scholarly journals Oral Hygiene in a Sample of Children/Adolescents Living in Family-Homes from the Province of Milan (Italy): A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nota ◽  
Floriana Bosco ◽  
Shideh Ehsani ◽  
Francesca Giugliano ◽  
Giulia Moreo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instructions

Objective: This pilot study is a prospective controlled clinical trial, designed to evaluate the short-term clinical results (the plaque index) of an educational/motivational program for home oral hygiene, directed to children and adolescents who live in family-homes. Methods: The setting of the project was the province of Milan (Italy), where two family-homes were selected. The study group included 26 children (16 females and 10 males) aged between 7 and 15 years, of Italian nationality, from the family-home communities. The control group included 26 children (15 females and 11 males, aged between 7 and 15 years) of Italian nationality, matched for age and gender distribution with the study group, that were not in a socially disadvantaged condition. Collection of the plaque index (PI) was performed at t0. Then, all basic oral hygiene instructions were given to all children/adolescents and their educators. Education and motivation were repeated in the same way after 4–7 weeks (T1), and after 10–12 weeks (T2). The PI was taken also at T1 and T2. Results: An improvement in the PI was generally found in both groups, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups over time. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed a statistically significant effect of time [F (1, 52) = 90.73, p < 0.001], regardless of the assignment group, in consequence of which the plaque index presented a moderate and significant improvement. Conclusion: The present data confirm the validity of the educational/motivational program to improve oral hygiene in children/adolescents, regardless of the assignment group.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Effectiveness of a Toothpaste Containing Tea Tree Oil and Ethanolic Extract of Propolis on the Improvement of Oral Health in Patients Using Removable Partial Dentures

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 4071
Author(s):  
Karolina Wiatrak ◽  
Tadeusz Morawiec ◽  
Rafał Rój ◽  
Patryk Kownacki ◽  
Aleksandra Nitecka-Buchta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of toothpaste containing natural tea tree essential oil (TTO) and ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP), on microflora and selected indicators of oral health in patients using removable acrylic partial dentures. Fifty patients with varying conditions of hygiene were divided into two groups. The study group received the toothpaste with TTO and EEP, while the control group received the same toothpaste but without TTO and EEP. At the first visit, oral hygiene and hygiene of the prostheses were carried out. Control visits took place 7 and 28 days later and compared to baseline. Indexes like API (Approximal Plaque Index), mSBI (modified Sulcus Bleeding Index), OHI-s (simplified Oral Hygiene Index), and DPI (Denture Plaque Index) were assessed in three subsequent stages, and swabs were collected from floor of the mouth area to assess the microbiota. After 7 and 28 days of using the toothpaste with TTO and EEP, a statistically significant decrease of the examined indicator values were observed in the study group as compared to the values upon the initial visit. The number of isolated strains of microorganisms in the study group was decreased or maintained at the same level, whereas in the control group an increase in the number of isolated strains was observed. The observed stabilization of oral microbiota in patients from the study group confirms the beneficial activity of toothpaste containing EEP and TTO compared to the control group.

scholarly journals Treatment Success and User-Friendliness of An Electric Toothbrush App: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Viviane Humm ◽  
Daniel Wiedemeier ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
Patrick Schmidlin ◽  
Stefanie Gartenmann
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Electric Toothbrush ◽  
And Control

Electronic and mobile health (eHealth/mHealth) are rapidly growing areas in medicine and digital technologies are gaining importance. In dentistry, digitalization is also an emerging topic, whereby more and more applications are being offered. As an example, using real-time feedback, digital application software (an app) was designed to help users brush their teeth more accurately. However, there is no data on the effectiveness and haptic of such apps. Therefore, a single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial was designed: twenty volunteers received an electric toothbrush with an associated app to assess whether the app-assisted toothbrushing is better than without. After a short period of familiarization with the electric toothbrush, plaque index (O‘Leary et al. 1972) was recorded and subjects were assigned to the test (with app; n = 10) or the control group (no app; n = 10). At the end of the 2-week pilot study period, plaque was again assessed and participants in the test group completed a questionnaire about the app’s user-friendliness. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences between the test and control groups. The plaque index improved on average by 8.5% points in the test and 4.7% points in the control group. Fifty percent of the test group participants were of the opinion that they had achieved better cleaning results and would recommend the app to others, although the app contributed only marginally to increased plaque removal. However, such apps may nevertheless be helpful as motivational tools, especially when tracking and monitoring cleaning data. Therefore, more development and research on this topic is indicated.

scholarly journals Salivary Markers and Microbial Flora in Mouth Breathing Late Adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Mummolo ◽  
Alessandro Nota ◽  
Silvia Caruso ◽  
Vincenzo Quinzi ◽  
Enrico Marchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Mouth Breathing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Palatal Expansion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instructions

Objective. This is a 6-month observational case-control study that aims to estimate plaque index (PI), salivary flow, buffering capacity of saliva, and specific Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus rates in a mouth breathing late adolescents sample, after a professional oral hygiene procedure and home oral hygiene instructions. Subjects and Methods. A sample of 20 mouth breathing late adolescents/young adults (average: 19.2±2.5; range: 18–23 years) and a matched control group of nose breathing subjects (average: 18.3±3.2; range 18–23 years) were included in the study. All the participants were subjected to a professional oral hygiene procedure and appropriate home oral hygiene instructions (t0). After three months (t1) and six months (t2), the PI, salivary flow, buffering capacity of saliva, and S. mutans and Lactobacilli rates were recorded. Results. The mean buffering capacity of saliva and the salivary flow rate showed no significant difference between the two groups, all over the observational period. For PI, a significantly higher mode (score 1 of PI) was observed in the study group at t1 (score 0 = 35% of subjects; score 1 = 60%; score 2 = 5%) and t2 (score 1 = 65% of subjects, score 2 = 35%), with respect to control group. Furthermore, mouth breathing subjects show a significant 4 times higher risk to develop S. mutans CFU > 105 (CI lower limit: 0.95; CI upper limit: 9.48; chi-square: 4.28; p=0.03), with respect to the control subjects. Conclusions. Mouth breathing late adolescents show a significantly higher risk to develop S. mutans CFU > 105 and an increased level of PI. Interceptive orthodontic treatments in growing subjects, like palatal expansion, are encouraged to improve the nasal air flow. In older subjects, orthodontic treatments should be performed with removable appliances like clear aligners, in order to allow a better oral hygiene level.

scholarly journals Effects of remote digital monitoring on oral hygiene of orthodontic patients: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Sangalli ◽  
Fabio Savoldi ◽  
Domenico Dalessandri ◽  
Stefano Bonetti ◽  
Min Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Remote Monitoring System ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Digital Monitoring ◽  
Plaque Control

Abstract Background Remote digital monitoring during orthodontic treatment can help patients in improving their oral hygiene performance and reducing the number of appointments due to emergency reasons, especially in time of COVID-19 pandemic where non-urgent appointments might be discouraged. Methods Thirty patients scheduled to start an orthodontic treatment were divided into two groups of fifteen. Compared to controls, study group patients were provided with scan box and cheek retractor (Dental Monitoring®) and were instructed to take monthly intra-oral scans. Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), and White Spot Lesions (WSL) were recorded for both groups at baseline (t0), every month for the first 3 months (t1, t2, t3), and at 6 months (t4). Carious Lesions Onset (CLO) and Emergency Appointments (EA) were also recorded during the observation period. Inter-group differences were assessed with Student's t test and Chi-square test, intra-group differences were assessed with Cochran’s Q-test (significance α = 0.05). Results Study group patients showed a significant improvement in plaque control at t3 (p = 0.010) and t4 (p = 0.039), compared to control group. No significant difference was observed in the number of WSL between the two groups. No cavities were detected in the study group, while five CLO were diagnosed in the control group (p = 0.049). A decreased number of EA was observed in the study group, but the difference was not significant. Conclusions Integration of a remote monitoring system during orthodontic treatment was effective in improving plaque control and reducing carious lesions onset. The present findings encourage orthodontists to consider this technology to help maintaining optimal oral health of patients, especially in times of health emergency crisis.

scholarly journals The influence of text messaging on oral hygiene effectiveness

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Brent Bowen ◽  
Daniel J. Rinchuse ◽  
Thomas Zullo ◽  
Mark E. DeMaria
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Text Message ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Hygiene Compliance

ABSTRACT Objective:  To investigate whether text message reminders regarding oral hygiene have an effect on plaque removal in orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods:  In this randomized, controlled clinical trial, 50 orthodontic patients were assigned to either a text message or control group. Patients in the text message group received 12 text messages over the course of 4 weeks and one text message for 8 weeks thereafter. Photos were taken at baseline (T0), at 4 weeks after baseline (T1), and at 12 weeks after baseline (T2). For each subject, photos of eight teeth were taken and then the area of the tooth and amount of plaque were measured using planimetry. Results:  There was a statistically significant difference in plaque coverage between baseline and both T1 and T2 in the text message group as measured using planimetry. This was demonstrated by comparing the average measurements of the control group and the treatment group. Conclusion:  This study demonstrated that the use of automated text message reminders sent from an orthodontic office was effective in improving oral hygiene compliance in orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF SUPERVISED TOOTH BRUSHING EXERCISE ON THE ORAL HYGIENE STATUS OF SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN IN PESHAWAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 957-61
Author(s):  
Samrina Nasir ◽  
Rubab Jawed ◽  
Zeeshan Kibria ◽  
Shazia Makhdoom ◽  
Aiman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Tooth Brushing ◽  
Index Score ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Government School ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To determine the effects of supervised tooth brushing exercise on the oral hygiene status of school going children in Peshawar. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at a girl’s government school in university town, Peshawar, from Jul to Dec 2018. Methodology: All girls between age 7-10 years with mixed dentition, minimum plaque index score 2 and gingival index score 0 were included in the study. Sixty four girls were allocated into group A (intervention) and group B (control) using computer generated random numbers. Intervention group (32 subjects) was exposed to video plus supervised tooth brushing on a cast model while control group (32 subjects) only exposed to video on brushing technique. The plaque index score was recorded for oral hygiene status as outcome measure of intervention after one month. Results: The mean age of the participants was 9.53 ± 1.08 years. There was statistically significant difference in the plaque scores of interventional and control group after one month (0.3125 ± 0.470 vs. 1.312 ± 0.644, p<0.001) as compared to baseline data (1.90 ± 0.296 vs. 2.0 ± 0.00, p=0.83). The difference for frequency of tooth brushing between the two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.088). Parental watch during tooth brushing between the two groups was statistically insignificant (p=0.055). Conclusion: Supervised tooth brushing improved the oral hygiene status of the children therefore oral health education was effective in establishing good oral health among school children.

Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in Relation to Periodontal Health Status Among a Group of Hypertensive Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Iman Z AlMudaris ◽  
Nadia A AlRawi
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Level ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Attachment Level

Background: Hypertension is probably the most important public health problem around the world. People with periodontal disease may be at greater risk of hypertension. The inflammatory effects of periodontal disease help to promote endothelial dysfunction in arteries which may lead to changes in blood pressure. Salivary MMP-8 has been associated with both periodontal disease and prevalent hypertension. Aim of study: This study was conducted to measure salivary matrix metalloproteinase - 8, in relation to periodontal health condition among a group of patients with hypertension in comparison with control group. Materials and methods: Ninety subjects, aged 45-50 years old were included in this study, seeking treatment for chest pain in Ibn-AlBaytar center for cardiac surgical treatments in Baghdad, Iraq. The subjects were divided into study group (45 patient) who were diagnosed to be a hypertensive patient, and a control group (45 subject), with no hypertension. Plaque status was evaluated according to the Silness and Loe, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level. Unstimulated saliva was collected from all subjects to analyses MMP-8. Result: A high mean value of plaque index, clinical attachment level and probing pocket depth for the study group than the control group with statistically no significant difference. In addition to that, a significant positive correlation between the plaque index and the clinical attachment level among both groups. Salivary MMP-8 level showed a higher level in the study group than in the control group, with statistically significant difference between groups, and a significant positive correlation was detected between salivary MMP-8 with plaque index, among study group, Conclusions: Higher percentage of periodontal diseases was found among patients with blood hypertension. In addition, high level of salivary MMP-8 is potentially associated with periodontal status of the study group.

scholarly journals Assessment of the correlations between nicotine dependence, exhaled carbon monoxide levels and oral hygiene status: an observational study

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minodora Moga ◽  
Adina Bianca Bosca ◽  
Cosmina Ioana Bondor ◽  
Aranka Ilea ◽  
Ondine Patricia Lucaciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exhaled Carbon Monoxide

Background and aims. Cigarette smoking has negative effects on general health, including oral health. The aim of our study was to assess the correlations between nicotine dependence, exhaled carbon monoxide levels and oral hygiene status.Methods. Smoker and non-smoker participants were enrolled in this observational study. The Fagerström test was used to classify nicotine dependences: low (score: 0-3), medium (score: 4-6) or high (score: 7-10). The oral hygiene status was classified according to the oral hygiene indices of plaque, calculus and gingival inflammation. Lastly, the exhaled carbon monoxide levels were measured with a MicroSmokelyzer (Bedfont Scientific Ltd., Kent, United Kingdom).Results. Sixty five participants (50 smokers in the study group and 15 non-smokers in the control group) were enrolled between 11th and 29th of January 2016. No statistical differences were observed between the study group and the control group in terms of age (mean age±SD 23.5±1.9 and 24.0±1.5, respectively) or gender (50% and 26.6%, respectively). A statistically significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in terms of plaque, (p=0.036), calculus (p=0.001) and gingival indices (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between the exhaled levels of carbon monoxide and the general Fagerström score (r=0.97, p<0.001) or the Fagerström score in smokers (r=0.93, p<0.001); a negative correlation was observed between the exhaled carbon monoxide levels and the number of tooth brushings daily (r=–0.41, p=0.001). The plaque index was statistically significantly associated with the exhaled carbon monoxide levels (p=0.008), general Fagerström score (p=0.016) and number of tooth brushings daily (p<0.001). The calculus and gingival indices were statistically significantly associated with the exhaled carbon monoxide levels (p<0.001), general Fagerström score (p<0.001) and score in smoker participants (p=0.029 and p=0.001, respectively) as well as the number of tooth brushings daily (p<0.001).Conclusions. Our study found a significant association between the plaque, calculus and gingival indices and smoking. Moreover, nicotine dependence was significantly associated with the number of daily tooth brushings and the gingival index.

scholarly journals Oral Hygiene (OHI-S) and DMFT Status among Type 1 Diabetic Adolescents Aged 12-19 Years: A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 260-263
Author(s):  
Vasudha Bhagat ◽  
Mehtab Singh Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Form Type

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes in any form (type 1 or type 2) has the potential to affect the oral health of an individual. AIM: To assess the oral hygiene status (simplified) and DMFT among adolescents aged 12-19 years with type 1 diabetes (cases) in Jammu District, Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India MATERIALS AND METHOD: A total of 50 patients aged 12-19 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus, screened via medical history from  August 2017 to August 2018 were enrolled in the study. The control group consisted of 51 healthy adolescents matched for age and gender selected randomly. The DMFT index was used to record the Decayed, Missing, Filled teeth, while the OHI-S Index was used to assess the Oral Hygiene Status. The examinations were done under artificial light and  data was analyzed using SPSS version  19.0. The t-test, Odd’s Ratio (OR) and multiple regression were used to analyze the data.  RESULTS: Of a total of 101 participants(50 cases and 51 controls) enrolled in the study, cases reported higher values of OHI-S and DMFT  as compared to controls. The cases had an OHI-S score of 3.12±3.2 indicating poor oral hygiene, the controls’ score of 2.54±1.1 revealed fair oral hygiene and no significant statistical differences were found (OR=2.1). A significant difference (p=0.03) was seen upon comparison of DMFT among cases (4.67±6.6) and controls (3.82±2.9). The cases were 1.7 (OR) times more likely to have higher DMF values as compared to controls CONCLUSION: Efforts must be reinforced among adolescents emphasizing the importance of oral health, through more frequent dental education camps in Jammu district, J&K, India

scholarly journals Microcurrent application as analgesic treatment in venous ulcers: a pilot study

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raciele Ivandra Guarda Korelo ◽  
Silvia Valderramas ◽  
Bruno Ternoski ◽  
Danilo Sanches Medeiros ◽  
Letícia Fernandes Andres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Analgesic Treatment ◽  
Ulcer Area ◽  
Venous Ulcers ◽  
Graph Paper ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Single Blind

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of microcurrent electrical stimulation on pain and area of venous ulcers. In a pilot study for a single-blind controlled clinical trial, carried out at an outpatient clinic during four weeks, 14 subjects with venous ulcers (mean age 62±9 years) were divided in two groups: microcurrent (n=8) and control group (n=6). Pain (by Visual Analogue Scale) and the ulcer area were measured by planimetry. There was a significant difference between the two groups with respect to pain (microcurrent group from 8.5 (6.5-9.75) to 3.5 (1-4.75) and control group from 7.5 (5.75-10) to 8.5 (5.5-10), p<0.01). Non-significant changes were found with respect to ulcer area (planimetry by graph paper, p=0.41 and by Image J®, p=0.41). In conclusion, the application of microcurrent improves the pain of patients with venous ulcers (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01372020).

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