scholarly journals Comparing Information Metrics for a Coupled Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Process

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Heseltine ◽  
Eun-jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Relative Entropy ◽  
Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Relaxation Problem ◽  
Ornstein Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Information Change ◽  
Information Metrics ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Linear Geometry

It is often the case when studying complex dynamical systems that a statistical formulation can provide the greatest insight into the underlying dynamics. When discussing the behavior of such a system which is evolving in time, it is useful to have the notion of a metric between two given states. A popular measure of information change in a system under perturbation has been the relative entropy of the states, as this notion allows us to quantify the difference between states of a system at different times. In this paper, we investigate the relaxation problem given by a single and coupled Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (O-U) process and compare the information length with entropy-based metrics (relative entropy, Jensen divergence) as well as others. By measuring the total information length in the long time limit, we show that it is only the information length that preserves the linear geometry of the O-U process. In the coupled O-U process, the information length is shown to be capable of detecting changes in both components of the system even when other metrics would detect almost nothing in one of the components. We show in detail that the information length is sensitive to the evolution of subsystems.

scholarly journals Polynomials under Ornstein–Uhlenbeck noise and an application to inference in stochastic Hodgkin–Huxley systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Höpfner
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Asymptotic Normality ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Local Asymptotic Normality ◽  
Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Ornstein Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Estimation Problems ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Asymptotically Efficient

Abstract We discuss estimation problems where a polynomial $$s\rightarrow \sum _{i=0}^\ell \vartheta _i s^i$$ s → ∑ i = 0 ℓ ϑ i s i with strictly positive leading coefficient is observed under Ornstein–Uhlenbeck noise over a long time interval. We prove local asymptotic normality (LAN) and specify asymptotically efficient estimators. We apply this to the following problem: feeding noise $$dY_t$$ d Y t into the classical (deterministic) Hodgkin–Huxley model in neuroscience, with $$Y_t=\vartheta t + X_t$$ Y t = ϑ t + X t and X some Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process with backdriving force $$\tau $$ τ , we have asymptotically efficient estimators for the pair $$(\vartheta ,\tau )$$ ( ϑ , τ ) ; based on observation of the membrane potential up to time n, the estimate for $$\vartheta $$ ϑ converges at rate $$\sqrt{n^3\,}$$ n 3 .

Long-time behavior of Lévy-driven Ornstein–Uhlenbeck processes with regime switching

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-279
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Liao ◽  
Jinghai Shao
Keyword(s):  
Stationary Distribution ◽  
Regime Switching ◽  
Lévy Noise ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Long Time Behavior ◽  
Lévy Measure ◽  
Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Ornstein Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Levy Noise

AbstractWe investigate the long-time behavior of the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process driven by Lévy noise with regime switching. We provide explicit criteria on the transience and recurrence of this process. Contrasted with the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process driven simply by Brownian motion, whose stationary distribution must be light-tailed, both the jumps caused by the Lévy noise and the regime switching described by a Markov chain can derive the heavy-tailed property of the stationary distribution. The different role played by the Lévy measure and the regime-switching process is clearly characterized.

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

Psychology: Volume 5

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Science Volume ◽  
Western World ◽  
Mental Life ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Indian Setting ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Relationship

This survey of research on psychology in five volumes is a part of a series undertaken by the ICSSR since 1969, which covers various disciplines under social science. Volume Five of this survey, Explorations into Psyche and Psychology: Some Emerging Perspectives, examines the future of psychology in India. For a very long time, intellectual investments in understanding mental life have led to varied formulations about mind and its functions across the word. However, a critical reflection of the state of the disciplinary affairs indicates the dominance of Euro-American theories and methods, which offer an understanding coloured by a Western world view, which fails to do justice with many non-Western cultural settings. The chapters in this volume expand the scope of psychology to encompass indigenous knowledge available in the Indian tradition and invite engaging with emancipatory concerns as well as broadening the disciplinary base. The contributors situate the difference between the Eastern and Western conceptions of the mind in the practice of psychology. They look at this discipline as shaped by and shaping between systems like yoga. They also analyse animal behaviour through the lens of psychology and bring out insights about evolution of individual and social behaviour. This volume offers critique the contemporary psychological practices in India and offers a new perspective called ‘public psychology’ to construe and analyse the relationship between psychologists and their objects of study. Finally, some paradigmatic, pedagogical, and substantive issues are highlighted to restructure the practice of psychology in the Indian setting.

A novel q-rung orthopair fuzzy TODIM approach for multi-criteria group decision making based on Shapley value and relative entropy

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-250
Author(s):  
Liuxin Chen ◽  
Nanfang Luo ◽  
Xiaoling Gou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Relative Entropy ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Shapley Value ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Similarity Measures ◽  
Entropy Measure ◽  
Shapley Values ◽  
Interactive Relationship ◽  
The Difference

In the real multi-criteria group decision making (MCGDM) problems, there will be an interactive relationship among different decision makers (DMs). To identify the overall influence, we define the Shapley value as the DM’s weight. Entropy is a measure which makes it better than similarity measures to recognize a group decision making problem. Since we propose a relative entropy to measure the difference between two systems, which improves the accuracy of the distance measure.In this paper, a MCGDM approach named as TODIM is presented under q-rung orthopair fuzzy information.The proposed TODIM approach is developed for correlative MCGDM problems, in which the weights of the DMs are calculated in terms of Shapley values and the dominance matrices are evaluated based on relative entropy measure with q-rung orthopair fuzzy information.Furthermore, the efficacy of the proposed Gq-ROFWA operator and the novel TODIM is demonstrated through a selection problem of modern enterprises risk investment. A comparative analysis with existing methods is presented to validate the efficiency of the approach.

scholarly journals Time-changed fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Ascione ◽  
Yuliya Mishura ◽  
Enrica Pirozzi
Keyword(s):  
Planck Equation ◽  
Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Fokker Planck Equation ◽  
Ornstein Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Fokker Planck

AbstractWe define a time-changed fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process by composing a fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with the inverse of a subordinator. Properties of the moments of such process are investigated and the existence of the density is shown. We also provide a generalized Fokker-Planck equation for the density of the process.

scholarly journals Using the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process to model the evolution of interacting populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 429 ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Bartoszek ◽  
Sylvain Glémin ◽  
Ingemar Kaj ◽  
Martin Lascoux
Keyword(s):  
Uhlenbeck Process ◽  
Interacting Populations ◽  
Ornstein Uhlenbeck Process
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