scholarly journals A Novel Antenna for UHF RFID Near-Field Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1310
Author(s):  
Yuan Yao ◽  
Qiuyue Ge ◽  
Junsheng Yu ◽  
Xiaodong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Uniform Electric Field ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Spiral Antenna ◽  
Component Distribution ◽  
Reader Antenna ◽  
Antenna Surface

This paper proposed a novel antenna for ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) near-field applications with uniform distribution of the electric field along the x-axis (Ex), and the y-axis (Ey). The proposed antenna adopted a spiral structure to achieve broadband and multi-polarization. The novel antenna achieved good impedance matching within 860–960 MHz. Using a ground plate, the proposed antenna achieved low far-field gain and a maximum gain of less than −11 dBi. The component of the excited electric field Ex and Ey parallel to the antenna surface was uniformly distributed, and there was no zero point. The proposed antenna achieved a 100% read rate of tags parallel to its surface in the reading area of 150 mm × 150 mm × 220 mm. Simulation results were consistent with the results of real-world measurements, and the proposed antenna was suitable as a reader antenna in near-field applications. The polarization mode of RFID tags is mostly linear polarization, and the placement of tags in practical applications is diversified. Compared with the traditional RFID reader antenna, the proposed antenna achieves uniform electric field distribution parallel to the antenna surface, but the single-direction electric field has zero-reading points, which is easy to cause the misread of tags. The RFID tags can be read more accurately. To verify the scalability of the reading area of the spiral antenna unit, it was used for array design, and simulations were conducted using 1 × 2, 2 × 2,1 × 4, and 2 × 4 arrays. The component distribution of the electric field excited by the four array antennas in the x and y directions was uniform and the reading area was controllable. Therefore, the proposed spiral antenna has the expandability of the reading area and can meet the needs of different application scenarios by changing the number of array units. With the array extension, the matching network also extends, and the impedance characteristics of the array antenna are somewhat different, but they also meet the application requirements.

scholarly journals Novel UHF RFID Near-Field Reader Antenna with Uniform Vertical Electric Field Distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yanbin Chen ◽  
Xiaojuan Ren ◽  
Jimin Zhao ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Yuan Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Electric Field Distribution ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Wave Mode ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Microstrip Lines ◽  
Vertical Electric Field ◽  
Reader Antenna

This paper presents two novel UHF RFID near-field reader antennas with uniform vertical electric field distribution. The two antennas have the following common characteristics. First, the radiating parts of the two antennas are simulated and fabricated by the microstrip lines and work using the leakage wave principle of microstrip lines. Second, the end of microstrip lines match the load to form a traveling wave mode of operation, so the two antennas have broadband characteristics. Third, both antennas are fed in a coaxial manner at the center of the antenna. The simulation and measurement results can show that the proposed three-branch antenna and four-branch antenna achieve good impedance matching in the range of 883–960 MHz and 870–960 MHz, respectively, and achieve uniform distribution of the vertical electric field component in a certain area. The reading areas of the three-branch antenna and the four-branch antenna are 70 mm × 70 mm × 90 mm and 100 mm × 100 mm × 120 mm (length × width × height), respectively. Due to the introduction of the ground plate, the antenna gain is low, which meets the design requirements of near-field antennas.

scholarly journals RFID Technology for Management and Tracking: e-Health Applications

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Álvarez López ◽  
Jacqueline Franssen ◽  
Guillermo Álvarez Narciandi ◽  
Janet Pagnozzi ◽  
Ignacio González-Pinto Arrillaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Rfid System ◽  
Health Applications

Radio frequency identification (RFID) has become a key technology in the logistics and management industry, thanks to distinctive features such as the low cost of RFID tags, and the easiness of the RFID tags’ deployment and integration within the items to be tracked. In consequence, RFID plays a fundamental role in the so-called digital factory or 4.0 Industry, aiming to increase the level of automatization of industrial processes. In addition, RFID has also been found to be of great help in improving the tracking of patients, medicines, and medical assets in hospitals, where the digitalization of these operations improves their efficiency and safety. This contribution reviews the state-of-the-art of RFID for e-Health applications, describing the contributions to improve medical services and discussing the limitations. In particular, it has been found that a lot of effort has been put into software development, but in most of the cases a detailed study of the physical layer (that is, the characterization of the RFID signals within the area where the system is deployed) is not properly conducted. This contribution describes a basic RFID system for tracking and managing assets in hospitals, aiming to provide additional details about implementation aspects that must be considered to ensure proper functionality of the system. Although the scope of the RFID system described in this contribution is restricted to a small area of the hospital, the architecture is fully scalable to cover the needs of the different medical services in the hospital. Ultra high-frequency (UHF) RFID technology is selected over the most extended near-field communication (NFC) and high-frequency (HF) RFID technology to minimize hardware infrastructure. In particular, UHF RFID also makes the coverage/reading area conformation easier by using different kinds of antennas. Information is stored in a database, which is accessed from end-user mobile devices (tablets, smartphones) where the position and status of the assets to be tracked are displayed.

scholarly journals Uniform Magnetic Field Characteristics Based UHF RFID Tag for Internet of Things Applications

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 1603
Author(s):  
Abubakar Sharif ◽  
Yi Yan ◽  
Jun Ouyang ◽  
Hassan Tariq Chattha ◽  
Kamran Arshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Uniform Magnetic Field ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Logarithmic Spiral ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Rfid Tag ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Reader Antenna

This paper presents a novel inkjet-printed near-field ultra-high-frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag/sensor design with uniform magnetic field characteristics. The proposed tag is designed using the theory of characteristics mode (TCM). Moreover, the uniformity of current and magnetic field performance is achieved by further optimizing the design using particle swarm optimization (PSO). Compared to traditional electrically small near-field tags, this tag uses the logarithmic spiral as the radiating structure. The benefit of the logarithmic spiral structure lies in its magnetic field receiving area that can be extended to reach a higher reading distance. The combination of TCM and PSO is used to get the uniform magnetic field and desired resonant frequency. Moreover, the PSO was exploited to get a uniform magnetic field in the horizontal plane of the normal phase of the UHF RFID near-field reader antenna. As compared with the frequently-used commercial near field tag (Impinj J41), our design can be readable up to a three times greater read distance. Furthermore, the proposed near-field tag design shows great potential for commercial item-level tagging of expensive jewelry products and sensing applications, such as temperature monitoring of the human body.

Experimental Investigation and Numerical Optimization of Key Factors Affecting the Programming Efficacy of Passive UHF RFID Tags

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kassy M. Lum ◽  
Donnie Proffitt ◽  
Ann Whitney ◽  
Johné M. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Laser Printer ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Rfid Systems ◽  
Rfid System ◽  
Reader Antenna

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a disruptive technology that uses radio waves to uniquely identify objects. As such, it has the potential to bring significant benefits to numerous government and private sector initiatives. However, significant technical challenges remain. A key area of study is in system performance: while the major hardware components in an RFID system (i.e., tags, readers and middleware) have been and continue to be studied extensively, there has been little research, comparatively, in characterizing RFID system performance. The research presented in this paper was inspired, in part, by a laser printer RFID solution; i.e., one in which the printer simultaneously prints and programs ultra-high frequency (UHF) tags embedded in print media. In this paper, we have conducted a detailed experimental investigation of the primary factors influencing the performance of RFID systems similar to the print solution. This study aims to provide a systematic experimental process for investigating key factors — e.g., the air gap between reader antenna and tag, in-plane orientation of the tag with respect to the reader antenna, and power level output of the reader — which affect the programmability of UHF RFID tags. Results provide a baseline evaluation of the functionality of RFID systems of similar designs and provide a basis for a detailed exploration of the primary factors which affect RFID UHF passive tag dynamic programming capabilities. By understanding which factors significantly affect the readability and programming of RFID tags, this research suggests optimal designs for system functionality and provides data needed in order to advance such designs. Additionally, a key obstacle for RFID implementation is tag selection. Effectively matching tags to applications requires numerous economic and technical considerations; these considerations generate different implementation constraints. This paper lays the foundation for a multi-objective optimization algorithm to help determine optimal tag selection for a given application, based upon tag performance and cost.

scholarly journals Numerical analysis of wireless power transfer in near-field UHF-RFID systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Alice Buffi ◽  
Andrea Michel ◽  
Paolo Nepa ◽  
Giuliano Manara
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Loading Condition ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Load Impedance ◽  
Rfid Systems ◽  
Full Wave ◽  
Reader Antenna

A preliminary numerical analysis of the power transfer efficiency (PTE) for the forward link of near-field (NF) ultra high frequency (UHF)-radio frequency identification (RFID) systems is addressed in this paper, by resorting to an impedance matrix approach where the matrix entries are determined through full-wave simulations. The paper is aimed to quantify the NF-coupling effects on the PTE, as a function of the distance between the reader and tag antennas. To allow for a PTE comparison between different reader and tag antenna pairs, a benchmarking tag-loading condition has been assumed, where the tag antenna is loaded with the impedance that maximizes the PTE. In a more realistic loading condition, the load impedance is assumed as equal to the conjugate of the tag antenna input impedance. Full-wave simulations use accurate antenna models of commercial UHF-RFID passive tags and reader antennas. Finally, a “shape-matched antenna” configuration has been selected, where the reader antenna is assumed as identical to the tag antenna. It is shown that the above configuration could be a valuable compact solution, at least for those systems where the relative orientation/position between the tag and reader antennas can be controlled, and their separation is of the order of a few centimeters or less.

scholarly journals An Action Classification Method for Forklift Monitoring in Industry 4.0 Scenarios

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5183
Author(s):  
Andrea Motroni ◽  
Alice Buffi ◽  
Paolo Nepa ◽  
Mario Pesi ◽  
Antonio Congi
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Classification Method ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Cyber Physical System ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Action Classification ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Reader Antenna ◽  
Frequency Identification

The I-READ 4.0 project is aimed at developing an integrated and autonomous Cyber-Physical System for automatic management of very large warehouses with a high-stock rotation index. Thanks to a network of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) readers operating in the Ultra-High-Frequency (UHF) band, both fixed and mobile, it is possible to implement an efficient management of assets and forklifts operating in an indoor scenario. A key component to accomplish this goal is the UHF-RFID Smart Gate, which consists of a checkpoint infrastructure based on RFID technology to identify forklifts and their direction of transit. This paper presents the implementation of a UHF-RFID Smart Gate with a single reader antenna with asymmetrical deployment, thus allowing the correct action classification with reduced infrastructure complexity and cost. The action classification method exploits the signal phase backscattered by RFID tags placed on the forklifts. The performance and the method capabilities are demonstrated through an on-site demonstrator in a real warehouse.

Multipolarized Reader Antenna With Periodic Units Based on Electric Field Coupling for UHF RFID Near-Field Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 5265-5271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Yao ◽  
Xiaojuan Ren ◽  
Yishan Liang ◽  
Junsheng Yu ◽  
Xiaodong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Field Coupling ◽  
Reader Antenna

scholarly journals A Compact RFID Reader Antenna for UHF Near-Field and Far-Field Operations

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lai Xiao zheng ◽  
Xie Zeming ◽  
Cen Xuanliang
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Split Ring Resonator ◽  
Impedance Bandwidth ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Linearly Polarized ◽  
Reader Antenna ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Linearly Polarized Radiation

A compact loop antenna is presented for mobile ultrahigh frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) application. This antenna, printed on a 0.8 mm thick FR4 substrate with a small size of 31 mm × 31 mm, achieves good impedance bandwidth from 897 to 928 MHz, which covers USA RFID Band (902–928 MHz). The proposed loop configuration, with a split-ring resonator (SRR) coupled inside it, demonstrates strong and uniform magnetic field distribution in the near-field antenna region. Its linearly polarized radiation pattern provides available far-field gain. Finally, the reading capabilities of antenna are up to 56 mm for near-field and 1.05 m for far-field UHF RFID operations, respectively.

scholarly journals Near Field UHF RFID Antenna System Enabling the Tracking of Small Laboratory Animals

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Catarinucci ◽  
Riccardo Colella ◽  
Luca Mainetti ◽  
Vincenzo Mighali ◽  
Luigi Patrono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Uhf Rfid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reader Antenna ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indication

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is more and more adopted in a wide range of applicative scenarios. In many cases, such as the tracking of small-size living animals for behaviour analysis purposes, the straightforward use of commercial solutions does not ensure adequate performance. Consequently, both RFID hardware and the control software should be tailored for the particular application. In this work, a novel RFID-based approach enabling an effective localization and tracking of small-sized laboratory animals is proposed. It is mainly based on a UHF Near Field RFID multiantenna system, to be placed under the animals’ cage, and able to rigorously identify the NF RFID tags implanted in laboratory animals (e.g., mice). Once the requirements of the reader antenna have been individuated, the antenna system has been designed and realized. Moreover, an algorithm based on the measured Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) aiming at removing potential ambiguities in data captured by the multiantenna system has been developed and integrated. The animal tracking system has been largely tested on phantom mice in order to verify its ability to precisely localize each subject and to reconstruct its path. The achieved and discussed results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed tracking system.

RFID, NFC, Beacons, and the Infrastructures of Logistical Locative Media

2020 ◽  
pp. 474-486
Author(s):  
Jordan Frith
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Near Field Communication ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Bluetooth Low Energy ◽  
Locative Media ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Machine Readable

The phrase the Internet of things was originally coined in a 1999 presentation about attaching radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to individual objects. These tags would make the objects machine-readable, uniquely identifiable, and, most importantly, wirelessly communicative with infrastructure. This chapter evaluates RFID as a piece of mobile communicative infrastructure, and it examines two emerging forms: near-field communication (NFC) and Bluetooth low-energy beacons. The chapter shows how NFC and Bluetooth low-energy beacons may soon move some types of RFID to smartphones, in this way evolving the use of RFID in payment and transportation and enabling new practices of post-purchasing behaviors.

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