scholarly journals Methodology of Adaptive Instantaneous Overcurrent Protection Setting

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 2754
Author(s):  
Saul Jimenez ◽  
Ernesto Vázquez ◽  
Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Positive Sequence ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
The Real ◽  
Overcurrent Protection ◽  
Real Time Estimation ◽  
Non Linear Equations

This paper proposed a methodology of adaptive instantaneous overcurrent protection (AIOCP) setting that ensures that the protection coverage remains unchanged regardless of the operating condition of the electrical network. The methodology calculates the protection setting parameters based on the real-time estimation of the Thevenin equivalent circuit (TEC). The estimation algorithm uses the positive-sequence voltage and current values and a system of non-linear equations, which is solved iteratively by the Gauss–Newton method. The proposed methodology calculates the IOCP settings in real time by using the real-time estimation of the TEC; therefore, any change in the electric network conditions is represented in the TEC, and the calculated setting keeps the desired protection coverage constant. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed AIOCP can keep constant the protection coverage overcoming the classical problems of classical IOCP: sub-allocation and over-coverage.

scholarly journals Full-Observable Three-Phase State Estimation Algorithm Applied to Electric Distribution Grids

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Soares ◽  
Ubiratan Bezerra ◽  
Maria Tostes
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Phase State ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
The Real ◽  
Three Phase

This paper proposes the development of a three-phase state estimation algorithm, which ensures complete observability for the electric network and a low investment cost for application in typical electric power distribution systems, which usually exhibit low levels of supervision facilities and measurement redundancy. Using the customers´ energy bills to calculate average demands, a three-phase load flow algorithm is run to generate pseudo-measurements of voltage magnitudes, active and reactive power injections, as well as current injections which are used to ensure the electrical network is full-observable, even with measurements available at only one point, the substation-feeder coupling point. The estimation process begins with a load flow solution for the customers´ average demand and uses an adjustment mechanism to track the real-time operating state to calculate the pseudo-measurements successively. Besides estimating the real-time operation state the proposed methodology also generates nontechnical losses estimation for each operation state. The effectiveness of the state estimation procedure is demonstrated by simulation results obtained for the IEEE 13-bus test network and for a real urban feeder.

scholarly journals Joint structure for the real-time estimation and control of automotive dry clutch engagement

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (15) ◽  
pp. 1062-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Sharifzadeh ◽  
Mario Pisaturo ◽  
Arash Farnam ◽  
Adolfo Senatore
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Joint Structure ◽  
Clutch Engagement ◽  
Real Time Estimation ◽  
Dry Clutch ◽  
Estimation And Control ◽  
And Control

Modeling Technique of Prosthetic Heart Valves

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kitamura ◽  
T. Kijima ◽  
H. Akashi
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Modeling Technique ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
The Real ◽  
Hemodynamic State ◽  
Real Time Estimation

This paper demonstrates a modeling technique of prosthetic heart valves. In the modeling, a pumping cycle is divided into four phases, in which the state of the valve and flow is different. The pressure-flow relation across the valve is formulated separately in each phase. This technique is developed to build a mathematical model used in the real time estimation of the hemodynamic state under artificial heart pumping. The model built by this technique is simple enough for saving the computational time in the real time estimation. The model is described by the first-order ordinary differential equation with 12 parameters. These parameters can be uniquely determined beforehand from in-vitro experimental data. It is shown that the model can adapt, with sufficient accuracy, to a change in the practical pumping condition and the viscosity of the fluid in their practical range, and is also demonstrated that the estimated backflow volume by model agrees closely with the actual one.

scholarly journals A Mobile Kalman-Filter Based Solution for the Real-Time Estimation of Spatio-Temporal_newline Gait Parameters

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 764-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ferrari ◽  
Pieter Ginis ◽  
Michael Hardegger ◽  
Filippo Casamassima ◽  
Laura Rocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Real Time Estimation

scholarly journals Estimating Illumination Direction for Augmented Reality in Real-Time by using Low-Cost Sensors

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. e20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin E. Soulier ◽  
Matías Nicolás Selzer ◽  
Martín Leonardo Larrea
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Virtual Objects ◽  
Illumination Direction ◽  
Real Objects ◽  
Real Time Estimation ◽  
Commercial Field

In recent years, Augmented Reality has become a very popular topic, both as a research and commercial field. This trend has originated with the use of mobile devices as computational core and display. The appearance of virtual objects and their interaction with the real world is a key element in the success of an Augmented Reality software. A common issue in this type of software is the visual inconsistency between the virtual and real objects due to wrong illumination. Although illumination is a common research topic in Computer Graphics, few studies have been made about real time estimation of illumination direction. In this work we present a low-cost approach to detect the direction of the environment illumination, allowing the illumination of virtual objects according to the real light of the ambient, improving the integration of the scene. Our solution is open-source, based on Arduino hardware and the presented system was developed on Android.

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