scholarly journals Consensus on the Application of Lung Ultrasound in Pneumonia and Bronchiolitis in Children

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Joanna Jaworska ◽  
Anna Komorowska-Piotrowska ◽  
Andrzej Pomiećko ◽  
Jakub Wiśniewski ◽  
Mariusz Woźniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
On Line

This evidence-based consensus aims to establish the role of point-of-care lung ultrasound in the management of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in paediatric patients. A panel of thirteen experts form five Polish tertiary pediatric centres was involved in the development of this document. The literature search was done in PubMed database. Statements were established based on a review of full-text articles published in English up to December 2019. The development of this consensus was conducted according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations)—adopted and Delphi method. Initially, 22 proposed statements were debated over 3 rounds of on-line discussion and anonymous voting sessions. A total of 17 statements were agreed upon, including four statements referring to general issues, nine referring to pneumonia and four to bronchiolitis. For five statements experts did not achieve an agreement. The evidence supporting each statement was evaluated to assess the strength of each statement. Overall, eight statements were rated strong, five statements moderate, and four statements weak. For each statement, experts provided their comments based on the literature review and their own experience. This consensus is the first to establish the role of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children as an evidence-based method of imaging.

scholarly journals The hospital telemedicine TELEMED database: Providing information on evidence-based telemedicine services to hospital managers and healthcare professionals

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2110155
Author(s):  
Kristian Kidholm ◽  
Ida W Svendsen ◽  
Knud Yderstræde ◽  
Anne M Ølholm ◽  
Kathrine Rayce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Hospital Managers ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hospital Patients

Background Increased use of telemedicine in the healthcare system is a political goal in Denmark. Although the number of hospital patients using interventions such as the video consultation has increased in recent years only a small proportion of the outpatient and inpatient visits involve telemedicine. The TELEMED database ( https://telemedicine.cimt.dk/ ) has been launched at the Center for Innovative Medical Technologies in Denmark to ensure that hospital managers and healthcare professionals have access to information about telemedicine services and their effectiveness. This article describes the development and the content of the TELEMED database. Methods A structured literature search was made in the PubMed Database for randomised controlled trials or observational studies with a control group that investigated the effect of telemedicine interventions for hospital patients. Data were extracted from each article on the clinical effectiveness, patient perceptions, economic effects and implementation challenges. As the database should only provide inspiration to healthcare professionals regarding possibilities for use of telemedicine, the risk of bias in the studies was not assessed. Results The literature search resulted in 2825 hits. Based on full text assessment, 331 articles were included for data extraction and assessment. These articles present telemedicine services used in 22 different medical specialities. Forty-eight percent of the studies found a positive, statistically significant clinical effect, while 47% showed no statistically significant difference. In 48% of the studies, patients’ experiences were examined and of these 68% found positive patient experiences. Fifty-four percent of the articles included information on the economic effects and, of these, 51% found reduction in healthcare utilization. In the majority of studies between two and four types of implementation challenges were found. Conclusions and recommendations: The TELEMED database provides an easily accessible overview of existing evidence-based telemedicine services for use by hospital managers and health professionals, who whish to to implement telemedicine. The database is freely available and expected to be continuously improved and broadened over time.

Patients and carers as teachers in psychiatric education: a literature review and discussion

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Miller ◽  
V. Pradeep ◽  
M. Mohamad ◽  
Z. Izmeth ◽  
M. T. P. Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Psychiatric Education ◽  
Service User Involvement ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
The United Kingdom

IntroductionThe direct involvement of patients and carers in psychiatric education is driven by policy in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The benefits of this involvement are well known, however, it is important to consider the ethical aspects. This paper suggests how further research could explore and potentially mitigate adverse outcomes.MethodA literature search evaluating the role of patients and carer involvement in psychiatric education was undertaken to summarise existing evidence relating to the following: methods of involvement, evidence of usefulness, patient’s/carer’s views and learners’ views.ResultsThe Medline search produced 231 articles of which 31 were included in the literature review based on the key themes addressed in the paper.Discussion/conclusionThe available evidence is generally positive regarding the use of patients and carers in psychiatric education. However, available research is varied in approach and outcome with little information on the ethical consequences. More research is required to inform policies on teaching regarding potential adverse effects of service user involvement.

scholarly journals A brief literature review on the management of post-haemorrhoidectomy pain

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mohsin Uzzaman ◽  
Muhammed Rafay Sameem Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Symptomatic Control

The most commonly encountered complication after haemorrhoidectomy is post-operative pain. Relief of this pain may aid earlier recovery. A literature search was performed examining the different surgical and medical agents for the relief of post haemorrhoidectomy pain using Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane library databases. Pain can be relieved by surgical or medical agents. Surgery incorporates a risk of incontinence. A number of studies examine the role of medical agents.A variety of surgical techniques and medical agents are available to the clinician in the treatment of post haemorrhoidectomy pain. Tailored management to individual patients should ensure appropriate symptomatic control and prompt recovery.

The Role of Lung Ultrasound Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A review article

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa J. Musa ◽  
Mohamed Yousef ◽  
Mohammed Adam ◽  
Awadalla Wagealla ◽  
Lubna Boshara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Pubmed Central ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Ultrasound Findings

: Lung ultrasound [LUS] has evolved considerably over the last years. The aim of the current review is to conduct a systematic review reported from a number of studies to show the usefulness of [LUS] and point of care ultrasound for diagnosing COVID-19. A systematic search of electronic data was conducted including the national library of medicine, and the national institute of medicine, PubMed Central [PMC] to identify the articles depended on [LUS] to monitor COVID-19. This review highlights the ultrasound findings reported in articles before the pandemic [11], clinical articles before COVID-19 [14], review studies during the pandemic [27], clinical cases during the pandemic [5] and other varying aims articles. The reviewed studies revealed that ultrasound findings can be used to help in the detection and staging of the disease. The common patterns observed included irregular and thickened A-lines, multiple B-lines ranging from focal to diffuse interstitial consolidation, and pleural effusion. Sub-plural consolidation is found to be associated with the progression of the disease and its complications. Pneumothorax was not recorded for COVID-19 patients. Further improvement in the diagnostic performance of [LUS] for COVID-19 patients can be achieved by using elastography, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and power Doppler imaging.

Time for a new international evidence‐based recommendations for point‐of‐care lung ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gino Soldati ◽  
Andrea Smargiassi ◽  
Riccardo Inchingolo ◽  
Danilo Buonsenso ◽  
Tiziano Perrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
International Evidence

scholarly journals Acute Bronchiolitis: Is There a Role for Lung Ultrasound?

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Mauro ◽  
Ammirabile ◽  
Quercia ◽  
Panza ◽  
Capozza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Management ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
First Year Of Life

Introduction: Viral bronchiolitis is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infection in the first year of life, considered a health burden because of its morbidity and costs. Its diagnosis is based on history and physical examination and the role of radiographic examination is limited to atypical cases. Thus far, Lung Ultrasound (LUS) is not considered in the diagnostic algorithm for bronchiolitis. Methods: PubMed database was searched for trials reporting on lung ultrasound examination and involving infants with a diagnosis of bronchiolitis. Results: Eight studies were suitable. Conclusions: This review analyzed the current evidence about the potential usefulness of LUS in the clinical management of bronchiolitis. Literature supports a peculiar role of LUS in the evaluation of the affected children, considering it as a reliable imaging test that could benefit the clinical management of bronchiolitis.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of the Epidemiology, Immunopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Pleural TB in HIV- Infected Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aljohaney ◽  
K. Amjadi ◽  
G. G. Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
High Burden

Background. High HIV burden countries have experienced a high burden of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients.Objective. To review the epidemiology, immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of pleural TB in HIV-infected patients.Methods. A literature search from 1950 to June 2011 in MEDLINE was conducted.Results. Two-hundred and ninety-nine studies were identified, of which 30 met the inclusion criteria. The immunopathogenesis as denoted by cells and cytokine profiles is distinctly different between HIV and HIV-uninfected pleural TB disease. Adenosine deaminase and interferon gamma are good markers of pleural TB disease even in HIV-infected patients. HIV-uninfected TB suspects with pleural effusions commonly have a low yield of TB organisms however the evidence suggests that in dually infected patients smear and cultures have a higher yield. The Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay has significant potential to improve the diagnosis of pleural TB in HIV-positive patients.Conclusions. Pleural TB in HIV-infected patients has a different immunopathogenesis than HIV-uninfected pleural TB and these findings in part support the differences noted in this systematic review. Research should focus on developing an interferon gamma-based point of care diagnostic test and expansion of the role of Gene Xpert in the diagnosis of pleural TB.

scholarly journals Retinal involvement of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Mohammad Eko Prayogo ◽  
Angela Nurini Agni
Keyword(s):  
Literature Search ◽  
Ocular Involvement ◽  
Retinal Layer ◽  
Retinal Lesions ◽  
Ocular Manifestations ◽  
Cotton Wool Spots ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Pigmented Epithelium ◽  
Language Restriction

COVID-19 has wide-ranging manifestations which involve various organs. Although COVID-19 is known to affect mainly the respiratory system, many patients suffered from ocular manifestations following SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially conjunctivitis. However, there was some evidence of broader ocular involvement, which could involve the retinal layer. This review aims to analyze the possible explanation of retinal involvement in COVID-19 and whether comorbidities increase the risk of retinal involvement in COVID-19. We conducted a systematic literature search during September 2020 using the PUBMED database and other additional sources (e.g., Google Scholar). There was no year of publication nor language restriction. Six papers are used in this literature review: two studies reported retinal lesions in COVID-19 patients, one study detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in retinal biopsies and three studies proposed possible mechanisms of retinal involvement in COVID-19. Ocular structures express ACE-2, such as the aqueous humor, pigmented epithelium, and retina. This is supported by the finding of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in postmortem patients. Retinal involvement in COVID-19 patients includes hyperreflective retina lesions, subtle cotton wool spots, and microhemorrhage. However, these findings do not necessarily indicate the specificity of retinal involvement. Diabetes mellitus may be associated with disease severity in patients with COVID-19. Some evidence of retinal involvement in SARS-CoV-2 infection involves the detection of retinal lesions, the expression of ACE-2 in the retina, and the role of comorbidities.

scholarly journals Paramedic patient advocacy: a review and discussion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Batt ◽  
Gerard Ward ◽  
Joseph Acker
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professional ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Patient Advocacy ◽  
Potential Barriers ◽  
Or Practice

Introduction: Patient advocacy is an often encountered term, but one for which no consistent definition exists. Advocacy is a new and developing role of the paramedic that is closely linked to the developing professionalism of paramedicine, along with the expanding role of the paramedic as a healthcare professional in the community. This role however requires exploration and clarification. Methods: A literature search was performed of multiple databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and prominent paramedic journals. Results: No published literature investigating the theory or practice of paramedic patient advocacy, the potential conflicts and benefits of this role, or the perceived and actual barriers to advocacy paramedics face was discovered. Conclusion: The following literature review and discussion investigate the concept of paramedic patient advocacy, the contexts in which advocacy may take place, potential barriers, benefits and conflicts. Proposals are also included for areas requiring further research.

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