scholarly journals Open Source Data Logging and Data Visualization for an Isolated PV System

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 424
Author(s):  
Bojian Jiang ◽  
M. Tariq Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Web Server ◽  
General System ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
Open Source Data ◽  
The Stability

Monitoring the operation of an isolated photovoltaic (PV) system needs both data loggers and web transfer to collect the sensor data. The data includes the measurement of the voltage and current of the PV system and for local weather. The PV system in Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN) is 5 m away from the window, where the weather data is collected. In reality, PV systems are approximately 25–50 m away from the weather sensors. It is, therefore, more meaningful to realize the sensor communications by wireless transfer than long cables, which can significantly reduce the cables of a large PV system with long distances among sensors. The PC receives all the sensor data and transfers hem to a web server (Thingspeak). A web server is applied to monitor the operation of the system instead of a local server when its users are far away from the location, even though the local server allows more frequent data logging (once per second). The data transformation between the PC and the web server must guarantee the stability and robustness of the program. The system alarm that reports the disconnection failure is also necessary to notify the users. This paper will first introduce the general system setup, then present each part of the system in detail, and finally, analyze the collected data.

scholarly journals State-Space Model of Quasi-Z-Source Inverter-PV Systems for Transient Dynamics Studies and Network Stability Assessment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4150
Author(s):  
Lluís Monjo ◽  
Luis Sainz ◽  
Juan José Mesas ◽  
Joaquín Pedra
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
State Space ◽  
State Space Model ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Ac Networks ◽  
Transient Interactions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Averaged Model

Photovoltaic (PV) power systems are increasingly being used as renewable power generation sources. Quasi-Z-source inverters (qZSI) are a recent, high-potential technology that can be used to integrate PV power systems into AC networks. Simultaneously, concerns regarding the stability of PV power systems are increasing. Converters reduce the damping of grid-connected converter systems, leading to instability. Several studies have analyzed the stability and dynamics of qZSI, although the characterization of qZSI-PV system dynamics in order to study transient interactions and stability has not yet been properly completed. This paper contributes a small-signal, state-space-averaged model of qZSI-PV systems in order to study these issues. The model is also applied to investigate the stability of PV power systems by analyzing the influence of system parameters. Moreover, solutions to mitigate the instabilities are proposed and the stability is verified using PSCAD time domain simulations.

scholarly journals Large Photovoltaic Power Plants Integration: A Review of Challenges and Solutions

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansouri ◽  
Lashab ◽  
Sera ◽  
Guerrero ◽  
Cherif
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Voltage Limit ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Scale Integration

Renewable energy systems (RESs), such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, are providing increasingly larger shares of power generation. PV systems are the fastest growing generation technology today with almost ~30% increase since 2015 reaching 509.3 GWp worldwide capacity by the end of 2018 and predicted to reach 1000 GWp by 2022. Due to the fluctuating and intermittent nature of PV systems, their large-scale integration into the grid poses momentous challenges. This paper provides a review of the technical challenges, such as frequency disturbances and voltage limit violation, related to the stability issues due to the large-scale and intensive PV system penetration into the power network. Possible solutions that mitigate the effect of large-scale PV system integration on the grid are also reviewed. Finally, power system stability when faults occur are outlined as well as their respective achievable solutions.

Stability Analysis of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 254-270
Author(s):  
M. A. Mahmud ◽  
M. Jahangir Hossain ◽  
H. R. Pota
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Linearization ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Linearization Technique ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Current Controller ◽  
Power Point ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Pv Power Generation

This chapter presents an overview Photovoltaic (PV) power generation and integration of PV systems with power grid. This chapter also presents a Feedback Linearizing Current Controller (FBLCC) to synchronize the PV system with the grid. This controller is designed based on the feedback linearization technique. The reference current for the controller is generated from the Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT). The stability of a single-phase grid connected PV system is analyzed through the Lyapunov function. To do these things, a suitable mathematical model of grid-connected PV system is also presented in this chapter. The performance of the designed controller is tested on a single-phase grid-connected PV system.

scholarly journals The Importance of Distance between Photovoltaic Power Stations for Clear Accuracy of Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Forecasting

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhakim El hendouzi ◽  
Abdennaser Bourouhou ◽  
Omar Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Error ◽  
Skill Score ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Forecasting Models ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Power Forecasting

The current research paper deals with the worldwide problem of photovoltaic (PV) power forecasting by this innovative contribution in short-term PV power forecasting time horizon based on classification methods and nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous input (NARX) neural network model. In the meantime, the weather data and PV installation parameters are collected through the data acquisition systems installed beside the three PV systems. At the same time, the PV systems are located in Morocco country, respectively, the 2 kWp PV installation placed at the Higher Normal School of Technical Education (ENSET) in Rabat city, the 3 kWp PV system set at Nouasseur Casablanca city, and the 60 kWp PV installation also based in Rabat city. The multisite modelling approach, meanwhile, is deployed for establishing the flawless short-term PV power forecasting models. As a result, the implementation of different models highlights their achievements in short-term PV power forecasting modelling. Consequently, the comparative study between the benchmarking model and the forecasting methods showed that the forecasting techniques used in this study outperform the smart persistence model not only in terms of normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) and normalized mean absolute error (nMAE) but also in terms of the skill score technique applied to assess the short-term PV power forecasting models.

scholarly journals Grid Connected PV Modules in Distributed Generation System during Irradiance and Temperature Variation

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 7447-7452
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Total System ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Pv Inverter ◽  
Random Behavior ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Transformer Output

Now a days, photovoltaic (PV) system finds extreme interest as alternative source of energy and they are integrated with grids forming distributed generation (DG) systems. But, the output of PV system is dependent of irradiance and temperature. As these parameters changes location to location in a very unpredictable way due to weather and shading and also for some other reasons, it effects the overall performance of DG system. Here such three PV systems of each 255 KW was considered to be located in different locations. These PV systems feed power to the grid and acts like a DG system. But what if the insolation and temperature change in random behavior in these different locations and what will be their impact on the total system. The model was designed in PSCAD and the possible scenarios are considered and also the effect of it is analyzed. The comparison study is done with normal condition and varying condition. The study reveals the effect on PV, inverter and transformer output. The stability of overall system is affected and also harmonics are injected and also the differences in phase and amplitude are observed which degrades the system performance.

A Simple Technique for Evaluating the Performance of Grid Connected Inverters

Solar Energy ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Schripsema ◽  
Jerry Culik
Keyword(s):  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Power Meter ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Ac Power ◽  
Ac Current ◽  
Dc Current

One of the challenges associated with evaluating the reliability of a large number of grid-connected (GC) photovoltaic (PV) systems is the expense of the measurement and data logging equipment required to measure typical operating parameters for these system. In order to fully monitor a PV system, it is necessary to measure plane of array solar irradiance, solar spectrum, array temperature, DC voltage, and DC current as well as the AC voltage, AC current, and AC power produced by the inverter. This paper presents a technique for evaluating several aspects of the performance and reliability of a grid-connected PV system using just one AC power meter / data logger to record the minimum, maximum, and mean power produced by the system over small segments of time. The data can then be graphed to quickly identify a wide variety of inverter problems, several examples of which are presented.

scholarly journals Reconfigurable Distributed Power Electronics Technique for Solar PV Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Charge Redistribution ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
In Series ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Power Balancing

A reconfiguration technique using a switched-capacitor (SC)-based voltage equalizer differential power processing (DPP) concept is proposed in this paper for photovoltaic (PV) systems at a cell/subpanel/panel-level. The proposed active diffusion charge redistribution (ADCR) architecture increases the energy yield during mismatch and adds a voltage boosting capability to the PV system under no mismatch by connected the available PV cells/panels in series. The technique performs a reconfiguration by measuring the PV cell/panel voltages and their irradiances. The power balancing is achieved by charge redistribution through SC under mismatch conditions, e.g., partial shading. Moreover, PV cells/panels remain in series under no mismatch. Overall, this paper analyzes, simulates, and evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed DPP architecture through a simulation-based model prepared in PSIM. Additionally, the effectiveness is also demonstrated by comparing it with existing conventional DPP and traditional bypass diode architecture.

scholarly journals Analysis and Design of a Multi-Port DC-DC Converter for Interfacing PV Systems

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1943
Author(s):  
Bader N. Alajmi ◽  
Mostafa I. Marei ◽  
Ibrahim Abdelsalam ◽  
Mohamed F. AlHajri
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Electromagnetic Transients ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Aided Design

A high-frequency multi-port (HFMP) direct current (DC) to DC converter is presented. The proposed HFMP is utilized to interface a photovoltaic (PV) system. The presented HFMP is compact and can perform maximum power point tracking. It consists of a high-frequency transformer with many identical input windings and one output winding. Each input winding is connected to a PV module through an H-bridge inverter, and the maximum PV power is tracked using the perturb and observe (P&O) technique. The output winding is connected to a DC bus through a rectifier. The detailed analysis and operation of the proposed HFMP DC-DC converter are presented. Extensive numerical simulations are conducted, using power system computer aided design (PSCAD)/electromagnetic transients including DC (EMTDC) software, to evaluate the operation and dynamic behavior of the proposed PV interfacing scheme. In addition, an experimental setup is built to verify the performance of the HFMP DC-DC converter.

scholarly journals An Optimized PV Control System Based on the Emperor Penguin Optimizer

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 751
Author(s):  
Mariam A. Sameh ◽  
Mostafa I. Marei ◽  
M. A. Badr ◽  
Mahmoud A. Attia
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Boost Converter ◽  
Emperor Penguin ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Grid Connected Inverter

During the day, photovoltaic (PV) systems are exposed to different sunlight conditions in addition to partial shading (PS). Accordingly, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques have become essential for PV systems to secure harvesting the maximum possible power from the PV modules. In this paper, optimized control is performed through the application of relatively newly developed optimization algorithms to PV systems under Partial Shading (PS) conditions. The initial value of the duty cycle of the boost converter is optimized for maximizing the amount of power extracted from the PV arrays. The emperor penguin optimizer (EPO) is proposed not only to optimize the initial setting of duty cycle but to tune the gains of controllers used for the boost converter and the grid-connected inverter of the PV system. In addition, the performance of the proposed system based on the EPO algorithm is compared with another newly developed optimization technique based on the cuttlefish algorithm (CFA). Moreover, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used as a reference algorithm to compare results with both EPO and CFA. PSO is chosen since it is an old, well-tested, and effective algorithm. For the evaluation of performance of the proposed PV system using the proposed algorithms under different PS conditions, results are recorded and introduced.

scholarly journals A Modification of the Perturb and Observe Method to Improve the Energy Harvesting of PV Systems under Partial Shading Conditions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2521
Author(s):  
Alfredo Gil-Velasco ◽  
Carlos Aguilar-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Power ◽  
Global Maximum ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Maximum Power Point ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Computational Resources

There are multiples conditions that lead to partial shading conditions (PSC) in photovoltaic systems (PV). Under these conditions, the harvested energy decreases in the PV system. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller aims to harvest the greatest amount of energy even under partial shading conditions. The simplest available MPPT algorithms fail on PSC, whereas the complex ones are effective but require high computational resources and experience in this type of systems. This paper presents a new MPPT algorithm that is simple but effective in tracking the global maximum power point even in PSC. The simulation and experimental results show excellent performance of the proposed algorithm. Additionally, a comparison with a previously proposed algorithm is presented. The comparison shows that the proposal in this paper is faster in tracking the maximum power point than complex algorithms.

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