scholarly journals Chaotic Pattern Array for Single-Pixel Imaging

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongping Gan ◽  
Song Xiao ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Zhimin Zhang ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Compressive Imaging ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Random Patterns ◽  
Point Detector ◽  
Single Pixel ◽  
Time Resource

Single-pixel imaging (SPI) is an emerging framework that can capture the image of a scene via a single-point detector at a considerably low cost. It measures the projection at the detector of the scene under view with certain patterns. One can reconstruct the image of the scene via post-processing the measurements modulated by the patterns. However, the most commonly-used random patterns are not always desirable in many applications, especially for real-time, resource-limited occasions, due to their high memory requirement and huge cost in software and hardware implementation. In this paper, a chaotic pattern array is proposed for the SPI architecture. Compared with random patterns, the proposed chaotic pattern array can not only promise to increase the capabilities of the SPI device, but can also reduce the memory cost and complexity of hardware implementation in the meantime. Moreover, convincing experiment results are given to illustrate that the proposed pattern array is suitable for single-pixel cameras, as well as other compressive imaging applications.

scholarly journals Low Cost Radiation Hardened Software and Hardware Implementation for CubeSats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brosnan Yuen ◽  
Mihai Sima
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Spacecraft Design ◽  
Small Satellites ◽  
Scientific Experiments ◽  
Radiation Hardened ◽  
Software And Hardware

CubeSats are small satellites used for scientific experiments because they cost less than full sized satellites. Each CubeSat uses an on-board computer. The on-board computer performs sensor measurements, data processing, and CubeSat control. The challenges of designing an on-board computer are costs, radiation, thermal stresses, and vibrations. An on-board computer was designed and implemented to solve these challenges. The on-board computer used special components to mitigate radiation effects. Software was also used to provide redundancies in cases of faults. This paper may aid future spacecraft design as it improves the reliability of spacecraft, while keeping costs low.

scholarly journals Validation of a point-of-care rapid diagnostic test for hepatitis C for use in resource-limited settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
James S Leathers ◽  
Maria Belen Pisano ◽  
Viviana Re ◽  
Gertine van Oord ◽  
Amir Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Hcv Screening ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals has enabled the discussion of HCV eradication worldwide. Envisioning this aim requires implementation of mass screening in resource-limited areas, usually constrained by testing costs. Methods We validated a low-cost, rapid diagnosis test (RDT) for HCV in three different continents in 141 individuals. Results The HCV RDT showed 100% specificity and sensitivity across different samples regardless of genotype or viral load (in samples with such information, 90%). Conclusions The HCV test validated in this study can allow for HCV screening in areas of need when properly used.

scholarly journals Virtualizing AI at the Distributed Edge Towards Intelligent IoT Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Claudia Campolo ◽  
Giacomo Genovese ◽  
Antonio Iera ◽  
Antonella Molinaro
Keyword(s):  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Consumer Devices ◽  
Hardware Platforms ◽  
Smart Factories

Several Internet of Things (IoT) applications are booming which rely on advanced artificial intelligence (AI) and, in particular, machine learning (ML) algorithms to assist the users and make decisions on their behalf in a large variety of contexts, such as smart homes, smart cities, smart factories. Although the traditional approach is to deploy such compute-intensive algorithms into the centralized cloud, the recent proliferation of low-cost, AI-powered microcontrollers and consumer devices paves the way for having the intelligence pervasively spread along the cloud-to-things continuum. The take off of such a promising vision may be hurdled by the resource constraints of IoT devices and by the heterogeneity of (mostly proprietary) AI-embedded software and hardware platforms. In this paper, we propose a solution for the AI distributed deployment at the deep edge, which lays its foundation in the IoT virtualization concept. We design a virtualization layer hosted at the network edge that is in charge of the semantic description of AI-embedded IoT devices, and, hence, it can expose as well as augment their cognitive capabilities in order to feed intelligent IoT applications. The proposal has been mainly devised with the twofold aim of (i) relieving the pressure on constrained devices that are solicited by multiple parties interested in accessing their generated data and inference, and (ii) and targeting interoperability among AI-powered platforms. A Proof-of-Concept (PoC) is provided to showcase the viability and advantages of the proposed solution.

scholarly journals New Omnidirectional Sensor Based on Open-Source Software and Hardware for Tracking and Backtracking of Dual-Axis Solar Trackers in Photovoltaic Plants

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 726
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Gómez-Uceda ◽  
José Ramirez-Faz ◽  
Marta Varo-Martinez ◽  
Luis Manuel Fernández-Ahumada
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Radiative Capture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Solar Tracking ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Celestial Sphere ◽  
Photovoltaic Plants

In this work, an omnidirectional sensor that enables identification of the direction of the celestial sphere with maximum solar irradiance is presented. The sensor, based on instantaneous measurements, functions as a position server for dual-axis solar trackers in photovoltaic plants. The proposed device has been developed with free software and hardware, which makes it a pioneering solution because it is open and accessible as well as capable of being improved by the scientific community, thereby contributing to the rapid advancement of technology. In addition, the device includes an algorithm developed ex professo that makes it possible to predetermine the regions of the celestial sphere for which, according to the geometric characteristics of the PV plant, there would be shading between the panels. In this way, solar trackers do not have to locate the Sun’s position at all times according to astronomical models, while taking into account factors such as shadows or cloudiness that also affect levels of incident irradiance on solar collectors. Therefore, with this device, it is possible to provide photovoltaic plants with dual-axis solar tracking with a low-cost device that helps to optimise the trajectory of the trackers and, consequently, their radiative capture and energy production.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Capabilities of a Smartphone- Based Low-Cost Microscope

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-525
Author(s):  
Dorina Hasselbeck ◽  
Max B. Schäfer ◽  
Kent W. Stewart ◽  
Peter P. Pott
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities

AbstractMicroscopy enables fast and effective diagnostics. However, in resource-limited regions microscopy is not accessible to everyone. Smartphone-based low-cost microscopes could be a powerful tool for diagnostic and educational purposes. In this paper, the imaging quality of a smartphone-based microscope with four different optical parameters is presented and a systematic overview of the resulting diagnostic applications is given. With the chosen configuration, aiming for a reasonable trade-off, an average resolution of 1.23 μm and a field of view of 1.12 mm2 was achieved. This enables a wide range of diagnostic applications such as the diagnosis of Malaria and other parasitic diseases.

scholarly journals Investigating Capnography Innovation for Better Patient Monitoring in the Resource Limited Surgical Setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziar M. Nourian ◽  
Patrick Kolbay ◽  
Soeren Hoehne ◽  
Ahrash E. Poursaid ◽  
Ann E. Rowley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Environmental Sensor ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Surgical Setting ◽  
Lung Simulation

Background. Access to basic anesthetic monitoring in the developing world is lacking, which contributes to the 100 times greater anesthesia-related mortality in low- and middle-income countries. We hypothesize that an environmental sensor with a lower sampling rate could provide some clinical utility by providing CO2 levels, respiratory rate, and support in detection of clinical abnormalities. Materials and Methods. A bench-top lung simulation was created to replicate CO2 waveforms, and an environmental sensor was compared with industry-available technology. Sensor response time and respiratory rates were compared between devices. Additionally, an in silico model was created to replicate capnography pathology as waveforms would appear using the environmental sensor. Results and Conclusion. Breath simulations using the bench-top lung simulation produced similar results to industry standards with a degree of variability. Respiratory rates did not differ between the environmental sensor and all other devices tested. Finally, pathological waveforms created in silico carried a certain level of detail regarding ventilatory pathology, which could provide some clinical insight to an anesthesiologist. We believe our prototype is the first step toward making low-cost and portable capnography available in the resource-limited setting, and future efforts should focus on bridging the gap to safer anesthesia and surgery globally.

scholarly journals UAV BLOCK GEOREFERENCING AND CONTROL BY ON-BOARD GNSS DATA

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
G. Forlani ◽  
F. Diotri ◽  
U. Morra di Cella ◽  
R. Roncella
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Remote Sites ◽  
Gnss Data ◽  
And Control

Abstract. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are established platforms for photogrammetric surveys in remote areas. They are lightweight, easy to operate and can allow access to remote sites otherwise difficult (or impossible) to be surveyed with other techniques. Very good accuracy can be obtained also with low-cost UAV platforms as far as a reliable ground control is provided. However, placing ground control points (GCP) in these contexts is time consuming and requires accessibility that, in some cases, can be troublesome. RTK-capable UAV platforms are now available at reasonable costs and can overcome most of these problems, requiring just few (or none at all) GCP and still obtaining accurate results. The paper will present a set of experiments performed in cooperation with ARPA VdA (the Environmental Protection Agency of Valle d’Aosta region, Italy) on a test site in the Italian Alps using a Dji Phantom 4 RTK platform. Its goals are: a) compare accuracies obtainable with different calibration procedures (pre- or on-the-job/self-calibration); b) evaluate the accuracy improvements using different number of GCP when the site allows for it; and c) compare alternative positioning modes for camera projection centres determination, (Network RTK, RTK, Post Processing Kinematic and Single Point Positioning).

Research on Data Release and Location Monitoring Technology of Sensor Network Based on Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Monitoring Technology ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things is another information technology revolution and industrial wave after computer, Internet and mobile communication. It is becoming a key foundation and an important engine for the green, intelligent and sustainable development of economic society. The new networked intelligent production mode characterized by the integration innovation of the Internet of Things is shaping the core competitiveness of the future manufacturing industry. The application of sensor network data positioning and monitoring technology based on the Internet of Things in industry, power and other industries is a hot field for the development of the Internet of Things. Sensor network processing and industrial applications are becoming increasingly complex, and new features have appeared in the sensor network scale and infrastructure in these fields. Therefore, the Internet of Things perception data processing has become a research hotspot in the deep integration process between industry and the Internet of Things. This paper deeply analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of sensor network perception data under the new trend of the Internet of Things as well as the research on location monitoring technology, and makes in-depth exploration from the release and location monitoring of sensor network perception data of the Internet of Things. Sensor network technology integrated sensor technology, micro-electromechanical system technology, wireless communication technology, embedded computing technology and distributed information processing technology in one, with easy layout, easy control, low power consumption, flexible communication, low cost and other characteristics. Therefore, based on the release and location monitoring technologies of sensor network data based on the Internet of Things in different applications, this paper studies the corresponding networking technologies, energy management, data management and fusion methods. Standardization system in wireless sensor network low cost, and convenient data management needs, design the iot oriented middleware, and develops the software and hardware system, the application demonstration, the results show that the design of wireless sensor network based on iot data monitoring and positioning technology is better meet the application requirements, fine convenient integration of software and hardware, and standardized requirements and suitable for promotion.

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