scholarly journals Rapid Gout Detection Method and Kit

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Srinivas Pentyala ◽  
Rebecca Monastero ◽  
Sai Palati ◽  
Elizabeth Varghese ◽  
Amith Anugu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Polarized Microscopy ◽  
Complex Procedure

Gout is a form of arthritis characterized by buildup of uric acid in synovial fluid, which causes severe swelling and can harm joints, tendons, and other tissues. It affects approximately 4% of the United States population, or approximately 8.3 million people nationwide and is therefore a topic of epidemiologic consideration due to its prevalence. Gout is typically diagnosed via polarized microscopy of arthroscopically-aspirated synovial fluid, which is a costly, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and technically complex procedure, warranting a simpler and less complex method for diagnosis. Here, we propose and validate a colorimetric method which is based on the ability of uric acid to reduce silver nitrate. We also assessed how the colorimetric change can be accelerated by changing the concentration of silver nitrate or adding different silver catalysts, as well as develop a matrix bed for improved handling and ease of use. When translated to the clinic, this diagnostic method for gout will have the potential to increase diagnostic efficiency and accelerate patient care at the bedside.

scholarly journals Clinical Validation of Rapid Gout Detection Method and Kit

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Amith Anugu ◽  
Rebecca Monastero ◽  
Sahana Pentyala ◽  
Vamiq M. Mustahsan ◽  
Yanming Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Accessible Method

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis, which causes intense, acute pain due to the buildup of uric acid crystals in synovial fluid. The gold standard for gout diagnosis consists of synovial fluid analysis by polarized light microscopy, which is costly, time-intensive, and technique-dependent, therefore meriting a more efficient, inexpensive, and accessible method for diagnosis. We previously developed and validated a novel colorimetric gout detection method and device based on the reduction of silver nitrate by uric acid; here, we clinically validated our method and device using arthroscopically obtained synovial fluid samples from gout patients. We successfully identified uric acid crystals in clinical samples via our colorimetric method, visualized uric acid crystals in synovial fluid via handheld microscopy, and determined that silver nitrate stain did not interfere with the microscopic visualization of uric acid crystals necessary for diagnosis. We also developed and validated a method of processing turbid clinical samples for use in our device to prevent the obscuration of uric acid crystals by suspended material. Our method and device will clinically facilitate the immediate colorimetric diagnosis of gout and the subsequent bedside visualization of uric acid crystals in both ideal and turbid synovial fluid samples, allowing for a point-of-care diagnosis of gout.

scholarly journals ANGKA BANDING KADAR ASAM URAT AIR KEMIH TERHADAP SERUM DI DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 (Ratio of Urinary Uric Acid Levels and Serum Uric Acid in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Amarensi Milka Betaubun ◽  
Fitriani Mangarengi ◽  
Ruland DN Pakasi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Urinary Levels ◽  
Urine Serum

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) belongs to the group of metabolic diseases. The long-term complications of diabetes such as: diabeticretinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy, can be prevented or reduced by controlling the blood glucose levels. Impaired glucose tolerance,hypertension and dyslipidemia can decrease the disappearance from proximal tubules resulting in an increase in serum uric acid. The aimof the study to know the ratio of uric acid urine/serum in DMT2 with controls. This research study used a cross sectional study was andconducted on 35 samples of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 35 control samples of In- and Out-patient Clinics at the Dr. Wahidin SudirohusodoHospital, Makassar. The blood glucose, uric acid levels and urine uric acid were examined by ABX Pentra 400 (colorimetric method). Thenumber of DMT2 male patients was higher than females. Most of their age were between 50−54 years. The ratio of the urinary levels ofurine/serum UA was positively correlated to: age, sex, urine UA in DMT2 and control. Their data were analyzed with unpaired t test (p =0.00). This research showed that the ratio of urine/serum UA in DMT2 was 1.5 times than the controls. The results of this study showedan increase in the ratio of urinary levels of serum uric acid as 1.5 times higher than the controls.

scholarly journals Association of c-reactive protein and uric acid with Type 2 diabetes

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Safiqul Islam ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
Yearul Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Bangladeshi Population

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels that result from defects in insulin secretion or action or both. Some recent studies had shown that elevated level of C?reactive protein (CRP) and uric acid are involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, regardless of other characteristics of subjects. Our aim was to investigate the association between CRP and uric acid levels with diabetes in Bangladeshi population. Two hundred type 2 diabetic subjects (male 110, female 90) and 60 non diabetic subjects (30 male, 30 female) were included in the study over six months. CRP and uric acid were measured by Latex Agglutination method and enzymatic colorimetric method, respectively. CRP was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in diabetic compared to non-diabetic subjects for both male and female subjects. The level of uric acid was also significantly higher in male and female diabetic subjects (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) compared to non-diabetic subjects, respectively. In multiple regression analysis, CRP showed a positive association with uric acid and BMI in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. On the other hand, uric acid showed positive association with fasting blood sugar (FBS), diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c and CRP in case of diabetic subjects, but with age, BMI, CRP, HbA1c and creatinine in non-diabetic subject. Uric acid also shows a significantly (p < 0.001) positive Pearson correlation with CRP. These data strongly suggest that compared to non-diabetic subjects, diabetic subjects have significantly higher level of CRP and uric acid. Key words: C-reactive protein; Uric acid; Type 2 diabetes; Bangladeshi population DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v20i2.8980 DUJBS 2011; 20(2): 191-199

Abstract 371: DPPIV Inhibitor MK0626 Prevents Western Diet Induced Renal Injury via Suppression of Kidney Tissue Ras

Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Nistala ◽  
Javad Habibi ◽  
Annayya Aroor ◽  
Melvin R Hayden ◽  
Mona Garro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Dppiv Inhibitor ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Objectives: Obesity is an independent risk factor for development and progression of renal injury. High fructose corn syrup consumption has coincided with the obesity epidemic in the United States. High fructose (60%) diets have been demonstrated to be associated with elevation in BP and worsening insulin resistance along with renal injury via increased hepatic production of uric acid. Recently, DPPIV inhibitors have been shown to improve diabetic changes and sodium excretion, effects that are beyond glycemic control. Therefore, the renal protective benefits of DPPIV inhibition in a clinically relevant Western diet fed mouse model were examined. Methods: Mice fed a high fat/high fructose (WD) diet for 16 weeks and given a DPPIV inhibitor MK0626 in their diet were examined for metabolic parameters, inflammation, kidney renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and oxidative stress. Renal injury was assessed by biochemical, immunohistological and electron microscopy techniques. In vitro , angiotensin II (Ang II) effects on OKP-PTCs were assessed for mechanism. Results: MK0626 ameliorated WD-induced increases in serum uric acid, oxidative stress and RAS. WD induced suppression of IL-10 was reversed by MK0626. There was a tendency to improve HOMA-IR by MK0626 but no effect on BP and body weights. Diet induced DPPIV activation in the plasma and kidney of WD mice was abrogated by MK0626 (~80%). WD mice were characterized by increased proteinuria (~3-fold), mesangial expansion and podocyte effacement and these changes were prevented by MK0626. In addition, the PTC endocytosis protein megalin and basilar canalicular network and mitochondrial ultrastructure abnormalities were reversed by MK0626. WD mice had decreased sodium excretion which was improved by MK0626. Ang II directly increased DPPIV activity and sodium hydrogen exchanger activity in PTCs and decreased megalin protein, which was effectively prevented by MK0626. Conclusion: Thus, WD induced increases in DPPIV activity is associated with elevations in uric acid, renal RAS, inflammation and oxidative stress which may result in renal injury. These results suggest that DPPIV inhibitors prevent WD induced renal injury and offer a novel therapy for diabetic and obesity associated renal disease.

Bombing Flies

2018 ◽  
pp. 223-246
Author(s):  
Clapperton Chakanetsa Mavhunga
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Aerial Spraying ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Ground Spraying

This chapter explores the use of aircraft to spray organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). It begins by tracing the origins of the practice in KwaZulu, South Africa, where ndege were adopted for pesticide spraying because of their ease of use, capacity for large-scale coverage, very few personnel required, and capability to reach mpukane habitats otherwise inaccessible by ground spraying. The second section examines the technical aspects of aerial spraying as an example of the extension of methods designed in the United States for agricultural or military purposes to deal with zvipukanana and with conditions for which they were not originally designed. In the final sections, the deployment and performance of first fixed-wing aircraft and then helicopters are closely examined.

Impact of General Social Media Experience on Usefulness for Business in the Workplace

2014 ◽  
pp. 14-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Amoroso ◽  
Tsuneki Mukahi ◽  
Mikako Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Media Experience ◽  
Behavioral Intention To Use ◽  
Media Applications

This chapter looks at the adoption of general social media applications on usefulness for business, comparing the factors that influence adoption at work between Japan and the United States. In Japan, ease of use and usefulness for collective knowledge in general social media are predictors of usefulness for business social media, and in the United States, only usefulness for collective knowledge is a strong predictor of usefulness for business. The authors did not find behavioral intention to use social media in the workplace to be an important factor in predicting the usefulness of social media for business. The value of this research is its ability to understand the use of social media in the workplace to include how the experience of social media impacts on the expectation of usefulness for business and how the impact of ease of use differs from Japanese to the United States because of cultural, technological, and market reasons.

scholarly journals Association Between Vitamin D and Hyperuricemia Among Adults in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ying Zhang ◽  
Hong-Bin Qiu ◽  
Jin-Wei Tian
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Serum Uric Acid ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Total Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin D Intake ◽  
Supplemental Vitamin ◽  
Dietary Vitamin D

Background: Serum uric acid can act as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and as antioxidant defense. Vitamin D deficiency can activate the parathyroid to induce the release of parathyroid hormone, which was thought to increase serum uric acid level, and low vitamin D status may also be associated with risk of CVD. No known studies have explored the association between serum 25(OH) D, vitamin D intake, and HU for the American population.Methods: We extracted 15,723 US adults aged 20–85 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2007–2014. All dietary intakes were evaluated through 24-h dietary recalls. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the associations after adjustment for confounders.Results: Compared to the lowest quintile (Q1), for males, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of HU in Q2 to Q4 of serum 25(OH) D levels were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.65–0.93), 0.97 (0.81–1.16), and 0.72 (0.60–0.88); ORs in Q2–Q5 of total vitamin D intake were 0.83 (0.69–0.98), 0.69 (0.58–0.83), 0.66 (0.55–0.79), and 0.59 (0.48–0.71), respectively. In females, OR was 0.80 (0.66–0.97) of serum 25(OH) D for Q3, and ORs in Q5 of total vitamin D intake were 0.80 (0.65–0.98).Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the serum 25(OH) D intakes of dietary vitamin D, supplemental vitamin D, and total vitamin D were inversely associated with HU in males. In females, a lower risk of HU with higher serum 25(OH) D, dietary vitamin D, and total vitamin D intake was found, but with no association between supplemental vitamin D intake and the risk of HU.

Allopurinol: Intravenous Use for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperuricemia

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 1758-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard V. Smalley ◽  
Al Guaspari ◽  
Sandra Haase-Statz ◽  
Susan A. Anderson ◽  
Donna Cederberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Uric Acid Nephropathy

PURPOSE: To tabulate data obtained over a 21-year period to determine the efficacy and safety of an intravenous (IV) allopurinol preparation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: IV allopurinol was provided on a compassionate plea basis to patients of any age in whom xanthine oxidase inhibitor therapy was indicated as an adjunct to chemotherapy and for whom oral intake was restricted. Three hundred twenty-seven investigators at multiple hospitals in the United States treated 1,172 patients with IV allopurinol. The vast majority of these patients had a malignancy and were in danger of developing tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) and subsequent acute uric acid nephropathy (AUAN) and were unable to take oral allopurinol. Data referable to the time period of IV allopurinol administration were collected, collated, and analyzed retrospectively. There was no randomization. RESULTS: In patients initiating treatment for an elevated serum uric acid (SUA), the SUA normalized or improved in 87% of adult patients and normalized or improved in 95% of pediatric patients. IV allopurinol, administered prophylactically to patients at high risk of developing hyperuricemia and TLS, prevented an increase in SUA levels in 93% of adults and 92% of children. Toxicities caused by IV allopurinol were minimal and consisted of 10 instances of mild to moderate skin or allergic reactions. CONCLUSION: IV allopurinol is as efficacious and safe as oral allopurinol and will be of significant benefit to patients at risk of TLS and AUAN and unable to take oral medication.

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