scholarly journals Donut-Shaped mmWave Printed Antenna Array for 5G Technology

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1415
Author(s):  
Mian Muhammad Kamal ◽  
Shouyi Yang ◽  
Saad Hassan Kiani ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan Anjum ◽  
Mohammad Alibakhshikenari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Printed Antenna ◽  
Central Frequency ◽  
Ring Shape ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Slotted Antenna

This article presents compact and novel shape ring-slotted antenna array operating at mmWave band on central frequency of 28 GHz. The proposed structure designed at 0.256 mm thin Roggers 5880 is composed of a ring shape patch with a square slot etched at the top mid-section of partial ground plane. Through optimizing the ring and square slot parameters, a high bandwidth of 8 GHz is achieved, ranging from 26 to 32 GHz, with a simulated gain of 3.95 dBi and total efficiency of 96% for a single element. The proposed structure is further transformed in a 4-element linear array manner. With compact dimensions of 20 mm × 22 mm for array, the proposed antenna delivers a high simulated gain of 10.7 dBi and is designed in such a way that it exhibits dual beam response over the entire band of interest and simulated results agree with fabricated prototype measurements.

scholarly journals A Novel Hook-Shaped Antenna Operating at 28 GHz for Future 5G mmwave Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Mian Kamal ◽  
Shouyi Yang ◽  
Saad Kiani ◽  
Daniyal Sehrai ◽  
Mohammad Alibakhshikenari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
Element Array

To address atmospheric attenuation and path loss issues in the mmwave portion of the spectrum, high gain and narrow beam antenna systems are essential for the next generation communication networks. This paper presents a novel hook-shaped antenna array for 28 GHz 5G mmwave applications. The proposed antenna was fabricated on commercially available Rogers 5880 substrate with thickness of 0.508 mm and dimensions of 10 × 8 mm2. The proposed shape consists of a circle with an arc-shaped slot on top of it and T-shaped resonating lengths are introduced in order to attain broad band characteristics having gain of 3.59 dBi with radiation and total efficiency of 92% and 86% for single element. The proposed structure is transformed into a four-element array with total size of 26.9 × 18.5 mm2 in order to increase the gain up to 10.3 dBi at desired frequency of interest. The four-element array is designed such that it exhibits dual-beam response over the entire band of interest and the simulated results agree with fabricated prototype measurements. The proposed antenna array, because of its robustness, high gain, and dual-beam characteristics can be considered as a potential candidate for the next generation 5G communication systems.

60 GHz beam-tilting coplanar slotted SIW antenna array

Frequenz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamsakutty Vettikalladi ◽  
Waleed Tariq Sethi ◽  
Mohammed Himdi ◽  
Majeed Alkanhal
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Phase Shifters ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Complex Geometries ◽  
Substrate Integrated Waveguide ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Central Frequency ◽  
Beam Tilting ◽  
Slotted Antenna ◽  
Passive Phase

Abstract This article presents a 60 GHz coplanar fed slotted antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology for beam-tilting applications. The longitudinal passive slots are fed via associated SIW holes adjacent to the coplanar feed while the main excitation is provided from the microstrip-to-SIW transition. The antenna array achieves an impedance bandwidth of 57–64 GHz with gains reaching to 12 dBi. The passive SIW slots are excited with various orientations of coplanar feeds and associated holes covering an angular beam-tilting from −56° to +56° with an offset of 10° at the central frequency. The novelty of this work is; beam-tilting is achieved without the use of any active/passive phase shifters which improves the design in terms of losses and provide a much simpler alternative compared to the complex geometries available in the literature at the 60 GHz band.

scholarly journals A Novel High Gain Monopole Antenna Array for 60 GHz Millimeter-Wave Communications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 4546
Author(s):  
Tarek S. Mneesy ◽  
Radwa K. Hamad ◽  
Amira I. Zaki ◽  
Wael A. E. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Monopole Antenna ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Single Element ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
Defected Ground Structure ◽  
Element Array

This paper presented the design and implementation of a 60 GHz single element monopole antenna as well as a two-element array made of two 60 GHz monopole antennas. The proposed antenna array was used for 5G applications with radiation characteristics that conformed to the requirements of wireless communication systems. The proposed single element was designed and optimized to work at 60 GHz with a bandwidth of 6.6 GHz (57.2–63.8 GHz) and a maximum gain of 11.6 dB. The design was optimized by double T-shaped structures that were added in the rectangular slots, as well as two external stubs in order to achieve a highly directed radiation pattern. Moreover, ring and circular slots were made in the partial ground plane at an optimized distance as a defected ground structure (DGS) to improve the impedance bandwidth in the desired band. The two-element array was fed by a feed network, thus improving both the impedance bandwidth and gain. The single element and array were fabricated, and the measured and simulated results mimicked each other in both return loss and antenna gain.

scholarly journals Square-Framed T Shape mmwave Antenna Array at 28 GHz for Future 5G Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Saad Hassan Kiani ◽  
Xin Cheng Ren ◽  
Adil Bashir ◽  
Ammar Rafiq ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan Anjum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Millimetre Wave ◽  
System A ◽  
Dual Beam ◽  
Compact Size ◽  
5G Systems

In this research, a novel T shape antenna is proposed for millimetre-wave (mmwave) 5G systems. Designed on 0.254 mm thin Roggers 5880 substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.3 and the loss tangent of 0.0009, the proposed antenna offers a wideband characteristics of nearly 8 GHz with gain of 4.25 dBi for single element. Based on these characteristics, the single element is further constructed into a four-element linear array with a compact size of 18.5 × 24 mm2 The proposed antenna array exhibited dual beam radiation patterns with a high realized gain of 11.5 dBi and 94% efficiency. The measured results from the fabricated prototype well agree with the simulated results and thus, therefore, make the proposed antenna system a well-suited candidate for future mmwave devices.

Laser micro-machined 28 GHz broad band single feed microstrip antenna for 5G mm-wave applications

Circuit World ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Melvin C. Jose ◽  
Radha Sankararajan ◽  
Sreeja B.S. ◽  
Pratap Kumar Pratap Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Mutual Coupling ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Substrate Thickness ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This paper aims to propose a laser micro-machined 4 × 4 elements microstrip array antenna suitable for 5 G millimeter wave (mm-wave) applications. Each patch element of the array is excited with same amplitude and phase that is achieved with proper novel impedance matching stub. The proposed antenna achieves a simulated gain of 13.15 dBi and a measured return loss of −24.80 dB at 28.73 GHz with a total bandwidth of 7.48 GHz. The designed antenna is directional with a directivity of 15.1 dBi at 28.73 GHz, whereas fabricated on a low cost FR4 substrate with a substrate thickness of 0.074 λ mm. The antenna is realized with an aperture size of 2.24λ × 3.26λ. Design/methodology/approach The antenna structure starts from the design of single element called unit cell. The single element is designed using the transmission line model equations of a rectangular patch. To design a 28 GHz microstrip patch antenna, a dielectric material with lower permittivity and having thickness (h) less than 1 mm is required. This specification gives better gain and efficiency by reducing surface waves and mutual coupling between elements. The inset width is optimized to achieve the minimum reflection coefficient (S11). The single element has been arranged with a minimum spacing of λ/2 (5.3571 mm) in an H plane and E plane. It is connected using the microstrip lines with proper impedance matching. The four 2 × 2-sub array cell subsystems are connected with a corporate feed together formed the 4 × 4-array cell. Rectangular planar array method is used to arrange the elements in the 4 × 4 array cell. Findings The design concept is simple which includes the combination of corporate feed and insect feed. It is compact in size and easy to fabricate. The bandwidth of fabricated prototype antenna array is achieved as 7.48 GHz from 24.98 GHz to 32.46 GHz. The mutual coupling is very less though the antenna array is placed with minimum spacing between adjacent elements. This is because of the microstrip feeding structure with minimum phase shift. The gain can be further enhanced with increasing number of array element and proper designing of feed line. Owing to the advantages of low profile, wide bandwidth and high gain, the designed array will be potentially useful in 5 G wireless communications. Originality/value The measured antenna offers bandwidth 7.48 GHz (24.98 GHz-32.46 GHz) with centered frequency 28.73 GHz. The agreement between simulated and measured results is good. The VSWR is observed 0.32 < 2, offers good impedance matching and low mutual coupling. It gives better E-Field and H-field radiation patterns of the 4 × 4 array antenna structure at 28 GHz. The total gain of 13.14 dBi is achieved at the center frequency. The total efficiency of 63.42 per cent is achieved with FR4 substrate.

scholarly journals Triangular Slot-Loaded Wideband Planar Rectangular Antenna Array for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 778
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Houjun Sun ◽  
Umair Rafique ◽  
Zhang Yi
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Antenna Element ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Rectangular Patch ◽  
Half Power

This paper presents a design of a triangular slot-loaded planar rectangular antenna array for wideband millimeter-wave (mm-wave) 5G communication systems. The proposed array realizes an overall size of 35.5 × 14.85 mm2. To excite the array elements, a four-way broadband corporate feeding network was designed and analyzed. The proposed array offered a measured impedance bandwidth in two different frequency ranges, i.e., from 23 to 24.6 GHz and from 26 to 45 GHz. The single-antenna element of the array consists of a rectangular patch radiator with a triangular slot. The partial ground plane was used at the bottom side of the substrate to obtain a wide impedance bandwidth. The peak gain in the proposed array is ≈12 dBi with a radiation efficiency of >90%. Furthermore, the array gives a half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of as low as 12.5°. The proposed array has been fabricated and measured, and it has been observed that the measured results are in agreement with the simulated data.

scholarly journals Realizing UWB Antenna Array with Dual and Wide Rejection Bands Using Metamaterial and Electromagnetic Bandgaps Techniques

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Ayman A. Althuwayb ◽  
Mohammad Alibakhshikenari ◽  
Bal S. Virdee ◽  
Pancham Shukla ◽  
Ernesto Limiti
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Electromagnetic Bandgap ◽  
Uwb Antenna ◽  
Average Gain ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Notched Band

This research article describes a technique for realizing wideband dual notched functionality in an ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna array based on metamaterial and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) techniques. For comparison purposes, a reference antenna array was initially designed comprising hexagonal patches that are interconnected to each other. The array was fabricated on standard FR-4 substrate with thickness of 0.8 mm. The reference antenna exhibited an average gain of 1.5 dBi across 5.25–10.1 GHz. To improve the array’s impedance bandwidth for application in UWB systems metamaterial (MTM) characteristics were applied it. This involved embedding hexagonal slots in patch and shorting the patch to the ground-plane with metallic via. This essentially transformed the antenna to a composite right/left-handed structure that behaved like series left-handed capacitance and shunt left-handed inductance. The proposed MTM antenna array now operated over a much wider frequency range (2–12 GHz) with average gain of 5 dBi. Notched band functionality was incorporated in the proposed array to eliminate unwanted interference signals from other wireless communications systems that coexist inside the UWB spectrum. This was achieved by introducing electromagnetic bandgap in the array by etching circular slots on the ground-plane that are aligned underneath each patch and interconnecting microstrip-line in the array. The proposed techniques had no effect on the dimensions of the antenna array (20 mm × 20 mm × 0.87 mm). The results presented confirm dual-band rejection at the wireless local area network (WLAN) band (5.15–5.825 GHz) and X-band satellite downlink communication band (7.10–7.76 GHz). Compared to other dual notched band designs previously published the footprint of the proposed technique is smaller and its rejection notches completely cover the bandwidth of interfering signals.

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