scholarly journals Streptomyces Application Triggers Reassembly and Optimization of the Rhizosphere Microbiome of Cucumber

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Yanjiang Zhang ◽  
Tian Zhang ◽  
Zhijing Xue ◽  
Yifan Liu ◽  
Yongzhe Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Genus Streptomyces ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbiome

Streptomyces partum Act12 and Streptomyces roche D74 are biocontrol strains that can promote plant growth and enhance stress resistance in different crops. However, their effects on the rhizosphere microbiome and the role of the reassembled microbiome in plant growth promotion and stress resistance enhancement remain unclear. This study investigated the variation in the rhizosphere microbiome induced by Streptomyces application through a cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. cv. “Youliang”) pot experiment. The bacterial and fungal communities of rhizosphere soils inoculated with and without Streptomyces were, respectively, compared based on 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer rRNA gene sequences. Following Streptomyces application, the bacterial alpha diversity increased significantly, while the fungal alpha diversity exhibited the opposite trend. The bacterial and fungal communities’ compositions clearly shifted in the inoculated soil. Compared with the uninoculated control, the relative abundance of the genus Streptomyces increased by 68.3%, and the bacterial co-occurrence network in the rhizosphere soil was enriched significantly. The relative abundance of bacteria associated with nitrogen fixation was increased by 7.5% following Streptomyces application. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that the application of Streptomyces Act12 and D74 can be used to reassemble and optimize the rhizosphere microbiome of cucumber, which is conducive to plant survival.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis on the Structure and Function of the Panax notoginseng Rhizosphere Microbiome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Kui ◽  
Baozheng Chen ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Rouhallah Sharifi ◽  
Yang Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Disease Suppression ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herb ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbiome

Panax notoginseng, an important Chinese medicinal herb, can be mainly cultivated in two planting patterns, cropland planting (DT) and understory planting (LX). We speculate that the rhizosphere microbiome may vary in DT and LX and may play an important role in promoting the growth and health of P. notoginseng. In the present study, culture-independent Illumina HiSeq was employed to investigate the rhizosphere bacteria and fungi under DT and LX planting patterns. Predominant phyla include Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Ascomycota in the two planting patterns. DT has higher alpha diversity index than LX. The predominant LX-core genera include Bradyrhizobium, Streptomyces, and Actinomadura, and the predominant DT-core genera include Sphingomonas, Variovorax, and Novosphingobium. Total relative abundance of the disease-suppression phylum (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria) and the potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were both significantly higher in LX than in DT. We also identified over-presented microbial functional traits mediating plant–microbe and microbe–microbe interactions, nutrition acquisition, and plant growth promotion in P. notoginseng rhizosphere. Our findings provide a valuable reference for studying beneficial microbes and pathogens of P. notoginseng planted in DT and LX.

scholarly journals Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 Enhances Plant Robustness Status under the Combination of Moderate Drought and Low Nitrogen Stress in Zea mays L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aammar Tufail ◽  
María Touceda-González ◽  
Ilaria Pertot ◽  
Ralf-Udo Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria, which can fix nitrogen, plays a vital role in plant growth promotion. Previous authors have evaluated the effect of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 inoculation on plants subjected to different sources of abiotic stress on an individual basis. The present study aimed to appraise the effect of G. diazotrophicus inoculation on the amelioration of the individual and combined effects of drought and nitrogen stress in maize plants (Zea mays L.). A pot experiment was conducted whereby treatments consisted of maize plants cultivated under drought stress, in soil with a low nitrogen concentration and these two stress sources combined, with and without G. diazotrophicus seed inoculation. The inoculated plants showed increased plant biomass, chlorophyll content, plant nitrogen uptake, and water use efficiency. A general increase in copy numbers of G. diazotrophicus, based on 16S rRNA gene quantification, was detected under combined moderate stress, in addition to an increase in the abundance of genes involved in N fixation (nifH). Endophytic colonization of bacteria was negatively affected by severe stress treatments. Overall, G. diazotrophicus Pal5 can be considered as an effective tool to increase maize crop production under drought conditions with low application of nitrogen fertilizer.

scholarly journals Relative and quantitative rhizosphere microbiome profiling result in distinct abundance patterns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Azarbad ◽  
Julien Tremblay ◽  
Luke D. Bainard ◽  
Etienne Yergeau
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbiome ◽  
History Of ◽  
Almost All

AbstractNext-generation sequencing is recognized as one of the most popular and cost-effective way of characterizing microbiome in multiple samples. However, most of the currently available amplicon sequencing approaches are inherently limited, as they are often presented based on the relative abundance of microbial taxa, which may not fully represent actual microbiome profiles. Here, we combined amplicon sequencing (16S rRNA gene for bacteria and ITS region for fungi) with real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) to characterize the rhizosphere microbiome of wheat. We show that the increase in relative abundance of major microbial phyla does not necessarily result in an increase in abundance. One striking observation when comparing relative and quantitative abundances was a substantial increase in the abundance of almost all phyla associated with the rhizosphere of plants grown in soil with no history of water stress as compared with the rhizosphere of plants growing in soil with a history of water stress, which was in contradiction with the trends observed in the relative abundance data. Our results suggest that the estimated absolute abundance approach gives a different perspective than the relative abundance approach, providing complementary information that helps to better understand the rhizosphere microbiome.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria from Mushroom Residues and their Effect on Tomato Plant Growth Promotion

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Peng Cheng Wang ◽  
Ling Fang ◽  
Qi-An Zhang ◽  
Cong Sheng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

Phosphorus is a major essential macronutrient for plant growth, and most of the phosphorus in soil remains in insoluble form. Highly efficient phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can be used to increase phosphorus in the plant rhizosphere. In this study, 13 isolates were obtained from waste mushroom residues, which were composed of cotton seed hulls, corn cob, biogas residues, and wood flour. NBRIP solid medium was used for isolation according to the dissolved phosphorus halo. Eight isolates produced indole acetic acid (61.5%), and six isolates produced siderophores (46.2%). Three highest phosphate-dissolving bacterial isolates, namely, M01, M04, and M11, were evaluated for their beneficial effects on the early growth of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. Wanza 15). Strains M01, M04, and M11 significantly increased the shoot dry weight by 30.5%, 32.6%, and 26.2%, and root dry weight by 27.1%, 33.1%, and 25.6%, respectively. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and phylogenetic positions, strains M01 and M04 belonged to the genus Acinetobacter, and strain M11 belonged to the genus Ochrobactrum. The findings suggest that waste mushroom residues are a potential resource of plant growth-promoting bacteria exhibiting satisfactory phosphate-solubilizing for sustainable agriculture.

Enhanced tomato plant growth in soil under reduced P supply through microbial inoculants and microbiome shifts

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Namis Eltlbany ◽  
Mohamed Baklawa ◽  
Guo-Chun Ding ◽  
Dinah Nassal ◽  
Nino Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Bacterial Inoculants

ABSTRACT Soil microbial communities interact with roots, affecting plant growth and nutrient acquisition. In the present study, we aimed to decipher the effects of the inoculants Trichoderma harzianum T-22, Pseudomonas sp. DSMZ 13134, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 or Pseudomonas sp. RU47 on the rhizosphere microbial community and their beneficial effects on tomato plants grown in moderately low phosphorous soil under greenhouse conditions. We analyzed the plant mass, inoculant colony forming units and rhizosphere communities on 15, 22, 29 and 43 days after sowing. Selective plating showed that the bacterial inoculants had a good rhizocompetence and accelerated shoot and root growth and nutrient accumulation. 16S rRNA gene fingerprints indicated changes in the rhizosphere bacterial community composition. Amplicon sequencing revealed that rhizosphere bacterial communities from plants treated with bacterial inoculants were more similar to each other and distinct from those of the control and the Trichoderma inoculated plants at harvest time, and numerous dynamic taxa were identified. In conclusion, likely both, inoculants and the rhizosphere microbiome shifts, stimulated early plant growth mainly by improved spatial acquisition of available nutrients via root growth promotion. At harvest, all tomato plants were P-deficient, suggesting a limited contribution of inoculants and the microbiome shifts to the solubilization of sparingly soluble soil P.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Promotion Potential Is Equally Represented in Diverse Grapevine Root-Associated Bacterial Communities from Different Biopedoclimatic Environments

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Marasco ◽  
Eleonora Rolli ◽  
Marco Fusi ◽  
Ameur Cherif ◽  
Ayman Abou-Hadid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Bacterial Assemblage ◽  
Pgp Traits ◽  
Associated Bacteria

Plant-associated bacteria provide important services to host plants. Environmental factors such as cultivar type and pedoclimatic conditions contribute to shape their diversity. However, whether these environmental factors may influence the plant growth promoting (PGP) potential of the root-associated bacteria is not widely understood. To address this issue, the diversity and PGP potential of the bacterial assemblage associated with the grapevine root system of different cultivars in three Mediterranean environments along a macrotransect identifying an aridity gradient were assessed by culture-dependent and independent approaches. According to 16S rRNA gene PCR-DGGE, the structure of endosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities was highly diverse (P=0.03) and was associated with a cultivar/latitudinal/climatic effect. Despite being diverse, the bacterial communities associated with Egyptian grapevines shared a higher similarity with the Tunisian grapevines than those cultivated in North Italy. A similar distribution, according to the cultivar/latitude/aridity gradients, was observed for the cultivable bacteria. Many isolates (23%) presentedin vitromultiple stress resistance capabilities and PGP activities, the most frequent being auxin synthesis (82%), insoluble phosphate solubilisation (61%), and ammonia production (70%). The comparable numbers and types of potential PGP traits among the three different environmental settings indicate a strong functional homeostasis of beneficial bacteria associated with grape root.

scholarly journals Oral Microbiota Development in Early Childhood

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Kennedy ◽  
Sari Peura ◽  
Ulf Hammar ◽  
Silvia Vicenzi ◽  
Anna Hedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition

AbstractEarly life determinants of the oral microbiota have not been thoroughly elucidated. We studied the association of birth and early childhood characteristics with oral microbiota composition using 16 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing in a population-based Swedish cohort of 59 children sampled at 6, 12 and 24 months of age. Repeated-measurement regression models adjusted for potential confounders confirmed and expanded previous knowledge about the profound shift of oral microbiota composition in early life. These alterations included increased alpha diversity, decreased beta diversity and alteration of bacterial composition with changes in relative abundance of 14 of the 20 most common operational taxonomic units (OTUs). We also found that birth characteristics, breastfeeding and antibiotic use were associated with overall phyla distribution and/or with the relative abundance of specific OTUs. Further, we detected a novel link between morning salivary cortisol level, a physiological marker of neuroendocrine activity and stress, and overall phyla distribution as well as with decreased abundance of the most common OTU mapped to the Streptococcaceae family. In conclusion, a major part of the maturation of the oral microbiome occurs during the first two years of life, and this development may be influenced by early life circumstances.

scholarly journals Impacts of Aging and Blackcurrant Supplementation on the Gut Microbiome Profile of Female Mice (P20-031-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Gil Lee ◽  
Cao Lei ◽  
Melissa Melough ◽  
Junichi Sakaki ◽  
Kendra Maas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Young Mice

Abstract Objectives Blackcurrant, an anthocyanin-rich berry, has multiple health benefits. The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of blackcurrant supplementation and aging on gut bacterial communities in female mice. Methods Three-month and 18-month old female mice were provided standard chow diets with or without anthocyanin-rich blackcurrant extract (BC) (1% w/w) for four months. Upon study completion, fecal samples were collected directly from the animals’ colons. Microbiome DNA was extracted from the fecal samples and the V3-V4 regions of their 16S rRNA gene were amplified and sequenced using Results Taxonomic analysis showed a significantly decrease in alpha diversity in aged female mice, compared to young counterparts. BC consumption did not alter the alpha diversity in either young or aged mice compared to control diets. For beta diversity, we observed the clustering was associated with age but not diet. The phylogenic abundance analysis showed that the relative abundance of several phyla, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Tenericutes was higher in aged compared to young mice. Among them, the abundance of Firmicutes was downregulated by BC in the young but not the aged mice. The abundance of Bacteroidetes was increased by BC in both the young and the aged groups. Noticeably, Verrucomicrobia was the only phylum whose relative abundance was upregulated in the aged female mice compared to the young mice. Meanwhile, its relative abundance in the aged group was suppressed by BC. Interestingly, Desulfovibrio, which is the most representative sulfate-reducing genus, was detectable only in young female mice, and BC increased its relative abundance. Conclusions Our results characterized the gut microbiome compositions in young and aged female mice, and indicated that the gut microbiome of young and aged female mice responded differently to four month BC administration. Through additional research, the microbial alterations observed in this study should be further investigated to inform our understanding of the effect of BC on the gut microbiome, the possible health benefits related to these changes, and the differing effects of BC supplementation across populations. Funding Sources This study was supported by the USDA NIFA Seed Grant (#2016-67018-24492) and the University of Connecticut Foundation Esperance Funds to Dr. Ock K. Chun. We thank the National Institute on Aging for providing aged mice for the project and Just the Berries Ltd. for providing the blackcurrant extract.

scholarly journals Arsenic-Redox Transformation and Plant Growth Promotion by Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria Rhodopseudomonas palustris CS2 and Rhodopseudomonas faecalis SS5

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanza Batool ◽  
Fatima tuz Zahra ◽  
Yasir Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Rhodopseudomonas Palustris ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Purple Nonsulfur Bacteria ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Arsenic (As) is a well-known toxic metalloid found naturally and released by different industries, especially in developing countries. Purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSB) are known for wastewater treatment and plant growth promoting abilities. As-resistant PNSB were isolated from a fish pond. Based on As-resistance and plant growth promoting attributes, 2 isolates CS2 and SS5 were selected and identified as Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Rhodopseudomonas faecalis, respectively, through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maximum As(V) resistance shown by R. faecalis SS5 and R. palustris CS2 was up to 150 and 100 mM, respectively. R. palustris CS2 showed highest As(V) reduction up to 62.9% (6.29±0.24 mM), while R. faecalis SS5 showed maximum As(III) oxidation up to 96% (4.8±0.32 mM), respectively. Highest auxin production was observed by R. palustris CS2 and R. faecalis SS, up to 77.18±3.7 and 76.67±2.8 μg mL−1, respectively. Effects of these PNSB were tested on the growth of Vigna mungo plants. A statistically significant increase in growth was observed in plants inoculated with isolates compared to uninoculated plants, both in presence and in absence of As. R. palustris CS2 treated plants showed 17% (28.1±0.87 cm) increase in shoot length and 21.7% (7.07±0.42 cm) increase in root length, whereas R. faecalis SS5 treated plants showed 12.8% (27.09±0.81 cm) increase in shoot length and 18.8% (6.9±0.34 cm) increase in root length as compared to the control plants. In presence of As, R. palustris CS2 increased shoot length up to 26.3% (21.0±1.1 cm), while root length increased up to 31.3% (5.3±0.4 cm), whereas R. faecalis SS5 inoculated plants showed 25% (20.7 ± 1.4 cm) increase in shoot length and 33.3% (5.4 ± 0.65 cm) increase in root length as compared to the control plants. Bacteria with such diverse abilities could be ideal for plant growth promotion in As-contaminated sites.

scholarly journals Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and their potential as bioinoculants on Pennisetum clandestinum (Poaceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Romero-Perdomo ◽  
Jhonnatan Ocampo-Gallego ◽  
Mauricio Camelo-Rusinque ◽  
Ruth Bonila
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pennisetum Clandestinum ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Root And Shoot Length

In this study, we aimed at examining the potential to stimulate growth in Pennisetum clandestinum using four isolated bacterial strains from soils obtained from a Colombian tropical silvopastoral system. We previously identified genetically the strains and characterized two plant growth promotion activities. We found that the four bacterial strains were phylogenetically associated with Klebsiella sp. (strains 28P and 35P), Beijerinka sp. (37L) and Achromobacter xylosoxidans (E37), based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Moreover, the in vitro biochemical assays demonstrated that the strains exhibited some plant growth promotion mechanisms such as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase activity and indole compound synthesis. Notably, bacterial inoculation under greenhouse conditions showed a positive influence on P. clandestinum growth. We found a significant (p < 0.05) effect on root and shoot length, and shoot dry weight. Shoot length increased by 52% and 30% with 37L and 35P, respectively, compared to those without inoculation treatment. Similarly, the use of 37L and 28P raised shoot dry weight values by 170% and 131%, respectively. In root development, inoculation with strains 37L and E37 increased root length by 134% and 100%, respectively. Beijerinckia sp. 37L was the most effective of the four strains at increasing P. clandestinum biomass and length.

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