scholarly journals Heuristics Hindering the Development of Understanding of Molecular Structures in University Level Chemistry Education: The Lewis Structure as an Example

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Maarit Karonen ◽  
Mari Murtonen ◽  
Ilona Södervik ◽  
Marianna Manninen ◽  
Mikko Salomäki
Keyword(s):  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Chemical Models ◽  
Formal Charge ◽  
Post Test ◽  
University Level ◽  
Drawing Tasks ◽  
Systemic Understanding ◽  
Lewis Structures

Understanding chemical models can be challenging for many university students studying chemistry. This study analysed students’ understanding of molecular structures using the Lewis structure as a model, and examined what hinders their understanding. We conducted pre- and post-tests to analyse students’ conceptions and changes in them. The measures contained multiple-choice questions and drawing tasks testing their understanding of concepts, such as polarity, geometry, charge or formal charge and expanded octet. The pre-test revealed a lack of knowledge and several misconceptions in students’ prior knowledge. For example, the concept of polarity was well-known, but the combination of polarity and geometry appeared to be difficult. For some students, the representation of molecules was intuitive and lacking a systematic approach. Certain students used mnemonics and draw ball-and-stick models connected to surficial representations. After the chemistry courses, the conceptions and drawings had generally changed, and the level of the students’ knowledge increased markedly. Although, fewer ball-and-stick models were drawn in the post-test, some students still used them. The main result was that students who drew ball-and-stick models in the pre-test were less capable of drawing the correct Lewis structures with electrons in the post-test. In addition, heuristics seem to hinder learning and some concepts, such as resonance, remained difficult. This is probably due to the fact that understanding molecular structures requires systemic understanding, where several matters must be understood at the same time. Our study highlights that the understanding of molecular structures requires conceptual change related to several sub-concepts.

THE EFFECT OF ONLINE VIDEO BLOG ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT OF PASSIVE VOICE IN 4J OPERATION KENDARI

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Raden Alifian Setiawan ◽  
Hanna Hanna ◽  
Alberth Alberth
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Real World ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Online Video ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Passive Voice ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Post Test

The use of videos in education makes it possible to overcome practical real-world constraints and explore far greater possibilities provided by digital spaces, especially for the video uploaded in online platform such as blog. This study examines whether online video blog as media have a significant effect on students’ achievement of passive voice. It used pre-experimental (one group pre-test and post-test) design. The samples of this study were 10 students at 4J Operation. A pre-test and post-test were conducted by using multiple choice questions as the instruments. Data analysis was through paired-sample t-test. Results showed that there was an increase in mean score of pre-test (49,1) and post-test (63,5). Data from Paired Sample t-test showed that Sig. (2-tailed) was 0.000 which was smaller than .05 which means that there was significance difference in mean score after employing treatment.

scholarly journals Visualizing molecular structures and shapes: a comparison of virtual reality, computer simulation, and traditional modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina E. Brown ◽  
Ben Whaley ◽  
Richard M. Hyslop
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Molecular Geometry ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chemistry Students ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three methods used to assist in teaching molecular geometry to college chemistry students. A pre- and post-test quasi-experiment was used to collect data about students’ performance in a given chemistry exercise. One research question was intended to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the three methods in assisting students to understand the topic and carry out the exercise correctly, and a second research question addressed students’ attitudes towards the use of Virtual Reality (VR) in chemistry education. Results show a positive attitude towards the use of VR as an assisting tool to aid in understanding chemistry concepts. While the difference among the three methods was not significant, the results show that the VR brought more enthusiasm and positive attitudes toward the topic of molecular geometry among the students. Educational implications and recommendations for future research are presented as well.

scholarly journals An Attempt at Promoting Undergraduate Sudanese EFL Students’ Performance in Academic Writing Skills

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammar Mohammed Ahmed Mudawy
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Extensive Reading ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
University Level

The study aims at suggesting effective methods and techniques that could improve English as a foreign language EFL students’ performance in writing skills. The researcher uses the descriptive, analytical method. Four tools were adopted pretest, post-test, supporting program, and a questionnaire for teachers for collecting data. Twenty-five students in Holy Quran University, Sudan, were chosen purposively, and thirty EFL teachers at a university level were randomly selected as a sample for the study. Ninty percent of the teachers agree on the suggested program and techniques. The findings of the study indicate that: using varied techniques and activities in pre-writing stage promotes students’ performances in writing, integration of reading and writing skills in the classroom improves students’ writing skills, as well as encouraging extensive reading outside the classroom promotes students’ performance in writing skills. Accordingly, the researcher recommends that: teachers should focus on the prewriting stage through different activities as well as reading and writing should be used in an integrated way in-class writing to guide the writing process.

Chemical Bonding 1: Basic Concepts

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-101
Author(s):  
Christopher O. Oriakhi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lattice Energy ◽  
Bond Polarity ◽  
Formal Charge ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Lewis Structures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Octet Rule

Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts examines general ideas of chemical bonding between atoms and ions and how this bonding affects the chemical properties of the elements. An overview of Lewis symbols, Lewis structures and the octet rule is presented including the role of valence electrons in ionic and covalent bonding. The energy changes that accompany ionic bond formation are also discussed with emphasis on lattice energy. The chapter covers guidelines and general procedures for writing Lewis structures or electron dot formulas for molecular compounds and polyatomic ions. The concepts and applications of resonance, formal charge and exceptions to the octet rules are presented, along with coverage of the relationship between bond polarity and electronegativity.

scholarly journals Analysis of Understanding of First-Year Chemistry Education Students on Molecular Forces Topic

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Muhammad Miqdam Musawwa ◽  
Beta Wulan Febriana ◽  
Widinda Normalia Arlianty
Keyword(s):  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Student Understanding ◽  
First Year ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Study Program ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Concept Understanding ◽  
Molecular Forces ◽  
Material Concept

This research aims to investigate the concept understanding of first year students of study program chemistry education, faculty of mathematics and natural sciences, Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The sample used in this study was 49 students. Data collection instruments used are multiple choice questions.  The results of the study show that there are still many students who have difficulty in determining the example of the force between molecules that occurs in several molecules. Students also have difficulty in determining the molecuar forces between molecules from the example case given. The level of student understanding in the material concept of moleculecular forces is classified intermediate.

scholarly journals An experience of workshop on introduction to statistical methods and SPSS hands-on training to enhance analytical skills among research professionals

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4337
Author(s):  
Laxmi Tellur ◽  
Vijaya Sorganvi ◽  
M. C. Yadavannavar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

Background: In a current scenario, research project and writing a thesis is one of the most important components of PG and Ph.D. studies and a potential area where the students are challenged by lack of structured guidance. Thus the workshop on “Introduction to Statistical Methods & ‘SPSS’ Hands-on Training” was conducted with the objectives, to know the impact of workshop and to obtain suggestions for improvement.Methods: The workshop on “Introduction to Statistical Methods & ‘SPSS’ Hands-on Training” conducted during 7-9 November, 2016 by the Department of Community Medicine, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre in collaboration with University of Manitoba, Canada. The effectiveness of the workshop was assessed by pre-and-post tests using Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQ). Analysis was done using paired t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results: A total of thirty six participants attended the sessions. The overall participant opinion about the workshop was positive. Majority of the participants were female. Majority of the participants were in the age group of 30-35 years (33%), followed by 25-30 years (28%). Majority of participants were MBBS (31%), MD (28%), other degree faulty members (22%) and PhD (22%). The mean score in pre-and-post-test was 12.52±6.17 and 13.98±6.50 respectively (Range=2-27) and was found significant difference in the scores between pre-and-post-tests (p=0.002).Conclusions: The recommendations and suggestions given by workshop participants were to increase the duration of the workshop. Participants were satisfied with the teaching methodology in the workshops. 

scholarly journals THINK-PAIR-SHARE: ITS IMPLEMENTATION TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ CAPABILITY ON UNDERSTANDING GRAMMAR ON THE SECOND SEMESTER STUDENTS OF STKIP SILIWANGI

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningtyas Orilina Argawati
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
English As Foreign Language ◽  
Grammar Learning ◽  
Teacher Needs ◽  
Post Test ◽  
University Level ◽  
Abstract Learning ◽  
Learning English

Abstract Learning English as foreign language is considered difficult because it has its own systems and aspects that completely different from our mother tongue, such as the grammar, pronunciation, vocabulary, and cultural background of the language. Vocabuary is an important skill since we can not deliver meaning without words. However, learning English is not dealing only on vocabulary but also on grammar. Learning grammar becomes important since grammar can determine meaning of sentences. In the level of University students, it is quite difficult to make the students master all of the theme on grammar in one semester. Moreover, if it comes to conditional sentences. This topic really relays on the understanding of concepts. Once the students catch the concept, they will be able to solve some problems relate with the topic easily. To build their capability on understanding a concept of such a topic, teacher needs to figure out the appropriate way. Think-pair-share seems to be a good way to teach conditional sentences. The method used in conducting this research is Classroom Action Research. The research was conducted on two cycles with total meetings were seven; three meetings were for tests, and four meetings were for treatment. Each cycle covered the step of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. From the data collected by the researcher, it can be concluded that the capability on understanding grammar of the second semester students of university level was improved. The improvements cover two points, they are: (1) improvement on their mean score. Mean score of pre-test was 4.1875, mean score of post-test 1 was 5.9625, while mean score of post-test 2 was 7.225. (2) improvement of their attitude and behaviour. It can be seen from their improvement of their activeness, enjoyment, curiousity and knowledge.Key words: CAR, Grammar, Think-Pair-Share 

scholarly journals PENYELENGGARAAN PEMBELAJARAN VOKASI BERDASARKAN MINAT PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN KETERAMPILAN FUNGSIONAL PAKET C

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Ivo Yani
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Functional Skills ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Vocational Learning

The package C equality education has the distinctiveness of entrepreneurship skills that are put in the functional skills subjects. During this time, the selection of the vocational types (skills) is determined  by the package C manager and without the certificate of competence even though the vocational types can be determined based on the student’s interests through the Rothwell Miller Interest Blank (RMIB) test. After completing the competency tests, the graduate students can obtain the competency certificates from the Competence Certification Institutiton (LSK). This study aims to investigate (1) the students’ interest in vocational learning and (2) vocational learning outcomes in package C’s functional skills subjects. The research was conducted to the 26 research subjects of the 6th level of 2nd advanced competency degree in four PKBM at North Sumatra from August to October 2017. In order to seek out the field validation, the quasi experimental design method with pretest and post-test was used. The data collection instrumentswere in the form of tests with 15 items of multiple choice questions. The program significance was tested with the correlated t-test. The finding showed that the value of the t > ttable was (7.01> 2.06). Therefore, it could be concluded that there was a significant difference in values obtained by the students from before and after participating in sewing learning at a 5% significance level. Thus, in determining the vocational interest, the students should pay attention to the availability of the competency test places.    References Badan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan dan Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan.(2013). Pedoman peminatan peserta didik. Diakses melalui http://bk.fip.uny.ac.id/sites/ psikologi-pendidikanbimbingan.fip.uny.ac.id/files/PEDOMAN%20PEMINATAN%20SMA-SMK.pdf Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. (2003). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia no. 20 tentang sistem pendidikan nasional. Jakarta. Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. (2005). Peraturan pemerintah no. 19 tentang standar nasional pendidikan. Jakarta. Direktorat Pembinaan Kursus dan Pelatihan. (2015). Kurikulum kursus dan pelatihan tata busana jenjang 2 dan 3 berbasis kerangka kualifikasi nasional Indonesia. Jakarta. Djamarah, S. B. (2008). Psikologi belajar. Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta.  Heri, P. (1998). Pengantar perilaku manusia. Jakarta: EGC.  Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Nomor 14 Tahun 2007 tentang Standar Isi untuk Program Paket A, Program Paket B, dan Program Paket C. Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Nomor 70 Tahun 2008 tentang Uji Kompetensi Bagi Peserta Didik Kursus dan Pelatihan dari Satuan Pendidikan Nonformal atau Warga Masyarakat yang Belajar Mandiri. Pusat Data dan Statistik Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. (2016). Ikhtisar data pendidikan 2015/2016. Jakarta: Kemendikbud. Rothwell. (1947). Tes RMIB. Diakses melalui http://file.upi.edu/Direktori/FIP/JUR._PSIKOLOGI/195010101980022-SITI_WURYAN_INDRAWATI/TES_RMIB.pdf. Slameto. (2003). Belajar dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Jakarta: PT. Rineka Cipta.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document