scholarly journals New Trends in Statistical Physics of Complex Systems

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 906
Author(s):  
Antonio Scarfone
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Disordered Systems ◽  
Statistical Physics

A challenging frontier in physics concerns the study of complex and disordered systems. [...]

scholarly journals A journey from reductionist to systemic cell biology aboard the schooner Tara

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 2403-2406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Karsenti
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Interaction Networks ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Personal Journey ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
The World ◽  
The Way

In this essay I describe my personal journey from reductionist to systems cell biology and describe how this in turn led to a 3-year sea voyage to explore complex ocean communities. In describing this journey, I hope to convey some important principles that I gleaned along the way. I realized that cellular functions emerge from multiple molecular interactions and that new approaches borrowed from statistical physics are required to understand the emergence of such complex systems. Then I wondered how such interaction networks developed during evolution. Because life first evolved in the oceans, it became a natural thing to start looking at the small organisms that compose the plankton in the world's oceans, of which 98% are … individual cells—hence the Tara Oceans voyage, which finished on 31 March 2012 in Lorient, France, after a 60,000-mile around-the-world journey that collected more than 30,000 samples from 153 sampling stations.

scholarly journals Induced and endogenous acoustic oscillations in granular faults

2018 ◽  
Vol 377 (2136) ◽  
pp. 20170389 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. de Arcangelis ◽  
E. Lippiello ◽  
M. Pica Ciamarra ◽  
A. Sarracino
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Systems ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Granular Systems ◽  
Acoustic Oscillations ◽  
Frictional Properties ◽  
External Perturbations ◽  
Seismic Fault ◽  
Perturbation Frequency ◽  
Remote Triggering

The frictional properties of disordered systems are affected by external perturbations. These perturbations usually weaken the system by reducing the macroscopic friction coefficient. This friction reduction is of particular interest in the case of disordered systems composed of granular particles confined between two plates, as this is a simple model of seismic fault. Indeed, in the geophysical context frictional weakening could explain the unexpected weakness of some faults, as well as earthquake remote triggering. In this manuscript, we review recent results concerning the response of confined granular systems to external perturbations, considering the different mechanisms by which the perturbation could weaken a system, the relevance of the frictional reduction to earthquakes, as well as discussing the intriguing scenario whereby the weakening is not monotonic in the perturbation frequency, so that a re-entrant transition is observed, as the system first enters a fluidized state and then returns to a frictional state. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Statistical physics of fracture and earthquakes’.

ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNALS BEFORE RUPTURE AND THEIR POSSIBLE INTERCONNECTION WITH BIOEFFECTS

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1431-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. PHILIPPETIS
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Critical Phenomena ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
Electromagnetic Signals ◽  
Precursory Phenomena

Aspects from condensed matter physics combined with recent advances on statistical physics and physics of complex systems related to critical phenomena have inspired the continuous experimental study of electromagnetic precursory phenomena. For example, during the last two decades anomalous electromagnetic signals have been repeatedly observed before big earthquakes. Since it has been independently found that weak electromagnetic fields can produce biological effects, the following possibility is forwarded in this paper: The finding that electromagnetic signals are emitted before earthquakes, may be the key for the explanation that anomalous animal behavior have been frequently observed in various countries before major events.

scholarly journals SYMBOL-TO-SYMBOL CORRELATION FUNCTION AT THE FEIGENBAUM POINT OF THE LOGISTIC MAP

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1350118 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. KARAMANOS ◽  
I. S. MISTAKIDIS ◽  
S. I. MISTAKIDIS
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Function ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Correlation Functions ◽  
Symbolic Dynamics ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Logistic Map ◽  
Algorithmic Structure ◽  
Significant Attention

Recently, simple dynamical systems such as the 1-d maps on the interval, gained significant attention in the context of statistical physics and complex systems. The decay of correlations in these systems, can be characterized and measured by correlation functions. In the context of symbolic dynamics of the nonchaotic multifractal attractors (i.e. Feigenbaum attractors), one observable, the symbol-to-symbol correlation function, for the generating partition of the logistic map, is rigorously introduced and checked by numerical experiments. Thanks to the Metropolis–Stein–Stein (MSS) algorithm, this observable can be calculated analytically, giving predictions in absolute accordance with numerical computations. The deep, algorithmic structure of the observable is revealed clearly reflecting the complexity of the multifractal attractor.

scholarly journals Universality of the SAT-UNSAT (jamming) threshold in non-convex continuous constraint satisfaction problems

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Franz ◽  
Giorgio Parisi ◽  
Maxime Sevelev ◽  
Pierfrancesco Urbani ◽  
Francesco Zamponi
Keyword(s):  
Constraint Satisfaction ◽  
Disordered Systems ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Universality Class ◽  
Constraint Satisfaction Problems ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Average Case ◽  
Soft Spheres ◽  
Scaling Solution

Random constraint satisfaction problems (CSP) have been studied extensively using statistical physics techniques. They provide a benchmark to study average case scenarios instead of the worst case one. The interplay between statistical physics of disordered systems and computer science has brought new light into the realm of computational complexity theory, by introducing the notion of clustering of solutions, related to replica symmetry breaking. However, the class of problems in which clustering has been studied often involve discrete degrees of freedom: standard random CSPs are random (aka disordered Ising models) or random coloring problems (aka disordered Potts models). In this work we consider instead problems that involve continuous degrees of freedom. The simplest prototype of these problems is the perceptron. Here we discuss in detail the full phase diagram of the model. In the regions of parameter space where the problem is non-convex, leading to multiple disconnected clusters of solutions, the solution is critical at the SAT/UNSAT threshold and lies in the same universality class of the jamming transition of soft spheres. We show how the critical behavior at the satisfiability threshold emerges, and we compute the critical exponents associated to the approach to the transition from both the SAT and UNSAT phase. We conjecture that there is a large universality class of non-convex continuous CSPs whose SAT-UNSAT threshold is described by the same scaling solution.

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