scholarly journals Descriptive study of emotional variables elderly people

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Igone Etxeberria
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Passive Strategies ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Emotional functioning (positive and negative affect, life satisfaction, loneliness and regulation strategies) of centenarians compared to younger adults was analyzed (65-74, 75-84, and 85-94 years old). This study was conducted with 257 older adults cognitively healthy and independent for the performance of the Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Results showed a decrease in positive affect in comparison with 65 to 74 and 75 to 84 age groups, but not with 85 to 94. Centenarians also showed less negative affect and increased life satisfaction (in comparison with the youngest age group). In comparison with 65 to 74 and 75 to 84 age groups centenarians experimented higher loneliness. In regard to regulation strategies, in general, centenarians use less proactive strategies and problem solving while more passive strategies at least when regulating sadness. In conclusion, despite experiencing less positive affect and a higher loneliness, less negative affect and a higher life satisfaction was observed among centenarians. In addition, centenarians use proactive strategies less and passive strategies more.

scholarly journals Descriptive study of emotional variables elderly people

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Igone Etxeberria
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Passive Strategies ◽  
Regulation Strategies

Emotional functioning (positive and negative affect, life satisfaction, loneliness and regulation strategies) of centenarians compared to younger adults was analyzed (65-74, 75-84, and 85-94 years old). This study was conducted with 257 older adults cognitively healthy and independent for the performance of the Activities of Daily Living (ADL). Results showed a decrease in positive affect in comparison with 65 to 74 and 75 to 84 age groups, but not with 85 to 94. Centenarians also showed less negative affect and increased life satisfaction (in comparison with the youngest age group). In comparison with 65 to 74 and 75 to 84 age groups centenarians experimented higher loneliness. In regard to regulation strategies, in general, centenarians use less proactive strategies and problem solving while more passive strategies at least when regulating sadness. In conclusion, despite experiencing less positive affect and a higher loneliness, less negative affect and a higher life satisfaction was observed among centenarians. In addition, centenarians use proactive strategies less and passive strategies more.

scholarly journals LINKS BETWEEN POSITIVE AFFECT AND DISENGAGEMENT FROM NEGATIVE STIMULI IN YOUNGER AND OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S307-S307
Author(s):  
Kathryn L Ossenfort ◽  
Derek M Isaacowitz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Attentional Disengagement ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Negative Stimuli

Abstract Older adults attend to more positive than negative content compared to younger adults; this “age-related positivity” effect is often thought of as a way older adults may be regulating their moods. However, attentional disengagement abilities decline with age, which may make positive looking more challenging for older adults in some cases. To evaluate links between early attentional processes and affect, 48 younger adult and 49 older adult participants reported levels of positive and negative affect on the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and completed a spatial cueing task evaluating attentional orienting and disengagement from emotional stimuli. Participants were tasked with responding to the location of a spatial target after seeing a cue (emotional image) that either appeared on the same (orienting) or opposite (disengagement) side of the screen. Multilevel modeling analyses were conducted using age and self-reported affect from the PANAS as predictors at level-2, and trial characteristics as predictors at level-1. Positive affect (PA) was unrelated to task performance for younger adults. Older adults reporting higher PA responded more slowly overall, and higher PA scores predicted similar response times to positive and negative stimuli on both trial types. Older adults reporting lower PA oriented attention more quickly to positive stimuli, but took longer to disengage from negative. These results suggest that there may be a relationship between the ability to flexibly disengage from negative content and PA for older, but not younger adults, and also highlight the importance of teasing apart specific attentional processes when evaluating positivity effects.

scholarly journals The Influencing Mechanism of Social Effort-Reward Imbalance on Life Satisfaction among Aging Workforces in the United States: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13957
Author(s):  
Xinqi Lin ◽  
Yongchuang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Influencing Mechanism ◽  
Effort Reward Imbalance ◽  
Reward Imbalance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Social Effort

Improving life satisfaction is consistent with the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals. Although there are many studies examining life satisfaction, research on the influencing mechanisms remains a hot topic and scholars hope to explore more aspects that improve life satisfaction. The purpose was to explore how the relationship between social effort-reward imbalance and life satisfaction are mediated by positive and negative affect. We collected longitudinal data from 909 respondents participating in the 2008 and 2012 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). We used the first-order difference method and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis to evaluate the validity of the proposed hypotheses. Our results demonstrated that social effort-reward imbalance was positively related to negative affect, and negatively related to positive affect. Positive affect was positively related to life satisfaction, while negative affect was negatively related to life satisfaction. The findings also indicated that positive and negative affect completely mediated the relationship between social effort-reward imbalance and life satisfaction. This study has made a contribution to the research on the influencing mechanism of life satisfaction from the aspects of theory and practice. Longitudinal data ensured that the conclusions were more reliable so that the study could provide useful suggestions for improving life satisfaction.

A Psychometric Comparison of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule across Age and Sex

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 861-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey N. Molloy ◽  
Julie F. Pallant ◽  
Aristotle Kantas
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Statistical Properties ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Adolescent Sample ◽  
Age And Sex

This study examined factorial and other psychometric characteristics of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule in relation to mixed-sex youth ( n: 234) and adult ( n: 436) samples. Broadly, the results for both age groups were supportive of commonly reported statistical properties of the schedule. Although two factors were plainly identified, they were not clearly endorsed for either age group by confirmatory indices of fit. Within the adolescent sample, sex differences in response to the scales were noted.

scholarly journals Influence of Gratitude and Materialism on Two Different Conceptualizations of Subjective Well-being

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rogelio Puente-Díaz ◽  
Judith Cavazos-Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Independent Components ◽  
First Order

The present investigation examined the influence of materialism and gratitude on subjective well-being under two different conceptualizations of this construct: subjective well-being as a construct with three independent components and subjective well-being as a second other factor with three first order factors. 386 participants from Mexico completed a battery of questionnaires measuring gratitude, materialism, positive and negative affect and life satisfaction. Results showed a negative influence of materialism on positive affect, life satisfaction and overall sense of subjective well-being and a positive influence on negative affect. Gratitude had a positive influence on positive affect, life satisfaction and overall sense of subjective well-being. Results also showed that gratitude did not influence negative affect directly, but indirectly through its influence on overall sense of subjective well-being. The implications of our findings were discussed.

scholarly journals Distinct Associations of Hedonic and Eudaimonic Motives with Well-Being: Mediating Role of Self-Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5547
Author(s):  
Zhijia Zeng ◽  
Hezhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
College Freshmen ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Mediating Role

The pursuit of hedonia and eudaimonia are two ways to fulfill the goal of a “good life”. While some studies report that both hedonic and eudaimonic motives improve well-being, others suggest that hedonic motives are counterproductive, raising the question of whether and why eudaimonic motives are more positively associated with well-being. We aimed to identify the distinct associations of hedonic and eudaimonic motives with well-being and investigate whether they are partly mediated by self-control. A total of 2882 college freshmen (1835 females, 1047 males, mean age 18.16 years) completed measures assessing hedonic and eudaimonic motives, self-control, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect, and eudaimonic well-being. Eudaimonic motives were associated with higher life satisfaction, more positive affect, less negative affect, and better eudaimonic well-being. In contrast, hedonic motives were positively associated with life satisfaction, while also being correlated with a greater degree of negative affect and impaired eudaimonic well-being. Self-control mediated the relationships between hedonic and eudaimonic motives and well-being. Eudaimonic and hedonic motives were positively and negatively related to self-control, respectively. Further, high self-control was associated with greater life satisfaction, positive affect, and eudaimonic well-being and lower negative affect. Thus, eudaimonic motives can lead to a better life than hedonic motives because the former enhance self-control, while the latter lower it.

scholarly journals The Onset of Falls Reduces Subjective Well-Being. Findings of a Nationally Representative Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Hajek ◽  
Hans-Helmut König
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Older Individuals

Introduction: The prevalence of older individuals experiencing a fall is high. Moreover, falls can have deleterious effects on health status. Additionally, falls can affect the subjective well-being of individuals. However, there is a lack of studies examining the link between falls and subjective well-being. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether the onset of falling is associated with (intraindividual) decreases in subjective well-being in men and women.Materials and Methods: Longitudinal data (from wave 5 to wave 6) were taken from a population-based sample of individuals residing in private households in Germany [in our analytical sample: 3,906 observations (men), and 3,718 observations (women)]. Positive and negative affect were quantified using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Life satisfaction was assessed using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).Results: Adjusting for various potential confounders, fixed effects regressions showed that the onset of falls was associated with a decrease in positive affect (β = 0.08, p < 0.01), and an increase in negative affect (β = 0.07, p < 0.01) among men. While the onset of falls was not associated with changes in positive affect in women, it was associated with a decrease in negative affect in women (β = 0.06, p < 0.05). Sex differences were significant. The onset of falls was not associated with decreases in life satisfaction in men, nor in women.Discussion: The present study particularly highlights the link between the onset of falls and reduced affective well-being among men. Avoiding falls may contribute to maintaining affective well-being among middle-aged and older men.

scholarly journals Kesejahteraan Subjektif Mahasiswa dimasa Pandemi Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naila Kamaliya ◽  
Hari Setyowibowo ◽  
Surya Cahyadi
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Domain Satisfaction ◽  
Life Scale

Pemberlakuan jaga jarak fisik untuk mengurangi penyebaran Covid-19 telah berdampak pada seluruh lapisan masyarakat termasuk mahasiswa. Pemerintah Indonesia menghentikan aktivitas pembelajaran tatap muka dan diganti dengan pembelajaran daring pada perguruan tinggi yang terdampak Covid-19. Perubahan aktivitas secara tiba-tiba memungkinkan untuk berdampak pada kondisi mahasiswa pula, seperti keadaan kesejahteraan subjektif mahasiswa. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai gambaran atau keadaan kesejahteraan subjektif mahasiswa dimasa pandemi Covid-19 dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Partisipan penelitian ini melibatkan 112 mahasiswa yang tersebar pada delapan pulau di Indonesia, dan diambil melalui teknik accidental sampling.  Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) dan Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). Analisis data menggunakan analisis kuantitaif deskriptif univariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  responden dalam penelitian ini (N = 112) paling banyak memiliki skor kesejahteraan subjektif pada kategori sedang (53,6%), rendah (17.9%), dan tinggi (28.6%). Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa banyak mahasiswa yang mengevaluasi kehidupannya cukup positif, yaitu merasa cukup puas dengan kehidupannya serta seimbang dalam merasakan emosi positif dan negatif. Selain itu, mayoritas mahasiswa berada dikategori sedang pada dimensi life satisfaction (53,6%), kategori tinggi pada dimensi domain satisfaction (64,3%), kategori tinggi pada dimensi positive affect (54,5%), pada dimensi negative affect mayoritas berada pada kategori sedang dan rendah dengan prosentase yang sama (36,6%). Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan informasi ilmiah sebagai landasan untuk program pemberdayaan mahasiswa agar lebih tangguh dan adaptif selama dan pasca pandemi Covid-19.

scholarly journals Positive and Negative Affect Mediate the Relationship Between Memory Lapses and Life Satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 576-576
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Mogle ◽  
Nikki Hill ◽  
Sakshi Bharhava ◽  
Laura Rabin ◽  
Jennifer Turner
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Multilevel Modeling ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Aging is associated with declines and challenges, yet better subjective well-being. Life satisfaction is one aspect of well-being that may be sensitive to daily challenges. Daily memory lapses (e.g., forgetting words or meetings) are common and relevant for many adults. How individuals emotionally respond to challenges like memory lapses is a factor that could determine whether these experiences affect well-being. In a coordinated analysis of two datasets (N=561; ages 25-93 years) using multilevel modeling, we examined whether affective changes related to memory lapses mediated the relationship between memory lapses and life satisfaction. Results were similar across datasets: memory lapses were associated with reduced positive affect and increased negative affect. These associated affective changes also mediated the relationship between lapses and life satisfaction. We discuss the potential implications of our findings for linking proximal events and distal outcomes, and potentially intervening and identifying common challenges to mitigate broad reductions in well-being.

Discontented people: reactivity and locus of control as determinants of subjective well‐being

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Klonowicz
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
External Locus ◽  
Internal Locus Of Control

This study examines the effects of reactivity temperament and locus of control variables on subjective well‐being (SWB). SWB is operationalized as positive affect, the absence of somatic concerns, and heightened life satisfaction. The study hypotheses were that (1) reactivity and locus of control influenced SWB and that (2) affect either mediated or moderated the influence of these traits on SWB. As expected, high reactivity and external locus of control were associated with lower SWB, whereas low reactivity and internal locus of control were associated with higher SWB. However, the data indicate that reactivity and locus of control influenced different components of SWB and that locus of control predicted SWB more consistently than reactivity. Somatic health is influenced by reactivity, locus of control and negative affect, but not positive affect. Current life satisfaction is influenced by locus of control—but not reactivity—and by both positive and negative affect. Hope is related to reactivity but not to either locus of control or affect. The data corroborate the expectation that affect serves as a mediator in the trait—SWB relations, whereas the view that affect moderates the effect of stable dispositions on SWB finds scant support. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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