scholarly journals Adjunctive Antiseptic Irrigation of Periodontal Pockets: Effects on Microbial and Cytokine Profiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Anton Vitt ◽  
Andrei Babenka ◽  
Elisabeth A. Boström ◽  
Anders Gustafsson ◽  
Ronaldo Lira Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Treponema Denticola ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Cytokine Profiles ◽  
Antiseptic Treatment ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Antiseptic Irrigation

To evaluate the effect of adjunctive antiseptic irrigation of periodontal pockets on microbial and cytokine profiles. Fifty-nine patients with severe periodontitis were allocated to one of three groups for scaling and root planing facilitated with different adjunctive antiseptics: 1% polyhexamethyleneguanidine phosphate (PHMG-P) (n = 19), 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) (n = 21) or distilled water (n = 19). Gingival crevicular fluid and subgingival bacterial samples were collected at baseline, and at 2 weeks, and 1 and 4 months. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17A, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum,Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Prevotella intermedia were determined. There were no intergroup differences in cytokine concentrations and bacterial counts at any follow-up, however, varying patterns were observed. In the PHMG-P and water groups IL-1β expression peaked at 2 weeks and then gradually declined. In all three groups, the dynamics of MMP-8 concentration were non-linear, increasing by 2 weeks and then declining to below baseline (p > 0.05). P. gingivalis and T. forsythia declined within the first month and increased thereafter, not regaining the baseline level. Adjunctive antiseptic treatment was associated with changes in biomarkers and bacterial counts in the course of the study. The effects of adjunctive antiseptic irrigation were limited in the applied protocol.

scholarly journals Periodontal Health and Oral Microbiota in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaja Eriksson ◽  
Guozhong Fei ◽  
Anna Lundmark ◽  
Daniel Benchimol ◽  
Linkiat Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

This study aimed to investigate the periodontal health of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in relation to oral microbiota, systemic and oral inflammatory mediators, and RA disease activity. Forty patients underwent full-mouth dental/periodontal and rheumatological examination, including collection of blood, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and subgingival plaque. Composition of plaque and saliva microbiota were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing and levels of inflammatory mediators by multiplex-immunoassay. The majority of the patients (75%) had moderate or severe periodontitis and the rest had no/mild periodontitis. Anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) positivity was significantly more frequent in the moderate/severe periodontitis (86%) compared to the no/mild group (50%). No significance between groups was observed for RA disease duration or activity, or type of medication. Levels of sCD30/TNFRSF8, IFN-α2, IL-19, IL-26, MMP-1, gp130/sIL-6Rß, and sTNF-R1 were significantly higher in serum or GCF, and April/TNFSF13 was significantly higher in serum and saliva samples in moderate/severe periodontitis. The microbial composition in plaque also differed significantly between the two groups. In conclusion, the majority of RA patients had moderate/severe periodontitis and that this severe form of the disease was significantly associated with ACPA positivity, an altered subgingival microbial profile, and increased levels of systemic and oral inflammatory mediators.

Hemoglobin and LPS Act in Synergy to Amplify the Inflammatory Response

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 878-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bodet ◽  
F. Chandad ◽  
D. Grenier
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Vascular Disruption ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Lps Binding

Vascular disruption and bleeding during periodontitis likely increase the levels of hemoglobin in gingival crevicular fluid. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hemoglobin on the inflammatory responses of human macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) isolated from periodontopathogens. The production of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) by macrophages following challenges with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum LPS in the presence or absence of human hemoglobin was analyzed by ELISA. The effect of hemoglobin on LPS-binding to macrophages was evaluated with 3H-LPS. Hemoglobin and LPS from periodontopathogens acted in synergy to stimulate the production of high levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α by macrophages. Hemoglobin also enhanced LPS-binding to macrophages. This study suggests that hemoglobin contributes to increases in the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in periodontal sites by acting in synergy with LPS from periodontopathogens, thus favoring the progression of periodontitis.

scholarly journals Analysis of IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α levels in the crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis or healthy implants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Aleksandrowicz ◽  
Ewa Brzezińska-Błaszczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Kozłowska ◽  
Paulina Żelechowska ◽  
Andrea Enrico Borgonovo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Cytokine Concentration ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Abstract Background: Our study aimed to assess the level of IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) collected from patients with no clinical symptoms of mucositis or peri-implantitis and compare them with cytokine concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) acquired from patients with healthy periodontium and those with varying severity of periodontitis. Methods: A total of 189 subjects were included in the study, and GCF/PISF samples were checked for IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α levels using an ELISA test.Results: The IL-1β level in PISF in patients with implants was significantly lower than in GCF in patients with mild, moderate, or severe periodontitis. The CXCL8 level in PISF was considerably lower than in patients with moderate periodontitis. The TNF-α level in PISF in patients with implants was markedly higher compared to subjects with healthy periodontium or patients with mild periodontitis. Conclusion: Analysis of cytokine levels may help describe the pathogenesis and early diagnosis of peri-implantitis and prevision in high-risk patients.

scholarly journals Analysis of IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α levels in the crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis or healthy implants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Aleksandrowicz ◽  
Ewa Brzezińska-Błaszczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Kozłowska ◽  
Paulina Żelechowska ◽  
Andrea Enrico Borgonovo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Cytokine Concentration ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Abstract Background: Our study aimed to assess the level of IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) collected from patients with no clinical symptoms of mucositis or peri-implantitis and compare them with cytokine concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) acquired from patients with healthy periodontium and those with varying severity of periodontitis. Methods: A total of 189 subjects were included in the study, and GCF/PISF samples were checked for IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α levels using an ELISA test.Results: The IL-1β level in PISF in patients with implants was significantly lower than in GCF in patients with mild, moderate, or severe periodontitis. The CXCL8 level in PISF was considerably lower than in patients with moderate periodontitis. The TNF-α level in PISF in patients with implants was markedly higher compared to subjects with healthy periodontium or patients with mild periodontitis. Conclusion: Analysis of cytokine levels may help describe the pathogenesis and early diagnosis of peri-implantitis and prevision in high-risk patients.

scholarly journals Analysis of IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF Levels in the Crevicular Fluid of Patients With Periodontitis or Healthy Implants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Aleksandrowicz ◽  
Ewa Brzezińska-Błaszczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Kozłowska ◽  
Paulina Żelechowska ◽  
Andrea Enrico Borgonovo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Cytokine Concentration ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Therapy Intervention

Abstract Purpose: The evaluation of periodontal and peri-implant tissue condition is mainly based on clinical examination and imaging diagnostics. Some data implies that an examination of cytokine level in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) might prove useful when evaluating the condition of peri-implant tissues and monitoring the development of peri-implant inflammation, including both mucositis and peri-implantitis. Thus, in this paper, it has been decided to assess the level of TNF, CXCL8, and IL-1β in PISF collected from patients with no clinical symptoms of mucositis or peri-implantitis and compare them with cytokine concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) acquired from patients with healthy periodontium and those with varying severity of periodontitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 189 subjects were included in the study, and GCF/PISF samples were checked for TNF, CXCL8, and IL-1β levels using an ELISA test.Results: We documented that the IL-1β level, in PISF in patients with implants, was significantly lower than in GCF in patients with mild, moderate, or severe periodontitis. We also revealed that their CXCL8 level in PISF was considerably lower than in patients with moderate periodontitis. However, the TNF level in PISF in patients with implants was markedly higher compared to subjects with healthy periodontium or patients with mild periodontitis. Conclusion: Our observation might imply that the monitoring of TNF, CXCL8, and IL-1β levels in PISF could help with the diagnosis of mucositis/peri-implantitis before any clinical manifestations, thus allowing a quicker appropriate therapy intervention at an early stage.

scholarly journals Analysis of IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α levels in the crevicular fluid of patients with periodontitis or healthy implants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Aleksandrowicz ◽  
Ewa Brzezińska-Błaszczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Kozłowska ◽  
Paulina Żelechowska ◽  
Andrea Enrico Borgonovo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Cytokine Concentration ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Α Level ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Abstract Background Our study aimed to assess the level of IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) collected from patients with no clinical symptoms of mucositis or peri-implantitis and compare them with cytokine concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) acquired from patients with healthy periodontium and those with varying severity of periodontitis. Methods A total of 189 subjects were included in the study, and GCF/PISF samples were checked for IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF-α levels using an ELISA test. Results The IL-1β level in PISF in patients with implants was significantly lower than in GCF in patients with mild, moderate, or severe periodontitis. The CXCL8 level in PISF was considerably lower than in patients with moderate periodontitis. The TNF-α level in PISF in patients with implants was markedly higher compared to subjects with healthy periodontium or patients with mild periodontitis. Conclusion Analysis of cytokine levels may help describe the pathogenesis and early diagnosis of peri-implantitis and prevision in high-risk patients.

scholarly journals Fluctuation of bone turnover markers’ levels in samples of gingival crevicular fluid after orthodontic stimulus: a systematic review

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kakali ◽  
I. Giantikidis ◽  
I. Sifakakis ◽  
E. Kalimeri ◽  
I. Karamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Turnover Markers ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to provide an overview of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) bone turnover markers (BTMs) concerning the physiology of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and assess their potential contributions to regulating bone remodeling, that could prove useful in designing future approaches to modulating orthodontic tooth movement. Methods Multiple electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, LILACS, and Cochrane Library) were searched up to October 1st, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials, observational studies of prospective and retrospective designs, and cross-sectional studies reporting on levels of BTMs in GCF were eligible for inclusion. The quality of the included RCTs was assessed per the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0), whereas the risk of bias of the included cohort studies was assessed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool. Results Five RCTs, 9 prospective cohort studies, and 1 cross-sectional study fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was deemed as high for the RCTs and 4 of the prospective studies and moderate for the rest of the studies. The following biomarkers for bone formation were assessed: bone alcaline phosphatase (BALP), alcaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin (OC). For bone resorption, the following BTMs were assessed: deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and pyridinoline (PYD), N-terminal telopeptide (NTX), osteopontin (OPN), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The follow-up period ranged mainly from baseline to 45 days, although one study had an expanded follow-up period of up to 16 months. The results of the included studies comparing different BTMs were heterogeneous and qualitatively reported. Conclusions Current evidence continues to support the potential for BTMs to provide clinically useful information particularly for adjusting or standardizing the orthodontic stimulus. The present systematic review has retrieved studies of high, overall, risk of bias, and has unveiled a substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity among included studies. Further data of the relationships between the clinical assays and the physiological or pre-analytical factors contributing to variability in BTMs’ concentrations are required. Systematic review registration CRD42020212056.

scholarly journals MMP-8, TRAP-5, and OPG Levels in GCF Diagnostic Potential to Discriminate between Healthy Patients’, Mild and Severe Periodontitis Sites

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1500
Author(s):  
Marcela Hernández ◽  
Mauricio Baeza ◽  
Johanna Contreras ◽  
Timo Sorsa ◽  
Taina Tervahartiala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
High Discrimination ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Biomarkers represent promising aids in periodontitis, host-mediate diseases of the tooth-supporting tissues. We assessed the diagnostic potential of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5 (TRAP-5), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) to discriminate between healthy patients’, mild and severe periodontitis sites. Thirty-one otherwise healthy volunteers with and without periodontal disease were enrolled at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile. Periodontal parameters were examined and gingival crevicular fluid was sampled from mild periodontitis sites (M; n = 42), severe periodontitis sites (S; n = 59), and healthy volunteer sites (H; n = 30). TRAP-5 and OPG were determined by commercial multiplex assay and MMP-8 by the immunofluorometric (IFMA) method. STATA software was used. All biomarkers showed a good discrimination performance. MMP-8 had the overall best performance in regression models and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, with high discrimination of healthy from periodontitis sites (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.901). OPG showed a very high diagnostic precision (AUC ≥ 0.95) to identify severe periodontitis sites (S versus H + M), while TRAP-5 identified both healthy and severe sites. As conclusions, MMP-8, TRAP-5, and OPG present a high precision potential in the identification of periodontal disease destruction, with MMP-8 as the most accurate diagnostic biomarker.

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