scholarly journals Optimum Sizing of Photovoltaic-Battery Power Supply for Drone-Based Cellular Networks

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Mahshid Javidsharifi ◽  
Hamoun Pourroshanfekr Arabani ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera ◽  
Sergiu Viorel Spataru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Telecommunication Network ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Battery Power ◽  
Battery Capacity

In order to provide Internet access to rural areas and places without a reliable economic electricity grid, self-sustainable drone-based cellular networks have recently been presented. However, the difficulties of power consumption and mission planning lead to the challenge of optimal sizing of the power supply for future cellular telecommunication networks. In order to deal with this challenge, this paper presents an optimal approach for sizing the photovoltaic (PV)-battery power supply for drone-based cellular networks in remote areas. The main objective of the suggested approach is to minimize the total cost, including the capital and operational expenditures. The suggested framework is applied to an off-grid cellular telecommunication network with drone-based base stations that are powered by PV-battery systems-based recharging sites in a rural location. The PV-battery system is optimally designed for three recharging sites with three different power consumption profiles with different peak and cumulative loads. Results show that the optimal design of the PV-battery system is dependent on geographical data, solar irradiation, and ambient temperature, which affect the output power of the PV system, as well as the power consumption profile, which affects the required number of PV panels and battery capacity.

scholarly journals Optimum Sizing of Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Systems for Powering Green Base Stations in Cellular Networks

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1895
Author(s):  
Mahshid Javidsharifi ◽  
Hamoun Pourroshanfekr ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera ◽  
Sergiu Spataru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Battery Capacity

Satisfying the mobile traffic demand in next generation cellular networks increases the cost of energy supply. Renewable energy sources are a promising solution to power base stations in a self-sufficient and cost-effective manner. This paper presents an optimal method for designing a photovoltaic (PV)-battery system to supply base stations in cellular networks. A systematic approach is proposed for determining the power rating of the photovoltaic generator and battery capacity from a technical and economical point of view in order to minimize investment cost as well as operational expenditure, while the power autonomy of the PV-battery system is maximized in a multi-objective optimization framework. The proposed method is applied to optimally size a photovoltaic-battery system for three cases with different availability of solar power to investigate the effect of environmental conditions. Problem-solving using the proposed approach leads to a set of solutions at different costs versus different levels of power autonomy. According to the importance of each criterion and the preference of decision-makers, one of the achieved solutions can be selected for the implementation of the photovoltaic-battery system to supply base stations in cellular networks.

scholarly journals Possible Collision Avoidance with Off-line Route Selection

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srećko Krile ◽  
Dragan Peraković ◽  
Vladimir Remenar
Keyword(s):  
Collision Avoidance ◽  
Shortest Path ◽  
Telecommunication Network ◽  
Service Level Agreement ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Collision Control

The paper describes the traffic flow problems in telecommunication networks based on the Internet protocol. The main aim of telecommunication network operator today is to offer an SLA (Service Level Agreement) contract to end users, with provided QoS (Quality of Service) for different classes of services. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to establish the routes between marginal network nodes meeting the network traffic requirements and optimizing the network performances free of simultaneous flows conflicts. In DiffServ/MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) networks traffic flows traverse the network simultaneously and there may come to collision of concurrent flows. They are distributed among LSPs (Labeled Switching Paths) related to service classes. In LSP creation the IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) uses simple on-line routing algorithms based on the shortest path methodology. In highly loaded networks this becomes an insufficient technique. In this suggested approach LSP need not necessarily be the shortest path solution. It can be pre-computed much earlier, possibly during the SLA negotiation process. In that sense an effective algorithm for collision control is developed. It may find a longer but lightly loaded path, taking care of the collision possibility. It could be a very good solution for collision avoidance and for better load-balancing purpose where links are running close to capacity. The algorithm can be significantly improved through heuristic approach. Heuristic options are compared in test-examples and their application for collision control is explained. KEYWORDS: Telecommunication networks, collision avoidance, multi-constraint route selection, self-organizing systems, MPLS, QoS

ADAPTIVE ALGORITHMS OF CONTROLLING THE SMART LI-ION BATTERY CONTROLLER

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
I. A. Borovoy ◽  
O. V. Danishevskiy ◽  
A. V. Parfenov
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Supply System ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Electronic Control Device ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Cell Balancing

The article substantiates the necessity of organizing the control system of modern lithium-ion batteries. Passive and active methods of cell balancing are described. The method of increase of efficiency of modes of accumulation of electric energy by means of the special electronic control device (the intellectual controller) and its further use for power supply of the functional equipment is considered. The structure of the intelligent controller as a part of the autonomous power supply system with the description of its main functional units and purpose is presented. Practical results of application in the intellectual controller of original adaptive control algorithms defining modes of operation of lithium-ion drives depending on various environmental conditions are resulted. The results of the analysis obtained by the results of experimental operation of the battery system, reflecting the qualitative and quantitative advantages of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Ultracompact and low-power-consumption silicon thermo-optic switch for high-speed data

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 937-945
Author(s):  
Ruihuan Zhang ◽  
Yu He ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Shaohua An ◽  
Qingming Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Power Efficient ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
On Chip

AbstractUltracompact and low-power-consumption optical switches are desired for high-performance telecommunication networks and data centers. Here, we demonstrate an on-chip power-efficient 2 × 2 thermo-optic switch unit by using a suspended photonic crystal nanobeam structure. A submilliwatt switching power of 0.15 mW is obtained with a tuning efficiency of 7.71 nm/mW in a compact footprint of 60 μm × 16 μm. The bandwidth of the switch is properly designed for a four-level pulse amplitude modulation signal with a 124 Gb/s raw data rate. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed switch is the most power-efficient resonator-based thermo-optic switch unit with the highest tuning efficiency and data ever reported.

scholarly journals Remote Monitoring Application for Automatic Power Supply System in Telecommunication Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 1933 (1) ◽  
pp. 012103
Author(s):  
Rahmad Hidayat ◽  
Ferdian Reza ◽  
Herawati ◽  
Salamatul Afiyah ◽  
Ninik Sri Lestari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Power Supply System ◽  
Telecommunication Network ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Monitoring Application

scholarly journals Static Switching Dynamic Buffer Circuit

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. K. Pandey ◽  
R. A. Mishra ◽  
R. K. Nagaria
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Loading Condition ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Clock Frequency ◽  
Logic Function ◽  
Output Node ◽  
Switching Dynamic ◽  
Power Delay Product ◽  
Frequency Temperature

We proposed footless domino logic buffer circuit. It minimizes redundant switching at the dynamic and the output nodes. The proposed circuit avoids propagation of precharge pulse to the output node and allows the dynamic node which saves power consumption. Simulation is done using 0.18 µm CMOS technology. We have calculated the power consumption, delay, and power delay product of the proposed circuit and compared the results with the existing circuits for different logic function, loading condition, clock frequency, temperature, and power supply. Our proposed circuit reduces power consumption and power delay product as compared to the existing circuits.

Design and Implementation of a 12-Bit 100MS/s ADC

2012 ◽  
Vol 229-231 ◽  
pp. 1507-1510
Author(s):  
Xiang Ning Fan ◽  
Hao Zheng ◽  
Yu Tao Sun ◽  
Xiang Yan
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Stage Structure ◽  
Digital Calibration ◽  
Cmos Process ◽  
Pipelined Adc ◽  
Dynamic Comparator ◽  
Flash Adc ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Two Stages

In this paper, a 12-bit 100MS/s pipelined ADC is designed. Capacitance flip-around structure is used in sample and hold circuit, and bootstrap structure is adopted in sampling switch which has high linearity. Progressively decreasing technology is used to reduce power consumption and circuit area, where 2.5bit/stage structure is used in the first two stages, 1.5bit/stage structure is used for 3rd to 8th stages, and at the end of the circuit is a 2bit-flash ADC. Digital calibration is designed to eliminate the offset of comparators. Switched-capacitor dynamic comparator structure is used to further reduce the power consumption. The ADC is implemented by using TSMC 0.18m CMOS process with die area be 1.23mm×2.3mm. SNDR and SFDR are 65dB and 71.3dB, when sampling at 100MHz sampling clock. The current of the circuit is 96mA under 1.8V power supply.

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