scholarly journals Robust Downlink Mechanism for Industrial Internet of Things Using LoRaWAN Networks

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 2122
Author(s):  
David Todoli-Ferrandis ◽  
Javier Silvestre-Blanes ◽  
Víctor Sempere-Payá
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Channel Interference ◽  
Class B ◽  
Rate Optimization ◽  
The Impact

The adoption of LoRaWAN as a technology for wireless deployments in many applications, such as smart cities or industry 4.0, still presents challenges such as energy consumption, robustness, or reduced throughput in harsh, noisy scenarios. Class B is a MAC mode that allows better performance in downlink traffic but has difficulties regarding scalability and its response to channel interference. This article introduces, via simulation software, the possibility of testing deployments, adding interference sources that model industrial scenarios, and proposes an adaptive data rate (ADR) mechanism to enhance the operation for downlink and class B devices, called DROB (downlink rate optimization for class B) to study the impact of these conditions in a network with detailed event characterization.

scholarly journals Analysis of Bidirectional ADR-Enabled Class B LoRaWAN Networks in Industrial Scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 7964
Author(s):  
David Todoli-Ferrandis ◽  
Javier Silvestre-Blanes ◽  
Víctor Sempere-Payá ◽  
Ana Planes-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Packet Loss ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Class B

Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies are becoming a widespread solution for wireless deployments in many applications, such as smart cities or Industry 4.0. However, there are still challenges to be addressed, such as energy consumption and robustness. To characterize and optimize these types of networks, the authors have developed an optimized use of the adaptative data rate (ADR) mechanism for uplink, proposed its use also for downlink based on the simulator ns-3, and then defined an industrial scenario to test and validate the proposed solution in terms of packet loss and energy.

scholarly journals OPC UA Publish-Subscribe and VSOME/IP Notify-Subscribe Based Gateway Application in the Context of Car to Infrastructure Communication

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 4624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandru Ioana ◽  
Adrian Korodi
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
High Concern ◽  
The Impact

With the recent advances in the area of OPC UA interfacing and the continuously growing requirements of the industrial automation world, combined with the more and more complex configurations of ECUs inside vehicles and services associated to car to infrastructure and even car to car communications, the gap between the two domains must be analyzed and filled. This gap occurred mainly because of the rigidness and lack of transparency of the software-hardware part of the automotive sector and the new demands for car to infrastructure communications. The issues are related to protocols as well as to conceptual views regarding requirements and already adopted individual directions. The industrial world is in the Industry 4.0 era, and in the Industrial Internet of Things context, its key interfacing enabler is OPC UA. Mainly to accommodate requirements related, among others, to high volumes, transfer rates, larger numbers of nodes, improved coordination and services, OPC UA enhances within its specifications the Publish-Subscribe mechanism and the TSN technology. In the OPC UA context, together with the VSOME/IP Notify-Subscribe mechanism, the current work is stepping toward a better understanding of the current relation between the needs of the industry and the suitable technologies, providing in-depth analysis on the most recent paradigms developed for data transmission, taking in consideration the real-time capabilities and use-cases of high concern in automation and automotive domains, and toward obtaining a VSOME/IP—OPC UA Gateway that includes the necessary characteristics and services in order to fill the protocol-related gap between the above mentioned fields. The developed case study results are proving the efficiency of the concept and are providing a better understanding regarding the impact between ongoing solutions and future requirements.

scholarly journals Cloud Based Smart City Services for Industrial Internet of Things in Software-Defined Networking

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8910
Author(s):  
Himanshi Babbar ◽  
Shalli Rani ◽  
Aman Singh ◽  
Mohammed Abd-Elnaby ◽  
Bong Jun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Software Defined Networking ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
The Impact

The network session constraints for Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications are different and challenging. These constraints necessitates a high level of reconfigurability, so that the system can assess the impact of an event and adjust the network effectively. Software Defined Networking (SDN) in contrast to existing networks segregates the control and data plane to support network configuration which is programmable with smart cities requirement that shows the highest impact on the system but faces the problem of reliability. To address this issue, the SDN-IIoT based load balancing algorithm is proposed in this article and it is not application specific.Quality of service (QoS) aware architecture i.e., SDN-IIoT load balancing scheme is proposed and it deals with load on the servers. Huge load on the servers, makes them vulnerable to halt the system and hence leads to faults which creates the reliability problem for real time applications. In this article, load is migrated from one server to another server, if load on one server is more than threshold value. Load distribution has made the proposed scheme more reliable than already existing schemes. Further, the topology used for the implementation has been designed using POX controller and the results has been evaluated using Mininet emulator with its support in python programming. Lastly, the performance is evaluated based on the various Quality of Service (QoS) metrics; data transmission, response time and CPU utilization which shows that the proposed algorithm has shown 10% improvement over the existing LBBSRT, Random, Round-robin, Heuristic algorithms.

Domestic Engineering - Industry 4.0 Technology Transition Problems

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
E. N. Lapteva ◽  
O. V. Nasarochkina
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Problem Analysis ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Technology Transition ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Virtual And Augmented Reality

The paper deals with problem analysis due to domestic engineering transition to the Industry 4.0 technology. It presents such innovative technologies as additive manufacturing (3D-printing), Industrial Internet of Things, total digitization of manufacturing (digital description of products and processes, virtual and augmented reality). Among the main highlighted problems the authors include a lack of unification and standardization at this stage of technology development; incompleteness of both domestic and international regulatory framework; shortage of qualified personnel.

A case study: How did IoT start-up Distronix change its business model to sustain growth in the pay-per-use economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 204388692098158
Author(s):  
Dipankar Chakrabarti ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Soumya Sarkar ◽  
Arindam Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Fixed Fee

Industrial Internet of Things emerged as one of the major technologies enabling Industry 4.0 for industries. Multiple start-ups started working in the Industrial Internet of Things field to support this new industrial revolution. Distronix, one such Industrial Internet of Things start-up of India, started operations in 2014, when companies were not even aware of Industrial Internet of Things. Distronix started executing fixed-fee projects for implementation of Industrial Internet of Things. They also started manufacturing sensors to support large customers end-to-end in their Industry 4.0 journey. With the advent of public cloud, companies started demanding pay-per-use model for the solution Distronix provided. This posed a major challenge to Distronix as they had developed technology skills focusing fixed-fee customized project delivery for their clients. The situation demanded that they change their business model from individual project delivery to creation of product sand-box with pre-registered sensors and pre-defined visualization layer to support use cases for Industrial Internet of Things implementation in multiple industry sectors. It forced Rohit Sarkar, the 26 years old entrepreneur and owner of Distronix, to upgrade capabilities of his employees and transform the business model to support pay-per-use economy popularized by public cloud providers. The case discusses the challenges Rohit faced to revamp their business model in such an emerging technology field, like, to develop new skills of the technical people to support such novel initiative, reorienting sales people towards pay as use model, developing new concept of plug and play modular product, devising innovative pricing, better alliance strategy and finding out a super early adopter.

Cyber-physical systems architectures for industrial internet of things applications in Industry 4.0: A literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 176-192
Author(s):  
Diego G.S. Pivoto ◽  
Luiz F.F. de Almeida ◽  
Rodrigo da Rosa Righi ◽  
Joel J.P.C. Rodrigues ◽  
Alexandre Baratella Lugli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Systems Architectures

Dynamic pricing in industrial internet of things: Blockchain application for energy management in smart cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 102615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Ali Khattak ◽  
Komal Tehreem ◽  
Ahmad Almogren ◽  
Zoobia Ameer ◽  
Ikram Ud Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Internet

How Can Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) Improve Enterprise Productivity?

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-133
Author(s):  
Erdinç Koç
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Time Consumption ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Smart Cars ◽  
Industrial Part

This chapter gives brief information about internet of things (IoT) and then detailed knowledge of industrial internet of things (IIoT). Internet of things applications can be seen in different areas, such as smart cars, smart homes, smart cities, agriculture, healthcare, industry, etc. This study focuses on the industrial part. Industrial internet of things (IIoT) means internet of things (IoT) applications for industrial usage. IIoT give a chance to enterprise for tracking supply chains, monitoring production line operations, and real-time consumption of energy, managing stock, and transportation decisions. This study used case study method for developing theory about IIoT's contribution to enterprise productivity. IIoT applications can be adapted to which operations of the enterprise, and how it will contribute to enterprise productivity is explained in this chapter. The chapter discusses the projects that are within the vision of IIoT but not yet implemented and concludes with suggestions for future studies.

Industrial Internet of Things 4.0

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-191
Author(s):  
Vishwas D. B. ◽  
Gowtham M. ◽  
Gururaj H. L. ◽  
Sam Goundar
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Ubiquitous Computing ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Scientific Policy ◽  
Industrial Internet Of Things ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In the era of mechanical digitalization, organizations are progressively putting resources into apparatuses and arrangements that permit their procedures, machines, workers, and even the products themselves to be incorporated into a solitary coordinated system for information assortment, information examination, the assessment of organization advancement, and execution improvement. This chapter presents a reference guide and review for propelling an Industry 4.0 venture from plan to execution, according to base on the economic and scientific policy of European parliament, applying increasingly effective creation forms, and accomplishing better profitability and economies of scale may likewise bring about expanded financial manageability. This chapter present the contextual analysis of a few Industry 4.0 applications. Authors give suggestions coordinating the progression of Industry 4.0. This section briefly portrays the advancement of IIoT 4.0. The change of ubiquitous computing through the internet of things has numerous difficulties related with it.

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