scholarly journals The Influence of Stress and Anxiety on the Expectation, Perception and Memory of Dental Pain in Schoolchildren

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Lamarca ◽  
Mario Vettore ◽  
Angela Monteiro da Silva

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of stress and anxiety with the expectation, perception and memory of dental pain among schoolchildren. A follow-up study involving 46 children aged 9 to 12 years was conducted in a public school in the city of Petropolis (RJ), Brazil. Demographic characteristics, stress (children’s stress scale), and state and trait anxiety (state–trait anxiety inventory) were recorded before a dental procedure to restore the occlusal surface of a permanent first molar under local anaesthetic. Dental pain was assessed using the faces pain scale before (dental pain expectation), immediately after (dental pain perception) and six weeks after (memory of dental pain) the dental procedure. Dental pain expectation scores were significantly higher than dental pain perception, independent of the levels of stress, state anxiety and trait anxiety. Children with high scores of stress (OR 1.05 95%CI 1.02–1.09), state anxiety (OR 1.15 95%CI 1.05–1.27) and trait anxiety (OR 1.18 95%CI 1.07–1.30) were more likely to report greater scores of dental pain expectation. Children anticipated more dental pain than what was actually perceived after the dental restoration. Children with greater levels of stress and anxiety have a distorted evaluation of expected dental pain before the dental procedure.

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mildred A. Pointer ◽  
Sadiqa Yancey ◽  
Ranim Abou-Chacra ◽  
Patricia Petrusi ◽  
Sandra J. Waters ◽  
...  

Although several studies have shown that enhanced cardiovascular reactivity can predict hypertension development in African Americans, these findings have not been consistent among all studies examining reactivity and hypertension susceptibility. This inconsistency may be explained by the influence of anxiety (state and trait) on the blood pressure response to stress. Therefore, this study sought to determine whether anxiety is associated with blood pressure response to cold pressor (CP) and anger recall (AR) stress tests in young healthy African Americans. Modeling using state and trait anxiety revealed that state anxiety predicts systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure DBP response to CP and AR (P≤0.02). Interestingly, state anxiety predicted heart rate changes only to CP (P<0.01;P=0.3for AR). Although trait anxiety was associated with SBP response to AR and not CP, it was not a significant predictor of reactivity in our models. We conclude that anxiety levels may contribute to the variable blood pressure response to acute stressors and, therefore, should be assessed when performing cardiovascular reactivity measures.


1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Weinberg ◽  
Marvin Genuchi

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the relationship between competitive trait anxiety (CTA), state anxiety, and golf performance in a field setting. Ten low, moderate, and high CTA collegiate golfers (N = 30) performed in a practice round on Day 1 and Day 2 of a competitive tournament. State anxiety results indicated a significant CTA main effect with low CTA subjects displaying lower state anxiety than moderate or high CTA subjects. The competition main effect was also significant, with post hoc tests indicating higher levels of state anxiety during Day 1 and Day 2 than during the practice round. Performance results produced a significant CTA main effect with low CTA subjects displaying higher levels of performance than moderate or high CTA subjects. Correlations between SCAT and state anxiety indicated that SCAT was a good predictor of precompetitive state anxiety. The direction of state anxiety and performance CTA main effects provide support for Oxendine's (1970) contentions that sports requiring fine muscle coordination and precision (e.g., golf) are performed best at low levels of anxiety. Future directions for research are offered.


2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452110331
Author(s):  
Justine Hussong ◽  
Alisha Rosenthal ◽  
Annelie Bernhardt ◽  
Sara Fleser ◽  
Miriam Langenbeck ◽  
...  

Background Maternal anxiety increases the risk for incontinence in children. The aim was to analyze anxiety in children with incontinence and their parents before (t1) and after 6 months of incontinence treatment (t2). Methods 40 children with incontinence and 40 controls completed the State-trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, their parents the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the State-trait Anxiety Inventory at baseline (t1) and 6 months later (follow-up, t2). Psychiatric disorders were assessed by a standardized parental diagnostic interview (Kinder-DIPS), IQ was tested by a one-dimensional test. All children were neurologically examined. Children with incontinence underwent a guideline-based treatment during the 6 months. Results At baseline, child and parental state and trait anxiety scores, as well as all CBCL scores were significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group. At t2, parental anxiety, CBCL scores, and child trait anxiety were significantly higher in patients versus controls, whereas child state anxiety decreased, and parental state anxiety increased from t1 to t2. Conclusions Incontinence and anxiety are associated. While state anxiety decreases, trait anxiety can remain stable over time. Higher levels of anxiety can influence incontinence treatment and should be assessed in every patient.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Strasser ◽  
Lijing Xin ◽  
Rolf Gruetter ◽  
Carmen Sandi

AbstractIndividual differences in anxiety provide a differential predisposition to develop neuropsychiatric disorders. The neurochemical underpinnings of anxiety remain elusive, particularly in deep structures, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc) whose involvement in anxiety is being increasingly recognized. We examined the associations between the neurochemical profile of human NAc metabolites involved in neural excitation and inhibition and inter-individual variation in temperamental and situational anxiety. Twenty-seven healthy 20-30 years-old human males were phenotyped with questionnaires for state and trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), social anxiety (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) and fatigue (Mental and Physical State Energy and Fatigue Scales, SEF). Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at 7 Tesla (7T), we measured metabolite levels for glutamate, glutamine, GABA and taurine in the NAc with. Salivary cortisol was also measured. Strikingly, trait anxiety was negatively associated with NAc taurine content. Perceived situational stress was negatively associated with NAc GABA, while positively with the Glu/GABA ratio. These findings were specific, as no correlation was observed between NAc taurine or GABA and other phenotypic variables examined (i.e., state anxiety, social anxiety, depression, or cortisol), except for a negative correlation between taurine and state physical fatigue. This first 7T study of NAc neurochemistry shows relevant metabolite associations with individual variation in anxiety traits and situational stress and state anxiety measurements. The novel identified association between NAc taurine levels and trait anxiety may pave the way for clinical studies aimed at identifying new treatments for anxiety and related disorders.


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Rubens Venditti Júnior ◽  
Rômulo Dantas Alves ◽  
Ivan Wallan Tertuliano ◽  
Vivian De Oliveira ◽  
Gustavo Lima Isler

Introdução: A competição é intrínseca ao esporte e pode gerar estados emocionais variados, com o potencial de influenciar o rendimento. Dentre estes, a ansiedade aparece como elemento emocional e, em conjunto com o processo de estresse, se configuram como aspectos psicológicos a serem observados. Estes aspectos não são diferentes no esporte universitário e aparecem intensamente nos períodos das competições. Objetivo: Identificar o nível de ansiedade-traço, ansiedade-estado e de estresse em atletas universitários de handebol de duas equipes diferentes do interior do estado de São Paulo. Métodos: A amostra deste estudo foi composta por 22 atletas universitários de handebol, do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 21±1,8 anos. Os atletas responderam ao “Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado” (IDATE) e ao “Situações de Stress no Handebol” (SSH). Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que as situações mais citadas pelos atletas como causadoras de estresse foram: “errar tiros de 7m em momentos decisivos do jogo”; “estar perdendo para equipe tecnicamente inferior”; “errar um arremesso completamente livre”; “arbitragem prejudicar minha equipe”; “ser excluído nos momentos decisivos da partida” e “sofrer gol devido à falha defensiva”. Em relação à ansiedade, os resultados demonstraram que todos os atletas demonstraram, de forma geral, níveis de ansiedade-traço e ansiedade-estado considerados moderados (36,59 e 41,45, respectivamente). Conclusão: Diante dos resultados, pode-se tecer que os atletas investigados apresentaram algumas situações de jogo como estressores e que, em relação a ansiedade, os níveis dos atletas encontram-se moderados.ABSTRACT. Stress and anxiety in handball college athletes. Background: Competition is intrinsic to sport and can generate so many emotional states with the potential to influence performance. Among these states, anxiety appears as emotional element and, in addiction with stress process, they configure themselves as psychological aspects to be observed. These aspects are not different in college sports scope and appear intensively at competition´s periods. Objective: To identify the level of trait anxiety, state anxiety and stress process in university handball athletes of two different teams at São Paulo State in Brazil. Methods: The sample of this study was composed of 22 male handball university athletes, with a mean age of 21±1.8 years. The athletes answered to the “State-Trait Anxiety Inventory” (STAI) and to “Situations of Stress in Handball” (SSH). Results: The results indicated that the situations most cited by athletes as causing stress were: “miss 7-meter shots at decisive moments of the game”; “Being lost to technically inferior staff”; “Miss a pitch completely free”; “Arbitration hamper my team”; “To be excluded in the decisive moments of the game” and “to concede a goal due to defensive failure”. Concerning anxiety, the results showed that all athletes showed, in general, levels of anxiety-trait and anxiety-state considered moderate (36.59 and 41.45, respectively). Conclusion: In view of the results, it can be seen that the athletes investigated presented some situations of play as stressors and that, in relation to anxiety, the levels of the athletes are moderate.


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