scholarly journals The Shape of Nasopalatine Canal as a Determining Factor in Therapeutic Approach for Orthodontic Teeth Movement—A CBCT Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2345
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Arnaut ◽  
Pavle Milanovic ◽  
Milica Vasiljevic ◽  
Nemanja Jovicic ◽  
Radisa Vojinovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Additional Tool ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
Incisive Foramen ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Determining Factor

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) shape and its morphometric characteristics on expected teeth movement by assessing the distance to maxillary central incisors (MCIs) according to NPC type. The retrospective study was performed on 133 CBCT images. The following parameters were obtained: the antero-posterior diameter (A-P) of the nasal foramen (NF), canal length, A-P and mediolateral diameter (M-L) of the incisive foramen (IF), and the distance between NPC and MCIs. With the exception of being hourglass-shaped, each NPC shape showed specific impacts of NPC shape on the relationship between NPC diameters at different sections and distances to MCIs. In banana-shaped NPC, a significant correlation was observed for A-P NF diameter, while in cylindrical-shaped NPC, a significant correlation was observed for NPC length. The increase in M-L IF, A-P IF, A-P NF, and NPC length in funnel-shaped NPC may be a risk factor for interventions that could result in teeth movement. According to the results, it seems that the proposed methodological approach for analysis of CBCT slices in the anterior maxilla may offer detailed information that could be an additional tool in planning the procedures that result in expected teeth movement.

scholarly journals Morphological Characteristics of the Nasopalatine Canal and the Relationship with the Anterior Maxillary Bone—A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Pavle Milanovic ◽  
Dragica Selakovic ◽  
Milica Vasiljevic ◽  
Nemanja U. Jovicic ◽  
Dragan Milovanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Incisive Foramen

The aim of this study was to evaluate the interconnection between the type of nasopalatine canal (NPC) and morphometric characteristics of the anterior maxilla. The investigation involved 113 subjects, and the morphometric parameters were obtained using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). NPC shapes were classified into four types: banana-, hourglass-, cylindrical-, and funnel-shaped (distribution of approximately 9, 25, 31, and 35%, respectively). The analysis revealed that the NPC shape was significantly connected with the morphometric properties of anterior maxilla horizontal dimensions. In general, a banana-shaped NPC was accompanied with an overall reduction in anterior maxilla diameters when compared to other NPC shapes, with no significant difference between the other three NPC shapes. Furthermore, the morphometric characteristics that depend on NPC shape at the sagittal cross-section were significantly correlated with diameters of the incisive foramen, nasal foramen, and NPC length. According to the results of our study, it seems that the presented analyses of morphometric data may allow useful insight into the algorithms of various interconnections between the measures obtained in the region of the anterior maxilla, which could be of interest for a time rationale approach when planning some surgical procedures, such as immediate dental implant placement planning.

scholarly journals Morphological and Morphometric Characteristics of Anterior Maxilla Accessory Canals and Relationship with Nasopalatine Canal Type—A CBCT Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1510
Author(s):  
Milica Vasiljevic ◽  
Pavle Milanovic ◽  
Nemanja Jovicic ◽  
Miroslav Vasovic ◽  
Dragan Milovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type A ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Lower Region ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to evaluate principal morphological and morphometric characteristics of accessory canals (ACs) of the anterior maxilla, as well as to analyze the relationship with nasopalatine canal (NPC) type. The results of our study showed that ACs were observed in almost 50% of participants. They were mostly presented bilaterally and in a curved shape, with a palatal foramen position. The morphometric characteristics of ACs were significantly influenced by NPC type. NPC type had the strongest impact on the distance between the NPC and AC, as well as on the distance between the AC and the facial aspect of buccal bone wall, in inferior parts of the alveolar ridge. On the other hand, the distance between the AC and central incisors was not significantly influenced by NPC shape in the lower region of the anterior maxilla. However, the participants with the banana-type of the NPC expressed the reduction in distance from the AC to the central incisor at the upper part in comparison with the subjects with the cylindrical-type of the NPC. On the basis of the results of this study, the simultaneous estimation of ACs and the NPC seems reasonable, as this approach may be useful in the prevention of complications which could occur during implant surgery interventions.

Inflation shocks and income inequality

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-240
Author(s):  
Rolando Gonzales ◽  
Andrea Rojas-Hosse
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Core Inflation ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Detrimental Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of inflationary shocks on inequality, using data of selected countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Design/methodology/approach Inflationary shocks were measured as deviations from core inflation, based on a genetic algorithm. Bayesian quantile regression was used to estimate the impact of inflationary shocks in different levels of inequality. Findings The results showed that inflationary shocks substantially affect countries with higher levels of inequality, thus suggesting that the detrimental impact of inflation is exacerbated by the high division of classes in a country. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature about the relationship between inflation and inequality by proposing that not only the sustained increase in prices but also the inflationary shocks – the deviations from core inflation – contribute to the generation of inequality. Also, to the best of the authors knowledge, the relationship between inflation shocks and inequality in the MENA region has never been analyzed before, thus creating a research gap to provide additional empirical evidence about the sources of inequality. Additionally, the authors contribute with a methodological approach to measure inflationary shocks, based on a semelparous genetic algorithm.

scholarly journals Anatomical Patterns of the Nasopalatine Canal and Incisive Foramen in an African Setting – a Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishan Sarna ◽  
Merna Akram Estreed ◽  
Khushboo Jayant Sonigra ◽  
Thomas Amuti ◽  
Florence Opondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Maxillary Bone ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
Anterior Nasal Spine ◽  
Incisive Foramen ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Purpose: Surgical procedures revolving around the anterior maxilla are of great interest due to their debilitating facial aesthetics and nerve injury effects if complications arise. Hence, sufficient knowledge concerning the morphology and morphometry of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) and incisive foramen (IF) is necessary to prevent such complications from arising. Materials and Methods: Measurements of the NPC and the IF were carried out on 150 CBCT scans. The maxillary bone thickness anterior to the NPC was measured at 3 levels. Independent t-test and chi-square test were performed to determine the presence of sexual dimorphism. Results: The presence of one Stenson’s foramen was most prevalent. The mean length of NPC was 13.21 ± 3.25 mm with significantly longer canals in males. The most prevalent shape of NPC was cylindrical in sagittal view and a single canal in coronal view. The mean angulation of NPC was 118.42° to the horizontal plane. The average dimensions of the IF were 3.53 mm and 3.07 mm in the anteroposterior and mediolateral diameter respectively while the most common shape was round. The anterior maxillary bone was thicker in males and generally reduced in thickness from the anterior nasal spine superiorly towards the alveolar crest inferiorly. Conclusion: This study highlights the anatomical characteristics of the NPC and IF, with significant sexual dimorphism observed regarding the number of Stenson’s foramina, length of NPC, shapes of the NPC and IF as well as alveolar bone thickness anterior to NPC.

scholarly journals Multi-lane Changing Model with Coupling Driving Intention and Inclination

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangfeng Wang ◽  
Chang Gao ◽  
Zhouyuan Zhu ◽  
Xuedong Yan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Density Flow ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Considering the impact of drivers’ psychology and behaviour, a multi-lane changing model coupling driving intention and inclination is proposed by introducing two quantitative indices of intention: strength of lane changing and risk factor. According to the psychological and behavioural characteristics of aggressive drivers and conservative drivers, the safety conditions for lane changing are designed respectively. The numerical simulations show that the proposed model is suitable for describing the traffic flow with frequent lane changing, which is more consistent with the driving behaviour of drivers in China. Compared with symmetric two-lane cellular automata (STCA) model, the proposed model can improve the average speed of vehicles by 1.04% under different traffic demands when aggressive drivers are in a higher proportion (the threshold of risk factor is 0.4). When the risk factor increases, the average speed shows the polarization phenomenon with the average speed slowing down in big traffic demand. The proposed model can reflect the relationship among density, flow, and speed, and the risk factor has a significant impact on density and flow.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Morphological Characteristics of the Nasopalatine Canal and the Anterior Maxillary Bone - CBCT Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavle Milanovic ◽  
Milica Vasiljevic
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Nasopalatine Canal ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Incisive Foramen ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Variations

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the gender differences in anatomical and morphometric characteristics of the nasopalatine canal–NPC and horizontal dimensions of the anterior maxilla by CBCT, which could be of interest for clinicians who perform implant surgery in this region. A retrospective quantitative study was conducted using CBCT images from the radiological database of the Department of Dentistry (Kragujevac) on a total of 113 participants (63 male and 50 female). The results of our study confirmed no gender difference in the distribution of NPC type, while the most frequent NPC type confirmed gender variations (cylindrical in females, funnel in males), but the lowest incidence of NPC type in both males and females was banana-type. The NPC length was significantly increased in males with no significant gender impact on medio-lateral (M-L) and antero-posterior (A-P) dimensions of the incisive foramen, as well as the A-P dimension of the nasal foramen. Linear regression analysis revealed the significant correlation between the M-L dimension of incisive foramen and the anterior maxilla diameter at all bone levels for males, and between the NPC length and the anterior maxilla diameter only in females at the level D. Also, both NPC type and gender significantly affected the correlations between the estimated parameters (females showed significant correlation only in funnel NPC type at the level D, while males showed significant correlation in both funnel NPC type at the level A, but also in hourglass-type at the level D). Those results imply significant gender impact in planning of various surgical interventions in the anterior maxilla region.

scholarly journals Sport a storytelling. Dlaczego marki sięgają po wątki sportowe?

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1 (245)) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Dominik Kania
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Sport Event ◽  
Sport Industry ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Wiele marek wykorzystuje w swoich kampaniach storytellingowych tematykę sportową. Nie zawsze jest ona związana z działalnością brandu lub jego ofertą. Mimo to sport wydaje się atrakcyjnym wątkiem, na podstawie którego firmy komunikują się z otoczeniem. Celem niniejszej pracy jest wyjaśnienie tej popularności sportowych tematów w storytellingu marek. Posłuży do tego analiza relacji branży sportowej i szeroko pojętego biznesu, a także udziału sportu w zachodzących procesach społecznych. Przez ukazanie wpływu, jaki rywalizacja sportowa wywiera na przeciętną jednostkę, zostaną wytłumaczone pobudki marek budujących swoje opowieści wokół zdarzeń lub postaci związanych ze sportem. Refleksji dotyczącej przyczyn popularności wątków sportowych w komunikacji brandów posłużyła analiza dotychczasowego stanu badań, szukająca wyjaśnienia związków pomiędzy sportem a życiem społeczeństwa, a także obserwacja studium przypadku Procter&Gamble – podmiotu, który wokół sportu zbudował swoją platformę komunikacyjną. Materiałem badawczym były więc nie tylko tezy naukowe szukające pomostu między sportem a filozofią, socjologią, psychologią czy biznesem, ale również praktyczne działania marki. Wyniki obserwacji nasuwają wnioski tłumaczące znaczenie sportu i aktywności fizycznej dla społeczeństw i ich jednostek, wskazują procesy przyczyniające się do popularyzacji tematyki w działaniach storytellingowych oraz klarownie podkreślają korzyści płynące z dialogu marek z odbiorcami, opartym na sportowych akcentach. Ponadto potwierdzają i uzasadniają tezę, że skuteczny storytelling implementujący w swoje treści sport wcale nie musi pochodzić od brandu bezpośrednio związanego z branżą sportową. Sport in storytelling. Why do brands adopt sport into narratives? Many brands adopt sports into their storytelling campaigns. This trend can be noticed even if a brand’s operations or its products are not related to sport. Nevertheless, it seems to be an attractive platform to communicate with the audience and present specific values. The purpose of this paper is to explain the popularity of sport themes in brand’s storytelling. To unveil this notion, the relationship between sport industry, global business and the influence of sport on social processes is analysed. By examining the impact of sport rivalry on an individual, brands’ motives and the phenomenon of building stories based on sport events or athletes’ lives are explained. This study seeks to describe mechanisms that are used by brands, which strive to mark their presence in people’s lives through storytelling. The methodological approach taken in this paper is a mixed methodology based on critical analysis of existing studies in philosophy, economy, sociology, psychology, and examination of Procter&Gamble’s communication case study. The first part investigates the theoretical reasons for adopting sport into narratives to influence society and individuals. The next section proceeds to an example of the brand which based its storytelling communication on sport event and themes. The results of this study show multidimensional motives and benefits of adopting sport into storytelling. These are connected to different areas of human life and remain critical for brands’ strategies. This examination also confirms high popularity of sport motives in communication of brands that do not belong directly to sport industry and whose offer is not associated with sport at all.

scholarly journals Altered Lipid Profile is a Risk Factor for the Progression Andrecurrenceof COVID-19: From Two Retrospective Cohorts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Jin ◽  
Junji He ◽  
Chuan Dong ◽  
Luhong Cao ◽  
Xing Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
Clinical Endpoints ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has spread worldwide. However, the impact of lipid profile and lipid-lowering treatment on clinical endpoints in COVID-19 have not previously been investigated. Methods In this retrospective, multicenter cohort study, we consecutively enrolled 430 adult COVID-19 patients from two Chinese hospitals (one each in Chengdu and Wuhan) admitted during February 2020 and followed-up until April 30. Demographic, metabolic profile, laboratory, treatment and clinical endpoint data including in-hospital death and recurrence of COVID-19, were collected. Results In Chengdu patients, univariable and multivariable Cox regression showed that the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) dyslipidemia on admission was associated with the recurrence of COVID-19 during the follow-up period. In Wuhan cohort, the patients with triglycerides hyperlipemia had an increased risk of in-hospital death. However, in both cohorts, statin therapy during COVID-19 course did not affect these clinical endpoints. Compared to the Chengdu cohort, the Wuhan patients tended to have more severe COVID-19 but, unexpectedly, had lower levels of serum lipid. It is of interesting to notice that the relationship between the observed biomarkers of inflammation and lipid do not match the relationship between the organ function measures and this lipid. Conclusions The baseline dyslipidemia should be considered as a risk factor for poor prognosis and recurrence of COVID-19. The lipid level may be altered during COVID-19 course, since lipidology may be distinctly affected by both inflammation and organic damage for SARS-CoV-2. Further investigation is needed on the role of use of lipid-lowering therapy among patients with COVID-19 infections.

scholarly journals Lost Landscape: A Combination of LiDAR and APSFR Data to Locate and Contextualize Archaeological Sites in River Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3506
Author(s):  
Esther Rodríguez González ◽  
Pablo Paniego Díaz ◽  
Sebastián Celestino Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Human Settlement ◽  
Guadiana Basin ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Historical Periods

Over the last few decades, river landscapes have been significantly transformed as a result of increased human impact. This transformation is evident in areas such as the middle Guadiana basin, where the impact of both agricultural and hydraulic infrastructures has led to the decontextualization of archaeological sites, resulting in a disconnection between archaeological sites and their own physical environment. In order to analyse the location and geographic contexts of sites from the first Iron Age in the middle Guadiana basin and to detect the existence of human settlement patterns, we designed a methodological approach that combines LiDAR and APSFR data (areas with potential significant flood risk). The main purpose of this method is to detect flood areas and assess the relationship between them and archaeological sites. The result allowed us to obtain a clearer understanding of these societies, their knowledge of the physical environment, and the causes and reasons behind their occupation of certain sites. The validation of the results demonstrated the versatility of this methodological approach, which can be extrapolated to analysing other regions and historical periods.

scholarly journals Hyperbaric hyperoxemia as a risk factor for ventilator-acquired pneumonia?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253198
Author(s):  
Morgan Caplan ◽  
Thibault Duburcq ◽  
Anne-Sophie Moreau ◽  
Julien Poissy ◽  
Saad Nseir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Radiological Criteria ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Transport ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives Ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) is the leading cause of serious associated infections in Intensive Care Units (ICU) and is associated with significant morbidity. The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in patients on mechanical ventilation may increase exposure to certain risk factors such as hyperoxemia and the need for multiple transfers. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between HBOT and VAP. Method This retrospective observational study was performed from March 2017 to March 2018 in a 10-bed ICU using HBOT. All patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) for more than 48 hours were eligible. VAP was defined using clinical and radiological criteria. Data collection was carried out via digital medical records. Risk factors for VAP were determined by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Forty-two (23%) of the 182 patients enrolled developed at least one episode of VAP. One hundred and twenty-four (68%) patients received HBOT. The incidence rate of VAP was 34 per 1000 ventilator days. The occurrence of VAP was significantly associated with immunosuppression (p<0.029), MV duration (5 [3–7] vs 8 [5–11.5] days, p<0.0001), length of stay (8 [5–13] vs 19.5 [13–32] days, p<0.0001), reintubation (p<0.0001), intra-hospital transport (p = 0.001), use of paralytic agents (p = 0.013), tracheotomy (p = 0.003) and prone position (p = 0.003). The use of HBOT was not associated with the occurrence of VAP. Multivariate analysis identified reintubation (OR: 8.3 [2.6–26.6]; p<0.0001), intra-hospital transport (OR: 3.5 [1.3–9.2]; p = 0.011) and the use of paralytic agents (OR: 3.3 [1.3–8.4]; p = 0.014) as independent risk factors for VAP. Conclusion Known risk factors for VAP are to be found within our ICU population. HBOT, however, is not an extra risk factor for VAP within this group. Further experimental and clinical investigations are needed to understand the impact of HBOT on the occurrence of VAP and on physiological microbiome.

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