scholarly journals On Energy Efficiency and Performance Evaluation of Single Board Computer Based Clusters: A Hadoop Case Study

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basit Qureshi ◽  
Anis Koubaa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Memory Storage ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Single Board Computer ◽  
And Performance

Energy efficiency in a data center is a challenge and has garnered researchers interest. In this study, we addressed the energy efficiency issue of a small scale data center by utilizing Single Board Computer (SBC)-based clusters. A compact layout was designed to build two clusters using 20 nodes each. Extensive testing was carried out to analyze the performance of these clusters using popular performance benchmarks for task execution time, memory/storage utilization, network throughput and energy consumption. Further, we investigated the cost of operating SBC-based clusters by correlating energy utilization for the execution time of various benchmarks using workloads of different sizes. Results show that, although the low-cost benefit of a cluster built with ARM-based SBCs is desirable, these clusters yield low comparable performance and energy efficiency due to limited onboard capabilities. It is possible to tweak Hadoop configuration parameters for an ARM-based SBC cluster to efficiently utilize resources. We present a discussion on the effectiveness of the SBC-based clusters as a testbed for inexpensive and green cloud computing research.

An Advanced Energy Efficient Rack Server Design With Distributed Battery Subsystem

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Wang ◽  
Xiaoguang Sun ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Nishi Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Power Delivery ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
Power Peak ◽  
Server Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Architecture And Design ◽  
Distributed Backup

Data centers concern not just energy usage, but also other important overall considerations such as the actual computational work, the energy efficiency and the performance of servers. The server, as one of the key ingredients of a data center, plays an increasingly crucial role in contributing to the overall energy use, especially in cases where the efficiency of the infrastructure has been optimized. Baidu has been exploring the sweet zone between power and performance in efficient rack server design and deployment for their self-built data center energy efficiency optimization from all the aspects. Recent deployment of rack server with distributed backup battery (Li-ion) subsystem (BBS) is one typical example to demonstrate their advanced rack server design for energy efficiency. Compared with lead acid battery based traditional UPS in data center, distributed BBS design in Baidu rack server has an advantage in lower power loss, data center power delivery and topology simplification, data center real estate saving, scalable deployment on demand without overprovision and so on, which overall contributes to a total cost ownership (TCO) reduction on both cap-ex (i.e., power infrastructure investment) and op-ex (i.e., electricity bill). This paper introduces overall architecture and design of Baidu rack server with distributed BBS. Furthermore details energy efficiency design methodology of power peak draw trimming based on workload power characterization; Also the related lab data collection, experiments result, ongoing work and future plan are summarized in the end. This paper also recaps TCO saving points benefiting from distributed BBS design into rack server system.

Cost-benefit analysis of energy efficiency in urban low-cost housing

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Winkler ◽  
Randall Spalding-Fecher ◽  
Lwazikazi Tyani ◽  
Khorommbi Matibe
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Low Cost Housing

scholarly journals AN OVERVIEW OF TREATMENT OF BRACKISH WATER USING SOLAR STILLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhanshu S. Kamat ◽  
Dilip D. Sarode
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Solar Desalination ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
The Cost

Solar desalination technologies are becoming popular among the scientific community for the production of fresh water from the brackish water. Membrane technologies are expensive to be implemented on small scale. Solar stills have simple working principle and there is low cost associated with it. Varied configurations and modifications have been implemented to improve the performance of solar stills. Thermodynamic analysis has also been done for the same. However, it is important to also optimize various combinations of the operating parameters, including the cost-benefit analysis associated with it. This paper focuses on the review of the effects of various geometric and operating parameters, and also optimizing the thermodynamics to improve the performance of solar still.

Effects of Servers' Rack Location and Power Loading Configurations on the Thermal Management of Data Center Racks' Array

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Nada ◽  
K. E. Elfeky
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Management ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Power Loading ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Power Densities

Effects of server/rack locations and server loading configurations on the thermal performance of data center racks' array are experimentally investigated using a scaled physical model simulating real data. Front and rear rack temperatures profiles, server temperatures, and performance indices supply/return heat index (SHI/RHI) are used to evaluate the thermal management of the racks' array. The results showed that (i) servers located in high level rack cabinet have the worst thermal performance, (ii) middle racks of the rack row showed optimum thermal performance and energy efficiency, and (iii) locating the servers of high power densities in the middle of the racks row improves the thermal performance and energy efficiency of the racks array.

scholarly journals Curating Local Knowledge: Experimental Evidence from Small Retailers in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio S Dalton ◽  
Julius Rüschenpöhler ◽  
Burak Uras ◽  
Bilal Zia
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Behavioral Constraints ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Outstanding Question

Abstract Business practices and performance vary widely across businesses within the same sector. A key outstanding question is why profitable practices do not readily diffuse. We conduct a field experiment among urban retailers in Indonesia to study whether alleviating informational and behavioral frictions can facilitate such diffusion in a cost-effective manner. Through quantitative and qualitative fieldwork, we curate a handbook that associates locally relevant practices with performance, and provides idiosyncratic implementation guidance informed by exemplary local retailers. We complement this handbook with two light-touch interventions to facilitate behavior change. A subset of retailers is invited to a documentary movie screening featuring the paths to success of exemplary peers. Another subset is offered two 30 minute personal visits by a local facilitator. A third group is offered both. Eighteen months later, we find significant impacts on practice adoption when the handbook is coupled with the two behavioral nudges, and up to a 35% increase in profits and 16.7% increase in sales. These findings suggest both informational and behavioral constraints are at play. The types of practices adopted map the performance improvements to efficiency gains rather than other channels. A simple cost-benefit analysis shows such locally relevant knowledge can be codified and scaled successfully at relatively low cost.

scholarly journals Retrofitting of an existing structure design and techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 1197 (1) ◽  
pp. 012059
Author(s):  
Sreenivas Muthukumaraswamy kamalakannan ◽  
Sravan Ashwin Ananda Murali ◽  
Mohamed Ansari Raja Abdul Malik ◽  
Nithya Anand Saravanan ◽  
B Vimal Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Additional Load ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Seismic Resilience ◽  
Existing Structure

Abstract Retrofitting of any given structure is done to improve its strength and performance. In most scenarios, retrofitting is done to improve seismic resilience and performance, however in this investigation retrofitting techniques are utilized to change the functional use of a structure, to be more precise, the agenda is to transform a commercial 10 storey structure into a data center building. In order to encompass the additional load parameters, instead of complete reconstruction, retrofitting solutions are to be adopted, which reduces cost, labor and is very energy and environment conscious. The said structure was modelled using the E-Tabs software, with appropriate load parameters. Furthermore, the altered load parameters for the data center would likewise be examined to understand the extent of failure and would help in indicating the appropriate retrofitting solution to ameliorate the situation. This project is cutting edge in the sense that a sustainable approach in the construction industry is sought to, looking at the need for energy efficiency.

scholarly journals Development and Performance Evaluation of A Low-Cost Hydraulic-Operated Biomass Briquetting Machine

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olawale U Dairo ◽  
Ademola E Adeleke ◽  
Taofeek Shittu ◽  
Nageri A Ibrahim ◽  
Olayemi J Adeosun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Hydraulic Control ◽  
Output Efficiency ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
And Performance

Large quantities of agricultural residues produced in Nigeria can provide an alternative way in meeting her energy demand through briquetting. Biomass briquetting is the process of compacting raw biomass materials (wood, charcoal, crop residues, and animal waste) into standard mini-brick units as solid fuel for improved handling and efficiency. A small scale, 40 bar hydraulic operated piston briquetting machine with a capacity of 120 briquettes per hour was developed. The machine comprised of hydraulic, control, press, power, ejection and frame sections, and adopted the binder-less technology. Sawdust and rice husk were used as sample biomass materials. The compressed biomass obtained from the developed machine in form of briquettes had mean diameter and height of 30 mm ±0.02 and 16 mm ±0.01 respectively. The force, deflection, and Young Modulus at peak were 16.30 N, 3.29 mm and 548.11 N/mm2 for Sawdust Briquettes (SB) respectively, while 12.50 N, 1.49 mm; and 481 N/mm2 were obtained for Rice Husk Briquettes (RHB).  The yield stress for SB and RHB were 12 and 9 N/mm2. The heating values obtained for SB and RHB were 51.0 Kcal/g and 39.4 Kcal/g respectively. The output efficiency of the machine was 88% indicating a satisfactory performance of the machine.

scholarly journals Development and Performance Analysis of a Low-Cost Hydrogen Generation System Using Locally Available Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Gour Chand Mazumder ◽  
SM Nasif Shams ◽  
Md Habibur Rahman ◽  
Saiful Huque
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bipolar Electrode ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Outlet Port ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
In Series ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Cost

In this paper, a low-cost water electrolyzer is developed and its performance study is presented. Locally found materials are used to develop the electrolyzer. The electrolyzer has two cells connected in parallel and bipolar electrode configuration. In common, different cells are connected in series but for this electrolyzer parallel connection has been tested. A very thin polymer, Nylon-140 has been used as separator membranes for this electrolyzer. In separator membrane assembly, the designed geometry creates two separate gas channels internally which enables the direct collection of hydrogen and oxygen gas from the designated outlet port of the electrolyzer. The geometry excludes the need of external tubing into each cell-compartments to collect hydrogen and oxygen separately. The developed electrolyzer is found to be 42% efficient with its highest production rate of 227.27 mL/min. The purity of hydrogen is found to be more than 92% and justified with the burn test. The cost is 20 times less than the commercial electrolyzers. The development method and scheme can be helpful to popularize the small scale use of hydrogen in Bangladesh for various renewable energy applications. Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 68(1): 49-56, 2020 (January)

Cost-efficiency and performance of individual and small-scale treatment plants

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Geenens ◽  
C. Thoeye
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Individual Housing ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Moment

The problem of diffuse pollution by individual housing can be tackled by installation of individual wastewater treatment systems. At the moment there are initiatives towards standardisation and certification of these systems to ensure efficient installations. Treatment results of recently installed individual plants prove to be very good towards BOD, COD and SS removal. Factors such as frequency of maintenance, control and mechanical breakdown may however affect these promising results. Investment and operation costs per PE are discussed and compared with a more centralised approach, emphasising the highly variable nature of these costs for individual wastewater treatment. Additional long-term experience is needed to evaluate the potential weak points and achieve improved cost-benefit analysis.

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