scholarly journals A Reversible Watermarking System for Medical Color Images: Balancing Capacity, Imperceptibility, and Robustness

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1024
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Zhou ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
Qingquan Zhang ◽  
Mazin Abed Mohammed ◽  
Robertas Damaševičius
Keyword(s):  
Color Image ◽  
Medical Images ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Reversible Watermarking ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Robust Solution ◽  
Geometric Attacks ◽  
Remote Healthcare

The authenticity and integrity of medical images in telemedicine has to be protected. Robust reversible watermarking (RRW) algorithms provide copyright protection and the original images can be recovered at the receiver’s end. However, the existing algorithms have limitations in their ability to balance the tradeoff among robustness, imperceptibility, and embedded capacity. Some of them are even not completely reversible. Besides, most medical image watermarking algorithms are not designed for color images. To improve their performance in protecting medical color image information, we propose a novel RRW scheme based on the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). First, the DWT provides a robust solution. Second, the modification of the wavelet domain coefficient guarantees the changes of integer values in the spatial domain and ensures the reversibility of the watermarking scheme. Third, the embedding scheme makes full use of the characteristics of the original image and watermarking. This reduces the modification of the original image and ensures better imperceptibility. Lastly, the selection of the Zernike moments order for geometric correction is optimized to predict attack parameters more accurately by using less information. This enhances the robustness of the proposed scheme against geometric attacks such as rotation and scaling. The proposed scheme is robust against common and geometric attacks and has a high embedding capacity without obvious distortion of the image. The paper contributes towards improving the security of medical images in remote healthcare.

scholarly journals Robust Secure Color Image Watermarking Using 4D Hyperchaotic System, DWT, HbD, and SVD Based on Improved FOA Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Hira Nazir ◽  
Imran Sarwar Bajwa ◽  
Muhammad Samiullah ◽  
Waheed Anwar ◽  
Muhammad Moosa
Keyword(s):  
Color Image ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Motion Blur ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Hyperchaotic System

In the recent past, a different set of algorithms for watermarking and securing the color images have been developed by using transformation, decomposition, and optimization techniques for watermark embedding and extraction. In this paper, we propose an optimized and robust watermarking algorithm coupled with a 4D hyperchaotic system, and its performance is analyzed by extending and differentiating the existing work. Our contribution in the presented work is watermarking and securing the color images by an optimized algorithm that uses transformation technique such as Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT) and decomposition techniques such as Hessenberg decomposition (HbD) and singular value decomposition (SVD) coupled with the 4D hyperchaotic system, while the optimization is carried out by improved evolution fruit fly optimization algorithm (IEFOA). The experimental results based on different types of attacks (filter attacks, noise attacks, cropping attack, JPEG compression, motion blur, sharpening, and rotation), key sensitivity, normalized correlation, peak signal-to-noise ratio, and structural similarity index measure are done for measuring the algorithm’s performance regarding invisibility and robustness. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme has excellent invisibility and keeps a good trade-off between invisibility and robustness. The experiment results show that the proposed approach outperforms the previous approaches.

scholarly journals Reversible Watermarking in Medical Image Using RDWT and Sub-Sample

Cryptography ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 480-497
Author(s):  
Lin Gao ◽  
Tiegang Gao ◽  
Jie Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Medical Image ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Reversible Watermarking ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Watermark Embedding ◽  
Watermarking Scheme ◽  
Redundant Discrete Wavelet Transform ◽  
Image Encryption Algorithm

This paper proposed a reversible medical image watermarking scheme using Redundant Discrete Wavelet Transform (RDWT) and sub-sample. To meet the highly demand of the perceptional quality, the proposed scheme embedding the watermark by modifying the RDWT coefficients. The sub-sample scheme is introduced to the proposed scheme for the enhancement of the embedding capacity. Moreover, to meet the need of security, a PWLCM based image encryption algorithm is introduced for encrypting the image after the watermark embedding. The experimental results suggests that the proposed scheme not only meet the highly demand of the perceptional quality, but also have better embedding capacity than former DWT based scheme. Also the encryption scheme could protect the image contents efficiently.

scholarly journals A Blind Print-Recapture Robust Watermark Scheme by Calculating Self-Convolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Zhang ◽  
Rongrong Ni ◽  
Yao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Geometric Transformation ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Color Spaces ◽  
Watermark Scheme ◽  
Robust Watermark ◽  
Cie Lab

A blind print-recapture robust watermark scheme is proposed. Watermark patterns are embedded into the space domain of a color image and can be detected from a print-recaptured version of the image without knowledge of the original image. The process of embedding invisible watermarks to convert RGB color images to CIE Lab color spaces and embed periodic watermarks in both color channels at the same time. Watermark extraction is achieved by calculating self-convolution and inverting the geometric transformation such as rotation and scale. Normalized correlation coefficients between the extracted and the embedded watermark pattern is calculated to determine whether there is watermark. The decision about the presence/absence of the watermark pattern is then determined by a threshold which is set 0.13, and the detection rate of 241 pictures is about 0.79.

scholarly journals Blind Color Image Watermarking Using Fan Beam Transform and QR Decomposition

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 486
Author(s):  
Pranab Kumar Dhar ◽  
Pulak Hazra ◽  
Tetsuya Shimamura
Keyword(s):  
Color Image ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Triangular Matrix ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Qr Decomposition ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Color Image Watermarking ◽  
Multimedia Contents

Digital watermarking has been utilized effectively for copyright protection of multimedia contents. This paper suggests a blind symmetric watermarking algorithm using fan beam transform (FBT) and QR decomposition (QRD) for color images. At first, the original image is transferred from RGB to L*a*b* color model and FBT is applied to b* component. Then the b*component of the original image is split into m × m non-overlapping blocks and QRD is conducted to each block. Watermark data is placed into the selected coefficient of the upper triangular matrix using a new embedding function. Simulation results suggest that the presented algorithm is extremely robust against numerous attacks, and also yields watermarked images with high quality. Furthermore, it represents more excellent performance compared with the recent state-of-the-art algorithms for robustness and imperceptibility. The normalized correlation (NC) of the proposed algorithm varies from 0.8252 to 1, the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) varies from 54.1854 to 54.1892, and structural similarity (SSIM) varies from 0.9285 to 0.9696, respectively. In contrast, the NC of the recent state-of-the-art algorithms varies from 0.5193 to 1, PSNR varies from 38.5471 to 52.64, and SSIM varies from 0.9311 to 0.9663, respectively.

A New Robust Color Image Watermarking Based on DWT and DRT

2013 ◽  
Vol 278-280 ◽  
pp. 1366-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Teng ◽  
Xiu Feng Qiu ◽  
Jian Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Color Image Watermarking ◽  
Ridgelet Transform ◽  
Color Image Watermark ◽  
Robust Image ◽  
Watermarking Scheme

The copyright protection of multimedia information is more and more important in the digital age, digital watermarking is a solution to address the topic. This paper proposes a new robust image watermarking scheme based on discrete ridgelet transform (DRT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The scheme respectively embeds a copy of color image watermark into DWT domain and DRT domain, and uses a conception of semi-watermark. Experiment results demonstrate that the watermark can resist various attacks such as adding Gaussian or Union Distribution Noise, JPEG compression, brightness adjustment, contrast adjustment, altering color balance, lens blur, zooming in or out, cropping and some combined attacks etc.

scholarly journals Robust Visual Digital Data Authentication using Hybrid Transform with Human Visual System Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyanarayana Murty. P ◽  
Purna Ramesh Addanki
Keyword(s):  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Reference Image ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Geometric Attacks ◽  
Data Authentication ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Value Decomposition ◽  
System Characteristics

Abstract Robust watermarking proposals supported on human visual characteristics with a series of hybrid transform of type discrete wavelet transform (DWT) followed by singular value decomposition (SVD) is wished-for. By analyzing the matrices U or V through SVD, it is bringing into being that there stay alive a well-built relationship amid the internal column elements of U or internal row elements of V. Hence, this work will make the most of these chattels for image watermarking. At the outset, visual digital data is segregated into 8 × 8 non-overlapping pixel blocks and each block is processed for brinks by using the algorithm of detection for a canny brink. An appropriate block is decided to pick in such a way that the number of brinks in each block is only about or equal to a threshold. A threshold is defined by finding the mean of the brinks in each block of the host visual digital data. Using these appropriate blocks, we will form an image of reference. This reference image is processed by a series of operations DWT-SVD. Then, the watermark is implanted by adapting the nth column of the U matrix of the host image with the nth column of the U matrix of the watermark image. The same operation is applied on the V matrix instead of a column vector, use a row vector. The adapted relation is wont to retrieve a watermark. The experimental findings demonstrate that the ideal watermarking algorithm will guarantee that the typical image processing operations and geometric attacks are invisible and more stable. The efficiency of this proposed method is out of shape than other proposed methods examined in this research.

Reversible Watermarking in Digital Image Using PVO and RDWT

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-55
Author(s):  
Lin Gao ◽  
Tiegang Gao ◽  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Yonglei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Visual Masking ◽  
Image Watermarking ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Reversible Watermarking ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Digital Image Watermarking ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Watermarking Scheme ◽  
Redundant Discrete Wavelet Transform

This article proposed a reversible digital image watermarking scheme using PVO and Redundant Discrete Wavelet Transform (RDWT). The PVO was introduce to the proposed scheme to enhance the embedding capacity. By embedding the watermark in the RDWT coefficients, the proposed scheme exploited the visual masking property of RDWT to achieve better visual quality. Also, the proposed scheme has better performance on embedding capacity because the RDWT has several sub-band coefficients for embedding. The experimental results on natural and medical images suggests that the proposed scheme could meet the demand of perceptional quality with better embedding capacity than former schemes.

A New Robust Reversible Blind Watermarking in Wavelet-Domain for Color Images

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 1650006 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Manimehalai ◽  
P. Arockia Jansi Rani
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Reversible Watermarking ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Blind Watermarking ◽  
Wavelet Domain ◽  
Wavelet Coefficients ◽  
Recovered Image ◽  
Host Image

Reversible watermarking methods are used for copyright protection and are able to recover the host image without distortion. Robust reversible watermarking technique should resist against intentional and unintentional image processing attacks. Robust reversible watermarking techniques should have three features namely imperceptibility, reversibility and robustness. In this paper, it is proposed to develop a new robust reversible blind watermarking for color images based on histogram construction of the wavelet coefficients constructed from the cover image. In the proposed approach, the red component of a host color image is decomposed into wavelet coefficients. Motivated by the excellent spatio-frequency localization properties of wavelets, this technique is proposed in the wavelet domain. The pixels are adjusted before watermark embedding such that both overflow and underflow of pixels during embedding is avoided and image is recovered without distortion. Based on histogram construction and the local sensitivity of Human Visual System (HVS) in wavelet domain, the watermark is embedded. For watermark extraction without host image, k-means clustering algorithm is proposed. The experimental results show that the proposed technique has good performance in terms of reversibility and robustness with the high quality of the watermarked image. The PSNR value of the recovered image is around 48[Formula: see text]dB which proves that the quality of the recovered image is not degraded.

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