scholarly journals Analysis of Risk Factors in Patients with Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Increased Cardiovascular Risk Using Factor Analysis

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1284
Author(s):  
Zuzana Pella ◽  
Dominik Pella ◽  
Ján Paralič ◽  
Jakub Ivan Vanko ◽  
Ján Fedačko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Significant Cluster ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Step ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Today, there are many parameters used for cardiovascular risk quantification and to identify many of the high-risk subjects; however, many of them do not reflect reality. Modern personalized medicine is the key to fast and effective diagnostics and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. One step towards this goal is a better understanding of connections between numerous risk factors. We used Factor analysis to identify a suitable number of factors on observed data about patients hospitalized in the East Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases in Košice. The data describes 808 participants cross-identifying symptomatic and coronarography resulting characteristics. We created several clusters of factors. The most significant cluster of factors identified six factors: basic characteristics of the patient; renal parameters and fibrinogen; family predisposition to CVD; personal history of CVD; lifestyle of the patient; and echo and ECG examination results. The factor analysis results confirmed the known findings and recommendations related to CVD. The derivation of new facts concerning the risk factors of CVD will be of interest to further research, focusing, among other things, on explanatory methods.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Acute MI in a Secondary Hospital in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ullah ◽  
Suman Kumar Saha ◽  
Md Toufiqur Rahman ◽  
Md Abdul Karim ◽  
Rashid Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Secondary Hospital

Background: Incidence of noncommunicable disease, specially cardiovascular diseases, is increasing in Bangladesh. Prevalence of risk factors in ischaemic heart disease (IHD) has been studied in different tertiary hospitals and institutes. This study was done in a secondary hospital with a patient population mainly of low socioeconomic condition and was compared with other patient groups of the country and Indian subcontinent. Methods: this cross sectional study was conducted in Manikganj Sadar Hospital from July 2019 to December 2019. All the patients admitted with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) were included. Cardiovascular risk factors, like smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), family history of premature cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidaemia and obesity, were evaluated among the patients. Results: This cross-sectional study showed most of the patients were in the age group of 50-59 years. 66% of the male patients and 2% of the female patients were smoker. 66% of the patients were hypertensive, 44% patients were diabetic, 28.5% patients were overweight, 60.4% patients had total cholesterol > 200mg/dl, 73.6% patients had LDL>130 mg/dl, 110 76.3% patients had HDL < 40 mg/ dl, 72.2% had triglyceride >150 mg/dl and 39% patients had family history of premature cardiovascular disease. Ninety (62.5%) patients had anterior MI, 50 (34.7%) patients had inferior MI and 4 (2.7%) patients had NSTEMI. 65 patients had no major risk factor and 57 % had three or more risk factors. Conclusion: The study population was more aged in comparison to other studies conducted in different parts of Bangladesh. Prevalence of smoking habit was lower but the prevalence of HTN, DM and dyslipidaemia were higher than the general population and other cohorts of MI patients. The prevalence of major risk factors was much higher than the general population of Bangladesh. Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 96-101

scholarly journals Prevalence of Obesity in Medical students and its correlation with cardiovascular risk factors: Emergency Alarm for Today?

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-345
Author(s):  
G. Purohit ◽  
T. Shah ◽  
J.M. Harsoda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
History Of

Background It is predicted that the prevalence of overweight and obesity will rise significantly by 2015 in young population. Problem of overweight and obesity has been recognized as public health problem worldwide due to the fact that it increases the risk of chronic diseases such as Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), stroke, diabetes, sleep apnoea, osteoarthritis etc.Objective To assess the body mass index in medical students and its association with various cardiovascular risk factors like blood pressure, dietary habits, and family history of cardiovascular diseases.Method A university based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in Department of Physiology, Smt. B.K. Shah Medical Institute & Research Center, Vadodara, Gujarat. Data was collected through convenient sampling technique by using self-administered questionnaire followed by anthropometric measurement. Body Mass Index (BMI) of 138 first year medical students was assessed. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, mean blood pressure, pulse rate and arterial oxygen saturation were measured.Result Data was compiled in excel sheet, analyzed for percentage and proportion. Chi square and Pearson correlation test were also applied and alpha error was set at 5% level. In comparison to the students with normal BMI, students with BMI >25 kg/m2 (N=49) showed significantly high blood pressure indices. Dietary habits and family history of cardiovascular diseases were also noted. Highly significant association of high BMI was found with elevated blood pressure (X2=7.4042***, p<0.001) and presence of family history of cardiovascular diseases X2=9.8625***, p<0.001). BMI is negatively correlated with SpO2 (r= -0.0504, p<0.05) and pulse rate, while positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (r=0.2736) and diastolic blood pressure (r=0.0275).Conclusion In conclusion, majority (more than 35%) of medical students were overweight, high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors like family history, elevated blood pressure and less SpO2.

scholarly journals Prevalence of coronary artery calcification in young adults in UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Koulaouzidis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
History Of

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Coronary atherosclerosis is a continuous process beginning early in life, with a long and clinically asymptomatic phase, before manifestations appear in middle and/or late adulthood. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a well-established marker of atherosclerosis; but the clinical validity of CAC in young adults (traditionally considered as a population group of low cardiovascular risk) remains unclear. Aim We aimed to assess the prevalence of CAC in a population of young individuals without previous history of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the UK and its association with conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Methods This analysis includes 4186 asymptomatic young individuals who underwent electron beam computed tomography (EBCT). Demographic information and the presence of cardiovascular risk factors were abstracted from referral letters and/or questionnaires completed by the patients prior to their tests. Individuals with previously documented CAD or chronic kidney disease were excluded. All EBCT CAC studies were performed using the same scanner (Imatron C300 Ultrafast computed tomography scanner, GE Healthcare, London, UK) and the same scanning protocol. Results The age (mean SD) of the study cohort was 40.5 ±3.6 years (range 26–45 years, 83.8% males). Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus (DM) were present in 15.5, 7.9, and 2.8% of individuals, respectively. Family history of premature CAD was present in 17% and 17.4% were smokers.  CAC was present in 21.8% of the cohort, while individuals with CAC comparing with those with CAC score 0 were males (95.2 vs. 80%, p &lt; 0.002), older in age (41.4 3.2 vs. 40.3 3.7 years, p &lt; 0.0001), with DM (5.5 vs. 25%, p &lt; 0.0001), hypertension (22 vs. 13.7%, p &lt; 0.0001), and dyslipidemia (14.8 vs. 6%, p &lt; 0.0001). The prevalence of CAC score 0, 1–100, 101–400, 401–1000, &gt;1000 were 78.2, 19, 2.1, 0.5, and 0.2%, respectively. The prevalence and distribution of CAC among various age groups are shown in Table 1. CAC was found in 24.8% of males (CAC score 1–100, 101–400, 400–1000, &gt;1000 in 21.6, 2.5, 0.5, and 0.1%, respectively) and 6.6% of females (CAC score 1–100, 101–400, 400–1000, &gt;1000 in 5.4, 0.6, 0.15 and 0.4%, respectively) (p &lt; 0.0001). There was no statistical difference of mean CAC score between genders (males 13.8 72.7; females 11.8 142.4; p = 0.6). In multivariate analysis, the presence of CAC was associated with age (p&lt; 0.0001), male gender (p&lt; 0.0001), DM (p&lt; 0.0001), hypertension (p&lt; 0.0001), and dyslipidemia (p&lt; 0.0001).  Conclusion   In a large cohort of asymptomatic young individuals, subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC score &gt;0) was identified in approximately 20%. Assessment of CAC score is a useful clinical tool in young individuals, as it can confirm the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis.

Abstract P257: Prevalence Of Intracranial Artery Stenosis and the Association With Conventional Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in a General Population of Japanese: SESSA Study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Shitara ◽  
Akira Fujiyoshi ◽  
Takashi Hisamatsu ◽  
Torii Torii ◽  
Sentarou Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Intracranial Artery ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Intracranial Artery Stenosis ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Community-based studies that report prevalence of intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are scarce. Hypothesis: We aim to describe the prevalent ICAS using MRI in a general population of Japanese men, and tested the hypothesis that ICAS was associated with conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: The Shiga Epidemiological Study of Subclinical Atherosclerosis (SESSA) randomly recruited and examined participants from Kusatsu City, Shiga, Japan in 2006-2008. Among 853 male participants in the follow-up exam (2012-2015), we performed 1.5-tesla MRI. All images were evaluated by two board-certified neurosurgeons (by the Japan Neurosurgical Society) who were blinded to participant clinical background. Each artery was graded as no stenosis, <50% stenosis, <99% stenosis and complete occlusion. We defined any-ICAS as ICAS of any grade and heavy-ICAS as ≥50% stenosis. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess independent association between ICAS and risk factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, smoking, drinking, obesity (body mass index ≥30kg/m 2 ) and history of stroke. Results: We analyzed 740 men (47-85 years old, mean age 70.0 years) who completed MRI with no missing pertinent information. Thirty-one individuals (4.2%) had history of stroke. We observed at least one lesion of any-ICAS and heavy-ICAS in 30.5% and 6.5% of the participants, respectively. Any-ICAS was most commonly identified in internal carotid artery (21.6% of the entire participants) followed by middle cerebral artery (11.7%). Older age, hypertension, DM, dyslipidemia and prevalent stroke was associated with ICAS. Hypertension and DM were particularly strongly associated with heavy-ICAS (Table). Results were similar when excluding those with stroke history. Conclusions: This is the first study on prevalence of ICAS and its association with conventional cardiovascular risk factors in a general population of Japanese men. The prevalence of ICAS in Japanese men and the association with primary risk factors of cardiovascular diseases are revealed and they could be a target for prevention of stroke.

scholarly journals Association of stress with cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in a population (ESSE-RF in Kemerovo region)

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
E. B. Shapovalova ◽  
S. A. Maksimov ◽  
E. V. Indukaeva ◽  
G. V. Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
History Of

Aim. To assess the prevalence of stress and its association with socio-demographic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the Siberian population.Material and methods. A cross-sectional study was performed in the framework of the Russian multicenter epidemiological study ESSE-RF in the Kemerovo Region in 2013. The presented study included 1628 individuals aged 25 to 64 years. Information was assessed on the presence of stress, some socio-demographic and economic characteristics, a history of CVD, as well as behavioral habits and quality of life. To eliminate the modifying effect of socio-demographic characteristics, a logistic regression analysis was used. The odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.Results. The prevalence of stress was 22,6%; stress was statistically significantly more often recorded in women (28,1%) than in men (11,7%). After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, stress was statistically significantly more often recorded in people with secondary and primary education compared with those with higher education (24,9% and 19,1%, p=0,006), as well as in people with middle and high financial affluence compared with low affluence (24,5% and 11,3%, p<0,001). This association is observed only at the expense of women. For unemployed participants, the stress rate is higher only among males — 18,8% versus 11,4% among workers (p=0,015). Stress was also statistically significantly more often recorded in groups with arterial hypertension, lack of sleep, quality of life on the EQ-VAS scale and on the EuroQol scale. Smokers are more likely to have stress (23,8% vs 22,0%) and have a history of stroke (35,3% vs 22,2%). Among all CVDs and their risk factors, an inverse association of stress with obesity was revealed only in men.Conclusion. Study showed that people with stress are under large load of some cardiovascular risk factors. At the same time, ambiguous associations between stress and arterial hypertension and quality of life were obtained. This confirms the need for further study of the association of stress with other factors of cardiovascular risk, taking into account age and gender and socio-economic characteristics of the population.

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS PECULIARITIES IN MEN UNDER 60 YEARS OLD WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY LUNG DISEASES

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Tupitsyn V.V. ◽  
Bataev Kh.M. ◽  
Men’shikova A.N. ◽  
Godina Z.N.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
History Of

Relevance. Information about the cardiovascular diseases risk factors (CVD RF) for in men with chronic lung inflam-matory pathology (CLID) is contradictory and requires clarification. Aim. To evaluate the peculiarities of CVD RF in men under 60 years of age with CLID in myocardial infarction (MI) to improve prevention. Material and methods. The study included men aged 19-60 years old with type I myocardial infarction. Patients are divided into two age-comparable groups: I - the study group, with CLID - 142 patients; II - control, without it - 424 patients. A comparative analysis of the frequency of observation of the main and additional cardiovascular risk fac-tors in groups was performed. Results. In patients of the study group, more often than in the control group we observed: hereditary burden of is-chemic heart disease (40.8 and 31.6%, respectively; p = 0.0461) and arterial hypertension (54.2 and 44.6%; p = 0.0461), frequent colds (24.6 and 12.0%; p = 0.0003), a history of extrasystoles (19.7 and 12.7%; p = 0.04); chronic foci of infections of internal organs (75.4 and 29.5%; p˂0.0001), non-ulcer lesions of the digestive system (26.1 and 14.6%; p = 0.007), smoking (95.1 and 66.3%; p˂0.0001), MI in winter (40.8 and 25.9%; p = 0.006). Less commonly were observed: oral cavity infections (9.2 and 23.6%; p˂0.0001); hypodynamia (74.5 and 82.5%; p = 0.0358), over-weight (44.4 and 55.2%; p = 0.0136), a subjective relationship between the worsening of the course of coronary heart disease and the season of the year (43.7 and 55.2%; p = 0.0173) and MI - in the autumn (14.1 and 21.9%; p = 0.006) period. Conclusions. The structure of CVD RF in men under 60 years of age with CLID with MI is characterized by the pre-dominance of smoking, non-ulcer pathology of the digestive system, frequent pro-student diseases, meteorological dependence, a history of cardiac arrhythmias and foci of internal organ infections. It is advisable to use the listed factors when planning preventive measures in such patients.

scholarly journals POS0586 RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IS AN INFLAMMATORY DISEASE WITH A HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 526.1-526
Author(s):  
L. Nacef ◽  
H. Riahi ◽  
Y. Mabrouk ◽  
H. Ferjani ◽  
K. Maatallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Background:Hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia are traditional risk factors of cardiac events. Carotid ultrasonography is an available way to detect subclinical atherosclerosis.Objectives:This study aimed to compare the intima-media thickness in RA patients based on their personal cardiovascular (CV) history of hypertension (hypertension), diabetes, and dyslipidemia.Methods:The present study is a prospective study conducted on Tunisian RA patients in the rheumatology department of Mohamed Kassab University Hospital (March and December 2020). The characteristics of the patients and those of the disease were collected.The high-resolution B-mode carotid US measured the IMT, according to American Society of Echocardiography guidelines. The carotid bulb below its bifurcation and the internal and external carotid arteries were evaluated bilaterally with grayscale, spectral, and color Doppler ultrasonography using proprietary software for carotid artery measurements. IMT was measured using the two inner layers of the common carotid artery, and an increased IMT was defined as ≥0.9 mm. A Framingham score was calculated to predict the cardiovascular risk at 10-year.Results:Forty-seven patients were collected, 78.7% of whom were women. The mean age was 52.5 ±11.06 [32-76]. The rheumatoid factor (RF) was positive in 57.8% of cases, and anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) were positive in 62.2% of cases. RA was erosive in 81.6% of cases. Hypertension (hypertension) was present in 14.9% of patients, diabetes in 12.8% of patients, and dyslipidemia in 12.8% of patients. Nine patients were active smokers. The mean IMT in the left common carotid (LCC) was 0.069 ±0.015, in the left internal carotid (LIC) was 0.069 ±0.015, in the left external carotid (LEC) was 0.060 ±0.023. The mean IMT was 0.068 ±0.01 in the right common carotid (RCC), 0.062 ±0.02 in the right internal carotid (RIC), and 0.060 ±0.016 in the right external carotid (REC). The IMT was significantly higher in the left common carotid (LCC) in patients with hypertension (p=0.025). There was no significant difference in the other ultrasound sites (LIC, LEC, RCC, RIC, and REC) according to the presence or absence of hypertension. The IMT was also significantly increased in patients with diabetes at LCC (p=0.017) and RIC (p=0.025). There was no significant difference in the IMT at different ultrasound sites between patients with and without dyslipidemia.Conclusion:Hypertension was significantly associated with the increase in IMT at the LCC level in RA patients. Diabetes had an impact on IMT in LCC and RIC. However, dyslipidemia did not affect the IMT at the different ultrasound sites.References:[1]S. Gunter and al. Arterial wave reflection and subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 2018; 36: Clinical E.xperimental.[2]Aslan and al. Assessment of local carotid stiffness in seronegative and seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. SCANDINAVIAN CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL, 2017.[3]Martin I. Wah-Suarez and al, Carotid ultrasound findings in rheumatoid arthritis and control subjects: A case-control study. Int J Rheum Dis. 2018;1–7.[4]Gobbic C and al. Marcadores subclínicos de aterosclerosis y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en artritis temprana. Subclinical markers of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors in early arthritis marcadores subclínicos de aterosclerose e fatores de risco cardiovascular na artrite precoce.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Comparative risk assessment for the development of cardiovascular diseases in the Hungarian general and Roma population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Piko ◽  
Zsigmond Kosa ◽  
Janos Sandor ◽  
Roza Adany
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Roma Population

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally, and the early identification of high risk is crucial to prevent the disease and to reduce healthcare costs. Short life expectancy and increased mortality among the Roma are generally accepted (although not indeed proven by mortality analyses) which can be partially explained by the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) among them. This study aims to elaborate on the prevalence of the most important CVD risk factors, assess the estimation of a 10-year risk of development of fatal and nonfatal CVDs based on the most used risk assessment scoring models, and to compare the Hungarian general (HG) and Roma (HR) populations. In 2018 a complex health survey was accomplished on the HG (n = 380) and HR (n = 347) populations. The prevalence of CVRS was defined and 10-year cardiovascular risk was estimated for both study populations using the following systems: Framingham Risk Score for hard coronary heart disease (FRSCHD) and for cardiovascular disease (FRSCVD), Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), ACC/AHA Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE) and Revised Pooled Cohort Equations (RPCE). After the risk scores had been calculated, the populations were divided into risk categories and all subjects were classified. For all CVD risk estimation scores, the average of the estimated risk was higher among Roma compared to the HG independently of the gender. The proportion of high-risk group in the Hungarian Roma males population was on average 1.5–3 times higher than in the general one. Among Roma females, the average risk value was higher than in the HG one. The proportion of high-risk group in the Hungarian Roma females population was on average 2–3 times higher compared to the distribution of females in the general population. Our results show that both genders in the Hungarian Roma population have a significantly higher risk for a 10-year development of cardiovascular diseases and dying from them compared to the HG one. Therefore, cardiovascular interventions should be focusing not only on reducing smoking among Roma but on improving health literacy and service provision regarding prevention, early recognition, and treatment of lipid disorders and diabetes among them.

scholarly journals Meta-analysis of epigenome-wide association studies of carotid intima-media thickness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Portilla-Fernández ◽  
Shih-Jen Hwang ◽  
Rory Wilson ◽  
Jane Maddock ◽  
W. David Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness

AbstractCommon carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is an index of subclinical atherosclerosis that is associated with ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease (CAD). We undertook a cross-sectional epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of measures of cIMT in 6400 individuals. Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to investigate the potential causal role of DNA methylation in the link between atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk factors and cIMT or clinical cardiovascular disease. The CpG site cg05575921 was associated with cIMT (beta = −0.0264, p value = 3.5 × 10–8) in the discovery panel and was replicated in replication panel (beta = −0.07, p value = 0.005). This CpG is located at chr5:81649347 in the intron 3 of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor gene (AHRR). Our results indicate that DNA methylation at cg05575921 might be in the pathway between smoking, cIMT and stroke. Moreover, in a region-based analysis, 34 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified of which a DMR upstream of ALOX12 showed the strongest association with cIMT (p value = 1.4 × 10–13). In conclusion, our study suggests that DNA methylation may play a role in the link between cardiovascular risk factors, cIMT and clinical cardiovascular disease.

Growth attainment in German children born preterm, and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence. Analysis of the population representative KiGGS data

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate L. Bergmann ◽  
Karl E. Bergmann ◽  
Rolf Richter ◽  
Martin Schlaud ◽  
Wolfgang Henrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Preterm Children

AbstractAim:To compare the growth attainment of preterm children and their cardiovascular risk factors at adolescence with the values measured in term children in Germany.Methods:About 17,641 children aged 0 to <18 years were studied between 2003 and 2006 in the population representative German KiGGS survey (“German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents”) using questionnaires, physical examinations, standardized anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and blood sample analyses. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed for the analyses of anthropometric parameters.Results:About 11.8% of the 16,737 children with complete and valid data had been born preterm. After adjustment for covariates the estimated z-scores over the total age range were larger in term compared to preterm children for length/height (P<0.001; estimated difference B=0.277, 95% CI 0.191–0.362), head circumference (P<0.001; B=0.238, 95% CI 0.144–0.333), BMI (P=0.001; B=0.160, 95% CI 0.069–0.252), and skinfold thickness (P=0.220; B=0.058, 95% CI −0.035 to 0.151). The onset of pubertal development was slightly (but not significantly) earlier in term compared to preterm children. At 14 to <18 years, anthropometric and biochemical indicators of cardiovascular diseases were not worse in preterm compared to term children.Conclusions:Preterm-born German adolescents remained significantly shorter, lighter, and had a smaller head circumference than term-born adolescents, but the risk indicators for cardiovascular diseases were not higher.

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