scholarly journals RNAs as Candidate Diagnostic and Prognostic Markers of Prostate Cancer—From Cell Line Models to Liquid Biopsies

Diagnostics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Lim ◽  
Anne-Marie Baird ◽  
John Aird ◽  
John Greene ◽  
Dhruv Kapoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Cancer Initiation ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna ◽  
Active Investigation

The treatment landscape of prostate cancer has evolved rapidly over the past five years. The explosion in treatment advances has been witnessed in parallel with significant progress in the field of molecular biomarkers. The advent of next-generation sequencing has enabled the molecular profiling of the genomic and transcriptomic architecture of prostate and other cancers. Coupled with this, is a renewed interest in the role of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in prostate cancer biology. ncRNA consists of several different classes including small non-coding RNA (sncRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA). These families are under active investigation, given their essential roles in cancer initiation, development and progression. This review focuses on the evidence for the role of RNAs in prostate cancer, and their use as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and targets for treatment in this disease.

scholarly journals Detecting long non-coding RNA biomarkers in prostate cancer liquid biopsies: Hype or hope?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetty Helsmoortel ◽  
Celine Everaert ◽  
Nicolaas Lumen ◽  
Piet Ost ◽  
Jo Vandesompele
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Liquid Biopsies ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna ◽  
Rna Biomarkers

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNA LINC01116 acts as an oncogene in prostate cancer cells through regulation of miR-744-5p/UBE2L3 axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengjie Yu ◽  
Huihong Yu ◽  
Yuanfeng Zhang ◽  
Chuan Liu ◽  
Weili Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Background Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been confirmed to exert a critical effect on the progression of tumors, including prostate cancer. Previous literature has demonstrated LINC01116 involves in activities of multiple cancers. However, the underlying role of LINC01116 in prostate cancer remains unclear. Methods qRT-PCR measured the expression of LINC01116 in prostate cancer cells. EdU experiment was used to detect cell proliferation. Transwell assays detected cell migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot assays were utilized to measure EMT progress. The binding relationship between RNAs was confirmed by a series of mechanism assays. In addition, rescue experiments were conducted to verify the relationship among RNAs. Results LINC01116 was found to be highly expressed in prostate cancer cells. Functional assays indicated that inhibition of LINC01116 could suppress cell proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT progress. Also, miR-744-5p was proven to bind with LINC01116. Moreover, UBE2L3 was verified as the target gene of miR-744-5p. In rescue assays, we discovered that inhibited miR-744-5p or overexpressed UBE2L3 could offset the suppressive influence of silencing LINC01116 on prostate cancer cells. Conclusion Our study suggested that lncRNA LINC01116 acted as an oncogene in prostate cancer and accelerated prostate cancer cell growth through regulating miR-744-5p/UBE2L3 axis.

scholarly journals CIRCULAR RNA – miRNA MEDIATED INTERACTION IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 3793-3798
Author(s):  
Yordanka Doneva ◽  
◽  
Veselin Valkov ◽  
Yavor Kashlov ◽  
Galya Mihaylova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Circular Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Circular RNA (circRNAs) belong to the long non-coding RNA family, but unlike the linear RNA in circular RNA, the 3’ and 5’ end in the RNA molecule are joined together, forming their circular structure. Until recently, circRNAs have been believed to be a side product of splicing, but now it is known that they have a wide range of biological functions, from regulators of gene expression to regulators of other non-coding RNAs - microRNAs (miRNAs). CircRNAs have the potential of being therapeutic targets and biomarkers for diseases. There are little data and only several investigations about this type of RNAs in myocardial infarction in humans. This review summarizes the role of some new circRNA – miRNA interactions in the development of Myocardial Infarction.

scholarly journals The Role of non-coding RNA in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration after Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (06) ◽  
pp. 01-13
Author(s):  
Yongjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Myocardial Repair ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Myocardial infarction (MI), one of the cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) with high incidence and mortality rate, seriously endangers human health. The poor ways of fully repairing and regenerating the infarcted myocardium may have an impact on people's life quality, therefore scientists have devoted continuously to exploring the way of myocardial repair after MI so as to strive for a better prognosis of these patients. In recent years, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified and become one of the exciting fields of research in the development of CVDs. In a wide range of areas, more and more research has found that ncRNAs play important roles in myocardial repair. This review mainly introduces some strategies for myocardial repair and the role or mechanism of microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA) and circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory axis in the repair of myocardial tissue after MI, in order to build a better understanding and find new therapeutic targets for MI.

scholarly journals A Concise Review on the Role of CircPVT1 in Tumorigenesis, Drug Sensitivity, and Cancer Prognosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard ◽  
Tayyebeh Khoshbakht ◽  
Mohammad Taheri ◽  
Elena Jamali
Keyword(s):  
Circular Rna ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Genomic Locus ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

CircPVT1 (hsa_circ_0001821) is a cancer-related circular RNA (circRNA) that originated from a genomic locus on chromosome 8q24. This locus has been previously found to encode the oncogenic long non-coding RNA PVT1. Expression of this circRNA has been found to be upregulated in diverse neoplastic conditions. CircPVT1 acts as a sponge for miR-125a, miR-125b, miR-124-3p, miR-30a-5p, miR-205-5p, miR‐423‐5p, miR‐526b, miR-137, miR-145-5p, miR-497, miR-30d/e, miR-455-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-204-5p, miR-149, miR-106a-5p, miR-377, miR-3666, miR-203, and miR-199a-5p. Moreover, it can regulate the activities of PI3K/AKT, Wnt5a/Ror2, E2F2, and HIF-1α. Upregulation of circPVT1 has been correlated with decreased survival of patients with different cancer types. In the current review, we explain the oncogenic impact of circPVT1 in different tissues based on evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigations.

scholarly journals The long non-coding RNA LINC00473 contributes to cell proliferation via JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway by regulating miR-195-5p/SEPT2 axis in prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengshu Xing ◽  
Sailian Li ◽  
Zhenxiang Liu ◽  
Chong Zhang ◽  
Meijiang Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Stat3 Signaling ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Stat3 Signaling Pathway ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Prostate cancer is a kind of male malignant tumor, which has brought tremendous health threat to men. Prostate cancer is difficult to be cured because of high incidence and metastasis rate. Thereby, it is of great urgency to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of prostate cancer for the treatment of this cancer. LINC00473 dysregulation has been observed in many cancers. However, the role of LINC00473 was unknown in prostate cancer. In the present study, we discovered that prostate cancer cells presented high expression of LINC00473, and LINC00473 inhibition limited cell proliferation and the expression of proteins in JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway. Additionally, LINC00473 acted as an up-stream factor for miR-195-5p to negatively modulate miR-195-5p expression. Moreover, SEPT2 interacted with miR-195-5p in prostate cancer and SEPT2 expression was positively modulated by LINC00473 and negatively regulated by miR-195-5p. Last, the inhibitory effect of LINC00473 knockdown on cell proliferation and expression of proteins of JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway was restored by SEPT2 overexpression. All in all, LINC00473 contributed to cell proliferation via JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway by regulating miR-195-5p/SEPT2 axis in prostate cancer, which provided a novel therapeutic tactic for prostate cancer patients.

scholarly journals Enzalutamide-Induced Upregulation of PCAT6 Promotes Prostate Cancer Neuroendocrine Differentiation by Regulating miR-326/HNRNPA2B1 Axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Liu ◽  
Hui-Yang Jiang ◽  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Jie Luo ◽  
Wei-Dong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Neuroendocrine Differentiation ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Metastasis Model ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Our previous studies have demonstrated that Enzalutamide-induced upregulation of long non-coding RNA p21 (lncRNA-p21) facilitates prostate cancer (PCa) neuroendocrine differentiation (NED). Given the important role of lncRNAs in PCa pathogenesis, and given that lots of lncRNAs are dys-regulated in neuroendocrine PCa (NEPC) patients, we next explored the biological function and underlying mechanism of lncRNA-PCAT6 (PCAT6) in mediating Enzalutamide-induced NED. The level of PCAT6 in Enzalutamide-treated PCa cells and NEPC samples were assessed using quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR). The effect of PCAT6 on PCa cell proliferation, invasion, and NED was evaluated through CCK-8, transwell, qPCR, western blot analysis, Xenograft mouse model, and in vivo lung metastasis model. We found that PCAT6 was highly expressed in NE-like cells (PC3, DU145, and NCI-H660) compared with androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells. PCAT6 was also highly expressed in NEPC tissues. Enzalutamide treatment resulted in a significant increase of PCAT6 level in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Functionally, PCAT6 overexpression promoted NED of C4-2 cells, as evidenced by an increased expression of NE markers (NSE, ChgA, and SYP), whereas PCAT6 knockdown in NCI-H661 cells repressed NED. Furthermore, PCAT6 overexpression promoted PCa cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, PCAT6 functioned as competing endogenous (ce) RNA via absorbing miR-326, thus resulting in a de-suppression of Hnrnpa2b1 target gene. The current results demonstrate that PCAT6 acted as a tumor activator in PCa progression by sponging miR-326 and increasing Hnrnpa2b1 expression and that the PCAT6/miR-326/Hnrnpa2b1 signaling might be a new therapeutic target for PCa.

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