scholarly journals Information Entropy Suggests Stronger Nonlinear Associations between Hydro-Meteorological Variables and ENSO

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tue Vu ◽  
Ashok Mishra ◽  
Goutam Konapala
Keyword(s):  
Mutual Information ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Dependence Structure ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Correlation Information

Understanding the teleconnections between hydro-meteorological data and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation cycle (ENSO) is an important step towards developing flood early warning systems. In this study, the concept of mutual information (MI) was applied using marginal and joint information entropy to quantify the linear and non-linear relationship between annual streamflow, extreme precipitation indices over Mekong river basin, and ENSO. We primarily used Pearson correlation as a linear association metric for comparison with mutual information. The analysis was performed at four hydro-meteorological stations located on the mainstream Mekong river basin. It was observed that the nonlinear correlation information is comparatively higher between the large-scale climate index and local hydro-meteorology data in comparison to the traditional linear correlation information. The spatial analysis was carried out using all the grid points in the river basin, which suggests a spatial dependence structure between precipitation extremes and ENSO. Overall, this study suggests that mutual information approach can further detect more meaningful connections between large-scale climate indices and hydro-meteorological variables at different spatio-temporal scales. Application of nonlinear mutual information metric can be an efficient tool to better understand hydro-climatic variables dynamics resulting in improved climate-informed adaptation strategies.

scholarly journals Water Resources Observation and Large-scale Model Estimation in Forested Areas in Mekong River Basin

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira SHIMIZU ◽  
Masakazu SUZUKI ◽  
Shinji SAWANO ◽  
Naoki KABEYA ◽  
Tatsuhiko NOBUHIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Model Estimation ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Large Scale Model ◽  
Forested Areas

Inundation Process in the Lower Mekong River Basin

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Kudo ◽  
◽  
Atsuhiro Yorozuya ◽  
Hiroshi Koseki ◽  
Yoichi Iwami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Inundation Simulation ◽  
Inundation Extent

This study simulated the inundation process in the Lower Mekong River Basin (LMB). The LMB has suffered from severe floods, especially in 2000 and 2011. To quantify the inundation of water in a basin where large-scale inundation by river water occurs, understanding the conveyance of a river channel during a flood is particularly important. Therefore, we conducted a field survey using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (aDcp) to understand the longitudinal distribution of the width and depth of the river channel and the variation in hydraulic resistance with respect to shear stress on the riverbed. It was found that the width and depth vary longitudinally, and the relationship between them can be estimated by an equation derived from governing equations of water and sediment and the bed load formula. Furthermore, it was revealed that hydraulic resistance decreases with increasing non-dimensional shear stress. Then, the characteristics of the river channel were incorporated into the runoff-inundation simulation. Furthermore, inundation water should be validated not only in terms of inundation extent but also with respect to water depth and velocity. These were estimated using 8-day composite surface reflectance data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) and the SRTM. Simulation results indicated that water level and discharge within the river channel were able to reproduce observed values. Additionally, simulated inundation extent, water velocity, and water depth over the floodplain showed reasonable agreement with the results using the data from the MODIS and the SRTM. Although there are some elements that should be improved, the inundation process in the LMB was simulated appropriately despite its complexity. The method described in this study to set a calculation condition and to validate variables over a floodplain should be useful for runoff-inundation simulation in various large-scale basins.

scholarly journals Assessment of Hydrology and Sediment Yield in the Mekong River Basin Using SWAT Model

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3503
Author(s):  
Ty Sok ◽  
Chantha Oeurng ◽  
Ilan Ich ◽  
Sabine Sauvage ◽  
José Miguel Sánchez-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sediment Load ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Mekong River Basin

The Mekong River Basin (MRB) in Southeast Asia is among the world’s ten largest rivers, both in terms of its discharge and sediment load. The spatial and temporal resolution to accurately determine the sediment load/yield from tributaries and sub-basin that enters the Mekong mainstream still lacks from the large-scale model. In this study, the SWAT model was applied to the MRB to assess long-term basin hydrology and to quantify the sediment load and spatial sediment yield in the MRB. The model was calibrated and validated (1985–2016) at a monthly time step. The overall proportions of streamflow in the Mekong River were 34% from surface runoff, 21% from lateral flow, 45% from groundwater contribution. The average annual sediments yield presented 1295 t/km2/year in the upper part of the basin, 218 t/km2/year in the middle, 78 t/km2/year in the intensive agricultural area and 138 t/km2/year in the highland area in the lower part. The annual average sediment yield for the Mekong River was 310 t/km2/year from upper 80% of the total MRB before entering the delta. The derived sediment yield and a spatial soil erosion map can explicitly illustrate the identification and prioritization of the critical soil erosion-prone areas of the MR sub-basins.

Multivariate interpolation and information entropy for optimizing raingauge network in the Mekong River Basin

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1439-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Li ◽  
Sokchhay Heng ◽  
Sokly Siev ◽  
Chihiro Yoshimura ◽  
Oliver Saavedra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Multivariate Interpolation ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Mekong River Basin

Large-Scale Flood-Inundation Modeling in the Mekong River Basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 05018011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophal Try ◽  
Giha Lee ◽  
Wansik Yu ◽  
Chantha Oeurng ◽  
Changlae Jang
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Flood Inundation ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Flood Inundation Modeling ◽  
Inundation Modeling

Intercomparison of ten ISI-MIP models in simulating discharges along the Lancang-Mekong River basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 765 ◽  
pp. 144494
Author(s):  
He Chen ◽  
Junguo Liu ◽  
Ganquan Mao ◽  
Zifeng Wang ◽  
Zhenzhong Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Mip Models

scholarly journals Meteorological and hydrological droughts in Mekong River Basin and surrounding areas under climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 100873
Author(s):  
Yishan Li ◽  
Hui Lu ◽  
Kun Yang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Qiuhong Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Hydrological Droughts

scholarly journals Attribution of Long-Term Evapotranspiration Trends in the Mekong River Basin with a Remote Sensing-Based Process Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Shi Hu ◽  
Xingguo Mo
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Catchment Management ◽  
Mekong River Basin ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Available Water

Using the Global Land Surface Satellite (GLASS) leaf area index (LAI), the actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and available water resources in the Mekong River Basin were estimated with the Remote Sensing-Based Vegetation Interface Processes Model (VIP-RS). The relative contributions of climate variables and vegetation greening to ETa were estimated with numerical experiments. The results show that the average ETa in the entire basin increased at a rate of 1.16 mm year−2 from 1980 to 2012 (36.7% of the area met the 95% significance level). Vegetation greening contributed 54.1% of the annual ETa trend, slightly higher than that of climate change. The contributions of air temperature, precipitation and the LAI were positive, whereas contributions of solar radiation and vapor pressure were negative. The effects of water supply and energy availability were equivalent on the variation of ETa throughout most of the basin, except the upper reach and downstream Mekong Delta. In the upper reach, climate warming played a critical role in the ETa variability, while the warming effect was offset by reduced solar radiation in the Mekong Delta (an energy-limited region). For the entire basin, the available water resources showed an increasing trend due to intensified precipitation; however, in downstream areas, additional pressure on available water resources is exerted due to cropland expansion with enhanced agricultural water consumption. The results provide scientific basis for practices of integrated catchment management and water resources allocation.

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