scholarly journals Nanoparticle-Based Biosensing Assay for Universally Accessible Low-Cost TB Detection with Comparable Sensitivity as Culture

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruben Kenny Briceno ◽  
Shane Ryan Sergent ◽  
Santiago Moises Benites ◽  
Evangelyn C. Alocilja
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy ◽  
Standard Culture

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death globally, surpassing HIV. Furthermore, multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB have become global public health threats. Care of TB patients starts with quality, accessible, and affordable diagnosis. The study presents a novel technique called nanoparticle-based colorimetric biosensing assay (NCBA) based on the principles of magnetically activated cell enrichment. A total of 1108 sputum samples were subjected to sputum smear microscopy (SSM), NCBA, and standard culture. SSM and NCBA were completed in 20 min; culture was completed in 8 weeks. Results show that NCBA has matching sensitivity of 100.0% and specificity of 99.7% compared to the gold standard culture method at a cost of $0.50/test based on Peruvian conditions. Sputum smear microscopy has 63.87% sensitivity compared to culture. NCBA has the potential of being used in local health clinics as it only requires a microscope that is widely available in many rural areas. Because NCBA could detect low levels of bacterial load comparable to culture, it could be used for rapid and early TB-onset detection. The gain in time is critical as TB is airborne and highly infectious, minimizing contact exposure. Early detection could lead to early treatment, while the patient’s immune system is still high. The low cost makes NCBA affordable and accessible to those who need them the most.

scholarly journals What a difference a day makes: same-day vs. 2-day sputum smear microscopy for diagnosing tuberculosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Deka ◽  
B. Choudhury ◽  
P. Talukdar ◽  
T. Q. Lo ◽  
B. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy

scholarly journals Ziehl–Neelsen sputum smear microscopy image database: a resource to facilitate automated bacilli detection for tuberculosis diagnosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 027503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Imran Shah ◽  
Smriti Mishra ◽  
Vinod Kumar Yadav ◽  
Arun Chauhan ◽  
Malay Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Database ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy ◽  
Microscopy Image ◽  
Tuberculosis Diagnosis

scholarly journals Clinical impact and cost analysis of the use of either the Xpert MTB Rif test or sputum smear microscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 631-637
Author(s):  
Anália Zuleika de Castro ◽  
Adriana Rezende Moreira ◽  
Jaqueline Oliveira ◽  
Paulo Albuquerque Costa ◽  
Carolyne Lalucha Alves Lima Da Graça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy

scholarly journals Factors associated with unfavorable outcome of tuberculosis treatment in people deprived of liberty: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanci Michele Saita ◽  
Rubia Laine de Paula Andrade ◽  
Pedro Augusto Bossonario ◽  
Rafaele Oliveira Bonfim ◽  
Paula Hino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Unfavorable Outcome ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy ◽  
Factors Associated

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze factors associated with unfavorable outcome of tuberculosis treatment in people deprived of liberty. Method: systematic review, carried out in March 2021 in seven databases, with no delimitation of period of publication. The selection process of publications and data extraction was carried out by two independent reviewers. Results: a total of 1,448 publications was identified and nine were included in the study. Unfavorable outcome was higher among those who were men; had low level of education; were living in a rural area before detention; had longer prison time; received occasional visits; had been transferred between prisons; with no sputum smear microscopy or with a positive result at the diagnosis; with no follow-up sputum smear microscopy, previous history of tuberculosis; having both clinical forms of the disease, HIV/AIDS; alcoholics; smokers; low body weight; and self-administered treatment. Treatment default was associated with young people and death with older people. Conclusion: prison health managers and professionals are expected to establish mechanisms of surveillance and health actions innovation aimed at the population deprived of liberty, making efforts to reduce the unfavorable outcomes of tuberculosis treatment.

scholarly journals Association between Xpert MTB/RIF cycle threshold values and sputum smear microscopy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
pp. e20200549
Author(s):  
Gabriela Carpin Pagano1 ◽  
Giovana Rodrigues Pereira1,2 ◽  
Karen Gomes D'Ávila3 ◽  
Luciana Rott Monaiar3 ◽  
Denise Rossato Silva1,3,4
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy ◽  
Cycle Threshold

scholarly journals Optimising fluorescein diacetate sputum smear microscopy for assessing patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e0214131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumona Datta ◽  
Keren Alvarado ◽  
Robert H. Gilman ◽  
Teresa Valencia ◽  
Christian Aparicio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Fluorescein Diacetate ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy

scholarly journals Sputum Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnostic Dropout Rate in Public Health Facilities, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Daniel Melese Desalegn ◽  
Kumera Terfa Kitila ◽  
Boja Dufera Taddese ◽  
Tinsae Kidanemariam Hailu ◽  
Tariku Takle Dinku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
P Value ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy ◽  
Public Health Facilities ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Background. Prolonged laboratory diagnostic process of tuberculosis can lead to failure to complete the diagnosis and increase dropout rate of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases. This implies such dropout patients without completing diagnosis are critical as infected individuals remain untreated in the community, providing more opportunities for transmission of the disease and adversely affecting the epidemic. The aim of this research is to determine the level of smear positive PTB diagnosis dropout rate of spot-morning-spot sputum microscopy diagnosis method in public health facilities, in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods. Retrospective review of patient documents in 13 public health facilities’ TB laboratory in Addis Ababa was conducted from October 2011 to March 2016. Data was computerized using Epi-info software and analysed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Descriptive numerical summaries were used to present the findings. Association between the dropout rate and demographic variables was assessed by Chi-square (X2). Bivariate model using Odds Ratio (OR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was calculated. P-Value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results. Of 41,884 presumptive TB patients registered during the 53 months for laboratory investigation, 5.9% were positive for the first spot sputum smear microscopy. Among these positive cases, 142 (5.8%) and 298 (12.1%) did not come back to the laboratory to submitted early morning and second spot sputum specimens, respectively. The diagnostic dropout for morning sputum specimen in hospitals was 5.6% (58/1039) and in health centres was 5.9% (84/1424). However, higher proportion of dropout for second spot sputum specimen in hospitals was 16.4% (170/1039), compared to the health centres, 8.9% (128/1424). Diagnostic dropout of sputum smear microscopy had no significant association with sociodemographic variable (P value >0.05), while it had significant association with facility type (P value <0.05). Conclusion. In this study smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis diagnostic dropout rate was high compared to WHO reported for the new strategy shift implying the importance of shifting to same-day approach. Hence, shifting from conventional to same day is crucial to minimize the TB diagnostic dropout rate in the study area and other similar settings. Further research is needed/recommended in the local setting to compare the yield and dropout rates between same-day and conventional sputum smear microscopy approach.

Sputum smear microscopy in the Xpert® MTB/RIF era

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Deun ◽  
S. Tahseen ◽  
D. Affolabi ◽  
M. A. Hossain ◽  
M. L. Joloba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Sputum Smear Microscopy
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