scholarly journals Comparing the Use of Two Different Model Approaches on Students’ Understanding of DNA Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Mierdel ◽  
Franz X. Bogner
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ninth Graders ◽  
Scientific Models ◽  
Multiple Models ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Dna Models ◽  
Models In Science ◽  
School Laboratory

As effective methods to foster students’ understanding of scientific models in science education are needed, increased reflection on thinking about models is regarded as a relevant competence associated with scientific literacy. Our study focuses on the influence of model-based approaches (modeling vs. model viewing) in an out-of-school laboratory module on the students’ understanding of scientific models. A mixed method design examines three subsections of the construct: (1) students’ reasoning about multiple models in science, (2) students’ understanding of models as exact replicas, and (3) students’ understanding of the changing nature of models. There were 293 ninth graders from Bavarian grammar schools that participated in our hands-on module using creative model-based tasks. An open-ended test item evaluated the students’ understanding of “multiple models” (MM). We defined five categories with a majority of students arguing that the individuality of DNA structure leads to various DNA models (modelers = 36.3%, model viewers = 41.1%). Additionally, when applying two subscales of the quantitative instrument Students’ Understanding of Models in Science (SUMS) at three testing points (before, after, and delayed-after participation), a short- and mid-term decrease for the subscale “models as exact replicas” (ER) appeared, while mean scores increased short- and mid-term for the subscale “the changing nature of models” (CNM). Despite the lack of differences between the two approaches, a positive impact of model-based learning on students’ understanding of scientific models was observed.

Project Based Learning Model Based on Simple Teaching Tools and Critical Thinking Skills

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyu Widyaningsih ◽  
Irfan Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Critical Thinking Skills ◽  
Laboratory School ◽  
Teaching Tools ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Language Writing ◽  
School Laboratory ◽  
Research Type

<em>This study aims to determine the application of PjBL model based on simple props and critical thinking skills of students in the School Laboratory course. This research uses research type Pre-Experimental Design with sample of all students of semester II which programmed Laboratory School on even semester 2016/2017 in </em><em>Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Papua. The results showed that the props designed by students 74.0% ± SD 4.2 or are in a good category. Assessment of practical worksheet covers the aspect of format, content, language/writing, and benefits/functions obtained 80.3% ± SD 7.4 or are in the very good category. Critical thinking skills of the students during the learning that is 66.7% ± SD 4.9 or are in a good category. Therefore the application of PjBL learning based on simple props can be used to develop critical thinking skills.</em>

scholarly journals A Reference Framework to Combine Model-Based Design and AR to Improve Social Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2031
Author(s):  
Fabio Grandi ◽  
Riccardo Karim Khamaisi ◽  
Margherita Peruzzini ◽  
Roberto Raffaeli ◽  
Marcello Pellicciari
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Digital Contents ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Virtual Simulations ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Information

Product and process digitalization is pervading numerous areas in the industry to improve quality and reduce costs. In particular, digital models enable virtual simulations to predict product and process performances, as well as to generate digital contents to improve the general workflow. Digital models can also contain additional contents (e.g., model-based design (MBD)) to provide online and on-time information about process operations and management, as well as to support operator activities. The recent developments in augmented reality (AR) offer new specific interfaces to promote the great diffusion of digital contents into industrial processes, thanks to flexible and robust applications, as well as cost-effective devices. However, the impact of AR applications on sustainability is still poorly explored in research. In this direction, this paper proposed an innovative approach to exploit MBD and introduce AR interfaces in the industry to support human intensive processes. Indeed, in those processes, the human contribution is still crucial to guaranteeing the expected product quality (e.g., quality inspection). The paper also analyzed how this new concept can benefit sustainability and define a set of metrics to assess the positive impact on sustainability, focusing on social aspects.

Setting up a successful nurse-led intravitreal injections service: pearls from Swindon

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (20) ◽  
pp. 1178-1185
Author(s):  
Hani Hasan ◽  
Sunil Mamtora ◽  
Nimish Shah
Keyword(s):  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Intravitreal Injections ◽  
Nurse Training ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Number Of Injections

The demand for performing intravitreal injections has increased in recent years, prompting the need for more nurse training in their administration. The Great Western Hospitals NHS Trust in Swindon has developed a structured nurse training programme and now has 8 independent nurse injectors trained to undertake injections independently; nurse practitioners now contribute upwards of 85% of the total number of injections. The authors have also demonstrated the financial benefits of using injection assistant devices and shown the positive impact such devices have on training. In September 2019, the authors organised the first course to offer nurses and doctors hands-on experience in administering injections, using the Swindon training model to provide participants with a structured approach to learn how to perform intravitreal injections safely. Nurses made up 96% of participants; the remainder were doctors and managers; 6% had never performed an intravitreal injection; of units where they had, disposable drapes and a speculum were used in 71% of these. The number of injections performed per session at participants' units at the time they attended the course was: 17 or more injections=46%, 13–14=39%, and 11–12=15%. The course was rated 8.9/10 overall for content, with 85% very likely to recommend it to colleagues. All participants indicated that using the Swindon model made them feel confident to deliver injections safely. The authors demonstrated that using a structured training protocol and intravitreal assistant device improves the quality of nurse training and increases confidence in administering intravitreal injections.

Stream-based explainable recommendations via blockchain profiling

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Fátima Leal ◽  
Bruno Veloso ◽  
Benedita Malheiro ◽  
Juan Carlos Burguillo ◽  
Adriana E. Chis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Recommendation Systems ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Collaborative Filter ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Collaborative Recommendation ◽  
Smart Contract ◽  
User Trust

Explainable recommendations enable users to understand why certain items are suggested and, ultimately, nurture system transparency, trustworthiness, and confidence. Large crowdsourcing recommendation systems ought to crucially promote authenticity and transparency of recommendations. To address such challenge, this paper proposes the use of stream-based explainable recommendations via blockchain profiling. Our contribution relies on chained historical data to improve the quality and transparency of online collaborative recommendation filters – Memory-based and Model-based – using, as use cases, data streamed from two large tourism crowdsourcing platforms, namely Expedia and TripAdvisor. Building historical trust-based models of raters, our method is implemented as an external module and integrated with the collaborative filter through a post-recommendation component. The inter-user trust profiling history, traceability and authenticity are ensured by blockchain, since these profiles are stored as a smart contract in a private Ethereum network. Our empirical evaluation with HotelExpedia and Tripadvisor has consistently shown the positive impact of blockchain-based profiling on the quality (measured as recall) and transparency (determined via explanations) of recommendations.

A Framework for Engineering Dissection Exercise Creation and Implementation

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Hart ◽  
Steven B. Shooter ◽  
Charles J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Rigorous Approach ◽  
Engineering Activity ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Different Levels

Hands-on product dissection and reverse engineering exercises have been shown to have a positive impact on engineering education, and many universities have incorporated such exercises in their curriculum. The CIBER-U project seeks to examine the potential to utilize cyberinfrastructure to enhance these active-learning exercises. We have formulated a framework for product dissection and reverse engineering activity creation to support a more rigorous approach to assessing other exercises for satisfaction of the CIBER-U project goals and adapting the best practices. This framework is driven by the fulfillment of learning outcomes and considers the maturity of students at different levels. Prototype exercises developed with the framework are presented. The approach is sufficiently general that it can be applied to the consideration and adaption of other types of exercises while ensuring satisfaction of the established goals.

Applied Situated Learning Theory to Investigate Effect of Global Warming Awareness Education in College - Quantitative Case Study with Experimental Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2490-2495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Ya Chang ◽  
Sue Ling Lai
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Situated Learning ◽  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Green Education ◽  
Quantitative Case Study ◽  
Education Courses

Targeting at students randomly selected across all departments and all years at one university located in northern Taiwan, this research based on hierarchical regression analysis aims to investigate whether or not global warming awareness education exerts a positive effect on research participants’ energy-saving cognition and attitude. the results indicate that the 8 hypotheses proposed are all supported. Firstly, green education courses and global warming awareness videos have significantly positive impact on participants’ cognition and attitude as compare to their peers who did not take the courses or view the videos. Secondly, the participants’ scientific literacy positively influences their energy-saving cognition, which in turn positively impacts on energy-saving attitude. Furthermore, energy-saving cognition plays a completely intermediate role between scientific literacy and energy-saving attitude. Results mentioned conclude the contributions of this research.

scholarly journals Schools of Democracy? Giving Circles and the Civic and Political Participation of Collaborative Philanthropists

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-130
Author(s):  
Angela M. Eikenberry
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Voluntary Association ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
Giving Circles ◽  
The U.S

AbstractSocial transformations around the world have increased the need for philanthropy and motivated people to become more active at the local level. Giving circles have emerged from this context, providing a hands-on, “do-it-yourself” approach to philanthropy. They involve individuals collaborating to support causes of mutual interest and frequently include social, educational, and engagement opportunities for members. In this research, I focus on understanding if participation in these new forms of philanthropic voluntary association lead to greater civic and political participation. That is, do giving circles serve as schools of democracy? I draw on survey data from current and past members of giving circles and donors outside these circles, as well as interviews with giving circle members, in the U.S. and U.K. The findings suggest that giving circles have a positive impact on giving, volunteering, and efforts to address problems in the community, but little effect on participation in changing government policy or other political activities.

scholarly journals The Inherent Limitation of Model Based Approach of Physical Sciences to Understand Universe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jivesh Adhlakha
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Reasoning ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Scientific Models ◽  
Correct Description ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Inherent Limitation ◽  
Model Based

In this paper, through logical and mathematical reasoning, I have shown that the current ways in Physical Sciences, especially Physics, are not only limited but may also be delusional. Moreover, if not corrected, Physical Sciences will always remain as framework for building explanatory models rather than describing the reality. Through a series of arguments, I propose a conjecture theorem – Dilemma Theorem of Scientific Models- which essentially implies that it is impossible for Physical Sciences to discover and claim the correct description of Physical World using current model based approach, hence, making them just an attempt to discover probable models and their applications, rather than a way to find true picture of Physical World.

Natural scientific literacy in biology assignments formed by the teacher

2021 ◽  
pp. 130-151
Author(s):  
Elena Yuryevna Pimonova ◽  
◽  
Tatyana Vasilevna Rybakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Science ◽  
Scientific Literacy ◽  
Science Literacy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Functional Literacy ◽  
Educational Achievements

The article is devoted to the actual problem of independent construction by teachers of tasks for the formation and assessment of the formation of natural science literacy within the content of the school biology course. Natural science literacy is a component of functional literacy – the central concept of the modern approach to determining educational achievements in the world practice of research of educational systems of different countries. The purpose of the article is to present the results of the study of identifying problems and approaches to the design of tasks aimed at the formation of natural science literacy within the framework of the educational subject “biology”. For this purpose, the concepts of tasks for the formation and assessment of the formation of natural science literacy in the framework of the PISA study are considered, as well as strategies for constructing such tasks are developed. The paper provides an example of step-by-step implementation of the developed strategies, author’s tasks with detailed characteristics of the questions. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were formed that it is possible to distinguish a sequence of actions for designing tasks and the availability of these actions for teachers. The experience of designing tasks will have a positive impact on the efficiency of including tasks in the educational process.

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