a good candidate for UWB and MIMO diversity application.

scholarly journals Mutual Coupling Reduction of DRA for MIMO Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
N. Al Shalaby ◽  
S. G. El-Sherbiny
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Coupling ◽  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Parasitic Element ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Element Method

In this paper, A multiple input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna using two Square Dielectric Resonators (SDRs) is introduced. The mutual coupling between the two SDRAs is reduced using two different methods; the first method is based on splitting a spiral slot in the ground plane, then filling the slot with dielectric material, "E.=2.2". The second method is based on inserting a copper parasitic element, having the same shape of the splitted Spiral, between the two SDRAs.  The effect of replacing the copper parasitic element with Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) parasitic element "SOC12 doped long-MWCNT BP" is also studied. The antenna system is designed to operate at 6 GHz. The analysis and simulations are carried out using finite element method (FEM). The defected ground plane method gives a maximum isolation of l8dB at element spacing of 30mm (0.6λo), whereas the parasitic element method gives a maximum isolation of 42.5dB at the same element spacing.

scholarly journals Minimization of Mutual Coupling Using Neutralization Line Technique for 2.4 GHz Wireless Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Noor Najwa Wan Marzudi ◽  
Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin ◽  
Siti Zarina Mohd Muji ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
Raed A. Abd-Alhameed
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Mutual Coupling ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Mimo Antennas ◽  
Wireless Applications ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Neutralization Line

This paper presented a planar printed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with a dimension of 100 x 45 mm2. It composed of two crescent shaped radiators placed symmetrically with respect to the ground plane. Neutralization line applied to suppress mutual coupling. The proposed antenna examined both theoretically and experimentally, which achieves an impedance bandwidth of 18.67% (over 2.04-2.46 GHz) with a reflection coefficient < -10 dB and mutual coupling minimization of < -20 dB. An evaluation of MIMO antennas is presented, with analysis of correlation coefficient, total active reflection coefficient (TARC), capacity loss and channel capacity. These characteristics indicate that the proposed antenna suitable for some wireless applications.

scholarly journals DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF COMPACT METAMATERIAL MIMO ANTENNA FOR WLAN APPLICATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Hoa Nguyen Thi Quynh ◽  
Sy Tuan Tran ◽  
Huu Lam Phan ◽  
Duy Tung Phan
Keyword(s):  
Ground Plane ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Complementary Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Antenna Performance ◽  
Multiple Input ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
The Individual

A compact three-port metamaterial multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna using complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) loaded ground have demonstrated in order to miniaturize the size and improve the antenna performance. The antenna is designed on FR4 material and simulated by HFSS software. By loading CSRRs in the ground plane, the size reduction of 77% of the individual patch antenna element is achieved, which appeared to be the major reason for the obtained the compact MIMO antenna. Furthermore, the simulated results show that the proposed MIMO antenna achieves the total gain higher than 5 dB, the isolation less than -11 dB, the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) value lower than 0.015, and the bandwidth of 100 MHz through the whole WLAN band from 2.4 GHz to 2.484 GHz, indicating promises for WLAN applications.

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