scholarly journals Reproduction of the Androgenetic Population of the Asian Corbicula Clam (Bivalvia: Cyrenidae) in the Northern Dvina River Basin, Russia

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
Yulia V. Bespalaya ◽  
Olga V. Aksenova ◽  
Alexander V. Kropotin ◽  
Alexander R. Shevchenko ◽  
Oksana V. Travina
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Shell Size ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Reproduction Period ◽  
Corbicula Clam

The Corbicula clam is one of the most successful invaders of aquatic ecosystems and has invaded all continents except Antarctica. The natural dispersion of Corbicula seems to be limited by low winter temperatures that fall below the lower lethal temperatures (0 to +2 °C). However, Corbicula can be found in colder regions, taking refuge in waters heated by thermal power plants. The purpose of this investigation was to study the gonadal histology, reproductive cycle, and the seasonal changes of shell size structure of the Corbicula clam populations in the warm water discharge of the Arkhangelsk thermal power plant (Northwest Russia). Samples were collected monthly from January 2017 to December 2018 and processed using traditional histological and morphological techniques. The number of reproductive periods varied from year to year. It was established that the Corbicula clam has a continuous reproduction period which may be adaptive in unstable environmental conditions. This reproductive strategy is probably aimed at increasing the reproductive success of the population. Our data expand the understanding of reproductive features of the Corbicula clam in harsh environmental conditions. These results could be applied to control, monitoring, and management measures.

scholarly journals The Effect of Unsteady Water Discharge through Dams of Hydroelectric Power Plants on Hydrodynamic Regimes of the Upper Pools of Waterworks

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1336
Author(s):  
Tatyana Lyubimova ◽  
Yanina Parshakova ◽  
Anatoly Lepikhin ◽  
Yury Lyakhin ◽  
Alexey Tiunov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Hydrodynamic Regime ◽  
Hydroelectric Power

The hydrological regimes of surface water bodies, as a rule, are unsteady. However, accounting for the non-stationarity substantially complicates the hydrodynamic calculations. Because of this, the scenario approach is traditionally used in the calculations. Characteristic scenarios are set with constant hydrological characteristics throughout the time covered in the calculations. This approach is fully justified if the characteristic time of the change in water flow rate is much longer than the calculation time. However, nowadays, tasks are becoming more and more urgent when accounting for flow variability during calculation period becomes crucial. First of all, such a problem arises when assessing the effect of non-stationary water discharge through hydroelectric power plant dams on the hydrodynamic regime of both the upper and lower pools of the reservoir. In the present paper, the effect of the intraday variability of the Kamskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant (Kamskaya HEPP) operation on the peculiarities of the hydrodynamic regimes of the near-dam part of the upper pool of the Kama reservoir is described. The importance of the problem is determined by the location of the main drinking water intake of Perm city and one of the largest thermal power plants (TPP) in Europe, Permskaya TPP, in this part of the reservoir. This TPP uses a direct-flow cooling system from the Kama reservoir, which is very sensitive to the peculiarities of the hydrodynamic regime of the reservoir. The computational experiments based on the combined hydrodynamic models in 2D/3D formulations have shown that the intraday oscillations of the discharge flow rate through the dam of the HEPP have a very significant effect on the hydrodynamic regime of the reservoir in the vicinity of the Permskaya TPP; therefore, these effects must be taken into account when minimizing the risks of thermal effluents entering the intake channel of the Permskaya TPP.

Numerical Study of Discharged Heat Water Effect on Aquatic Environment From Coastal Thermal Power Plant by Using Two Water Discharged Pipes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-116
Author(s):  
Alibek Issakhov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Stratified Medium ◽  
Discharge System

The article presents a numerical study of the thermal load on the aquatic environment by using two water discharge pipes under various operational capacities of thermal power plant. It is solved by the Navier-Stokes and temperature transport equations for an incompressible fluid in a stratified medium. The aim of this article is to improve the existing water discharge system for reduce the heat load on the reservoir-cooler of the thermal power plants operation (Ekibastuz SDPP-1). In this article, thermal pollution using only two water discharge pipes, using the existing one and building only one additional in the eastern part of the reservoir-cooler is numerically simulated. The numerical method is based on the projection method, which was approximated by the finite volume method. The obtained numerical results of three-dimensional stratified turbulent flow for two water discharge pipes under various operational capacities of the thermal power plant were compared with experimental data and with the numerical results for one water discharge pipe.

scholarly journals MODEL OF OPTIMIZATION OF SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF URBANIZED TERRITORIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
S.A. Yeprintsev ◽  
◽  
O.V. Klepikov1 ◽  
S.V. Shekoyan ◽  
E.V. Zhigulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Environmental Monitoring System

. Optimization of the socio-ecological conditions of modern urbanized territories is the most important task of ensuring sustainable urban development. For a comprehensive study of the socio-environmental conditions of the territory of Central Russia, the data of the Federal Information Fund for Socio-Hygienic Monitoring, conducted on the basis of the Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, was analyzed. The analysis of the obtained data shows the need to create a special system for optimizing socio-environmental conditions, which will be based on socio-environmental monitoring based on geoinformation technologies. This monitoring should be a multifunctional subsystem that interacts with other subsystems of the unified state environmental monitoring system. The main objective of the measures aimed at optimizing the socio-ecological conditions of the cities of Central Russia is to minimize the content of pollutants in the atmosphere (as the main natural environment that forms environmental risk zones) – derivatives of the technological pressure of the city. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement 3 main tasks on the territory of large cities of Central Russia: 1. To modernize the transport networks of cities with an increase in their capacity, the quality of the road surface, the average speed of vehicles. 2. To minimize atmospheric emissions of thermal power plants and a number of other industrial facilities. 3. To carry out measures for greening the urban space.

scholarly journals A VORTEX DROP STRUCTURE AS DEAERATION SYSTEM FOR A SUBMARINE OUTFALL PIPELINE

2018 ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Rolando García
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
World Bank Group ◽  
Discharge System ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Drop Structure

Use of submarine outfall pipelines became more common since World Bank Group issued a new guideline for maximum emissions levels for thermal power plants in 1998 (van Dijk, 2005). The more restrictive levels for temperature increase at the receiving water, requires outfall systems to conduct the water down to greater depths to achieve the required dilution standard. However, air entrainment control into outfall pipes could be challenging, especially for discharges with high flowrates for which conventional deaeration chambers become too large. The problem could turn more difficult in coastal shelf areas at seismic zones, where the hydraulic height of the incoming flow must be effectively controlled and the design not only has to pursue hydraulic objectives but also stability requirements for these massive structures subjected to relevant seismic thrusts. A vortex drop structure was designed for the cooling water discharge system of a thermal power plant in Mejillones Bay, Chile. The structure addresses the elevation difference between the return flow pipe and the ocean outfall pipelines while adhering to the spatial restrictions at the project site. Energy dissipation as well as limitation of air entrainment into the outfall pipelines were critical design considerations. Tests where done on a 1:12.5 scale (Froude) physical model. Prototype structure is under construction. Operation is planned to start on mid-2018.

A Review on Utilization of Fly- Ash and Pond-Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Mix Design

2018 ◽  
pp. 413-418
Author(s):  
Harshkumar Patel ◽  
Yogesh Patel
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Pond Ash ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Ash Disposal

Now-a-days energy planners are aiming to increase the use of renewable energy sources and nuclear to meet the electricity generation. But till now coal-based power plants are the major source of electricity generation. Disadvantages of coal-based thermal power plants is disposal problem of fly ash and pond ash. It was earlier considered as a total waste and environmental hazard thus its use was limited, but now its useful properties have been known as raw material for various application in construction field. Fly ash from the thermal plants is available in large quantities in fine and coarse form. Fine fly ash is used in construction industry in some amount and coarse fly ash is subsequently disposed over land in slurry forms. In India around 180 MT fly is produced and only around 45% of that is being utilized in different sectors. Balance fly ash is being disposed over land. It needs one acre of land for ash disposal to produce 1MW electricity from coal. Fly ash and pond ash utilization helps to reduce the consumption of natural resources. The fly ash became available in coal based thermal power station in the year 1930 in USA. For its gainful utilization, scientist started research activities and in the year 1937, R.E. Davis and his associates at university of California published research details on use of fly ash in cement concrete. This research had laid foundation for its specification, testing & usages. This study reports the potential use of pond-ash and fly-ash as cement in concrete mixes. In this present study of concrete produced using fly ash, pond ash and OPC 53 grade will be carried. An attempt will be made to investigate characteristics of OPC concrete with combined fly ash and pond ash mixed concrete for Compressive Strength test, Split Tensile Strength test, Flexural Strength test and Durability tests. This paper deals with the review of literature for fly-ash and pond-ash as partial replacement of cement in concrete.

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