scholarly journals Spreading of Competing Information in a Network

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1169
Author(s):  
Fabio Bagarello ◽  
Francesco Gargano ◽  
Francesco Oliveri
Keyword(s):  
Simple Approach ◽  
Good News ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Fermionic Operators ◽  
Dispersion Effects ◽  
Original Information

We propose a simple approach to investigate the spreading of news in a network. In more detail, we consider two different versions of a single type of information, one of which is close to the essence of the information (and we call it good news), and another of which is somehow modified from some biased agent of the system (fake news, in our language). Good and fake news move around some agents, getting the original information and returning their own version of it to other agents of the network. Our main interest is to deduce the dynamics for such spreading, and to analyze if and under which conditions good news wins against fake news. The methodology is based on the use of ladder fermionic operators, which are quite efficient in modeling dispersion effects and interactions between the agents of the system.

Good News, Bad News, Fake News

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-67
Author(s):  
Duncan Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Bad News ◽  
Good News ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Philosophical Literature ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Structural Levels

An account is offered of the nature of fake news, and it is explained how this account differs from the main proposals in the contemporary philosophical literature in this regard. One key feature of the account is the idea that fake news is not a genuine form of news. In particular, fake news is to be distinguished from genuine news that is epistemically problematic. It is argued that this point is important because it entails that what is required to differentiate news with a sound epistemic pedigree from news that has a poor epistemic pedigree is distinct from what is required to differentiate genuine news from fake news. This has implications for how we should manage the challenge posed by fake news, at both the individual and the structural levels.

scholarly journals Good News about Bad News: Gamified Inoculation Boosts Confidence and Cognitive Immunity Against Fake News

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa Basol ◽  
Jon Roozenbeek ◽  
Sander Van der Linden
Keyword(s):  
Bad News ◽  
Good News ◽  
Fake News

Good news, bad news, and fake news

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Buschman
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Good News ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Definition Of

PurposeLibrary and Information Science (LIS) has seen an explosion of responses to fake news in the aftermath of the 2016 US election, political in nature, eschewing “neutrality” supporting democracy. The purpose of this paper is to trace the definition of fake news, the challenges, the roots of recent respondes to fake news, notes that the theoretical understanding of democracy must keep pace with these efforts.Design/methodology/approachConceptual analysis of the LIS literature concerning fake news and its underlying themes; unpacking of actually existing democracy, re-linked to LIS practices.FindingsDemocracy does not require a space cleared of distorting claims but spaces suited to grappling with them, a call to address fake news, and not simply a matter of clearing up information sources; librarians should prepared to engage at the next level. Libraries stand for the proposition that there is more-true information which is worth accessing, organizing, etc., and for inclusion. Whether explicitly political or not, the imaginative uses to which libraries are put do enrich civil society and the public sphere. Libraries help to counter fake news both through specific educative actions aimed at it and as broadly educative institutions with a coherent notion of their relationship to informational discernment in democracy.Originality/valueLIS discourse on fake news has value, and references democracy, but assumes a set of traditional relationships between informing, libraries and democracy. This paper goes at both the lesser role of informing and highlights the (arguably) greater social role of libraries in democratic society.

God, post-truth

Theology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-187
Author(s):  
Beverley Jameson
Keyword(s):  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Good News ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Reality Check

In a world of fake news and post-truth, where objective facts are less influential in shaping truth than opinions said with confidence and authority, where is God’s truth? Where is the Good News of Jesus Christ amidst all the fake news? This is discussed under three areas: God’s reality check (the truth of his word); our reality check (to personally examine ourselves and our behaviours to remain in God’s truth); and arguing God’s reality check (in a different form of apologetics based on conviction of belief).

scholarly journals Good News, Bad News, but Not Fake News

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (15) ◽  
pp. 1413-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Plana ◽  
Ana Barac
Keyword(s):  
Bad News ◽  
Good News ◽  
Fake News

Hope, exploration, and equilibrated action schemes

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood G. Gozli ◽  
Ci Jun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Single Type ◽  
Reward Seeking ◽  
Stable Scheme

AbstractThe concepts want, hope, and exploration cannot be organized in relation to a single type of motive (e.g., motive for food). They require, in addition, the motive for acquiring and maintaining a stable scheme that enables reward-directed activity. Facing unpredictability, the animal has to seek not only reward, but also a new equilibrated state within which reward seeking is possible.

Influence of X-Ray Induced Fluorescence on Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis of Thin Foils

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
E. A. Kenik ◽  
J. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Thin Foil ◽  
Electron Excitation ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Foil Thickness ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hole Spectrum ◽  
Illumination System ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Intensity Ratios

Cliff and Lorimer (1) have proposed a simple approach to thin foil x-ray analy sis based on the ratio of x-ray peak intensities. However, there are several experimental pitfalls which must be recognized in obtaining the desired x-ray intensities. Undesirable x-ray induced fluorescence of the specimen can result from various mechanisms and leads to x-ray intensities not characteristic of electron excitation and further results in incorrect intensity ratios.In measuring the x-ray intensity ratio for NiAl as a function of foil thickness, Zaluzec and Fraser (2) found the ratio was not constant for thicknesses where absorption could be neglected. They demonstrated that this effect originated from x-ray induced fluorescence by blocking the beam with lead foil. The primary x-rays arise in the illumination system and result in varying intensity ratios and a finite x-ray spectrum even when the specimen is not intercepting the electron beam, an ‘in-hole’ spectrum. We have developed a second technique for detecting x-ray induced fluorescence based on the magnitude of the ‘in-hole’ spectrum with different filament emission currents and condenser apertures.

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