scholarly journals Record of Caromiobenella (Copepoda, Monstrilloida) in Brazil and Discovery of the Male of C. brasiliensis: Morphological and Molecular Evidence

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Judson da Cruz Lopes da Rosa ◽  
Cristina de Oliveira Dias ◽  
Eduardo Suárez-Morales ◽  
Laura Isabel Weber ◽  
Luciano Gomes Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
First Record ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Local Abundance ◽  
Males And Females

Monstrilloid copepods are protelean parasites with a complex life cycle that includes an endoparasitic juvenile phase and free-living early naupliar and adult phases. The monstrilloid copepod genus Caromiobenella Jeon, Lee and Soh, 2018 is known to contain nine species, each one with a limited distribution; except for two species, members of this widespread genus are known exclusively from males. Hitherto, members of Caromiobenella have not been recorded from tropical waters of the South Western Atlantic (SWA). The nominal species Monstrilla brasiliensis Dias and Suárez-Morales, 2000 was originally described from female specimens collected in coastal waters of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), but the male remained unknown. The failure to reliably link both sexes of monstrilloid species is one of the main problems in the current taxonomy of the group, thus leading to a separate treatment for each sex. New zooplankton collections in coastal waters and intertidal rocky pools of the SWA yielded several male and female monstrilloid copepods tentatively identified as Monstrilla brasiliensis. Our results of both morphologic and molecular (mtCOI) analyses allowed us to confirm that these males and females were conspecific. We also found evidence suggesting that Caromiobenella is not a monophyletic taxon. Our male specimens are morphologically assignable to Caromiobenella, therefore, females of the nominal species Monstrilla brasiliensis, are matched here with the aforementioned males and, thus, the species should be known as C. brasiliensis comb. nov. (Dias and Suárez-Morales, 2000). This finding represents the third documented discovery of a female of Caromiobenella, the first record of the genus in the Southwestern Atlantic, and the first documented record of monstrilloids from coastal tidepools. With the addition of C. brasiliensis, Caromiobenella now includes 10 valid species worldwide. This work represents the second successful use of molecular methods to link both sexes of a monstrilloid copepod. The male of C. brasiliensis is herein described, and a key to the known species of Caromiobenella and data on the habitat and local abundance of C. brasiliensis are also provided.

The taxonomic status of the South African straptail, Macruronus capensis Davies, 1950 (Pisces, Gadiformes, Macruronidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4374 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBIN W. LESLIE ◽  
OFER GON ◽  
GAVIN GOUWS
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
A New Species

The first record of the straptail fish, genus Macruronus, from South Africa was based on a single specimen captured off the Atlantic Cape coast and described as a new species, M. capensis Davies 1950. Davies did not examine specimens of the other extant nominal species in the genus, but based his conclusions solely on references to the original descriptions of M. novaezelandiae (Hector 1870) and M. magellanicus Lönnberg 1907. We show that all of the characters used by Davies (1950) to distinguish M. capensis from its congeners are in fact shared by the other nominal species of this genus. We also present molecular evidence from a Macruronus specimen recently caught off South Africa to support the conclusion that M. capensis is a junior synonym of M. novaezelandiae. 

scholarly journals Integrative taxonomy reveals disjunct distribution and first record of Hoplias misionera (Characiformes: Erythrinidae) in the Amazon River basin: morphological, DNA barcoding and cytogenetic considerations

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. A. Guimarães ◽  
Juan J. Rosso ◽  
Mendelsohn F. B. Souza ◽  
Juan M. Díaz de Astarloa ◽  
Luís R. R. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
La Plata ◽  
La Plata Basin

Abstract The Hoplias malabaricus group encompasses six valid species and still is believed to harbors cryptic diversity. In this work, an integrative approach including morphological, DNA barcoding, and cytogenetic considerations was conducted to characterize a population of H. malabaricus from the Amazon basin that was recently allocated in the same mitochondrial lineage with H. misionera, a species originally described from La Plata basin. The DNA barcoding analysis revealed that the Amazon population nested together with H. misionera specimens from the La Plata basin (BIN AAB1732) in the same cluster. The intragroup distance (0.5%) was 12 times lower than the nearest neighbor (6%) distance. The morphometric analysis demonstrated slightly variation between Amazon and La Plata populations, being the former composed by larger specimens. Further morphological data supported the molecular evidence of H. misionera inhabiting Amazon basin. The karyotype characterization of H. misionera in the Amazon population showed 2n=40 and karyotypic formulae 20m+20sm, that added to C-banding, Ag-NOR and 18S results are suggestive of the similarity to karyomorph C of H. malabaricus. This work reveals the first record of H. misionera outside of La Plata basin and expands the species distribution for 2500 km northward until the Marajó Island, estuary of Amazonas River.

First record of Pampus minor (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Stromateidae) from the coastal waters of Wenzhou, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Zhijin Yang ◽  
Pan Liu ◽  
Shen Ye ◽  
Fozia Khan Siyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
First Record ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Meristic Counts ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1

Pampus fishes (Perciformes: Stromateidae) are important commercial species and include six valid species in China. The southern lesser pomfret (Pampus minor Liu and Li, 1998) is a species of Pampus for which knowledge is incomplete. This report confirms the occurrence of P. minor in the coastal waters of Wenzhou, China, by analyzing five specimens of P. minor obtained in Wenzhou in March 2019. Morphometric measurements and meristic counts were performed. The diagnostic morphological features of these species were consistent with those of the neotype specimen of P. minor and sufficient for separating the examined specimens from other Pampus species. This study was based on the Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit 1 (CO1) gene, which was sequenced for the purpose of identification. The genetic distances between P. minor and other Pampus species ranged from 13.4% to 15.5%, and the mean genetic distance within the P. minor group was 0.2%. Given that P. minor has not been reported in this region, our findings represent the first record from the coastal waters of Wenzhou and extend the distribution range of this species to the central and northern East China Sea. The reason for the observed northward migration of some P. minor individuals from their northernmost recorded habitat (Taiwan Strait) might be global warming. The collection of additional specimens is needed to further study the geographic limits of P. minor and its presumed northern expansion.

New species of Microscleroderma and Amphibleptula (Demospongiae, Tetractinellida, Scleritodermidae) from two contrasting marine environments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Patricia Gómez ◽  
Fernando Calderón-Gutiérrez ◽  
Carlos González-Gándara ◽  
María De Los Angeles Rojas-Terán
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Cozumel Island ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time

Abstract We record for the first time a nominal species of the genus Microscleroderma in the Western Atlantic, and the first record of the genus Amphibleptula in Mexico. Two new species of ‘lithistid’ Tetractinellida are described: Microscleroderma mexica sp. nov. from crevices of two reefs in Veracruz, Mexico, and Amphibleptula aaktun sp. nov. from the anchialine cave El Aerolito, Cozumel Island, Mexico. Microscleroderma mexica sp. nov. is characterized by its tubular and cup-shaped to wavy laminar habitus, hirsute surface and two size categories of oxea diactines. Amphibleptula aaktun sp. nov. is characterized by its ficiform or lobular habitus with an exhalant area at the flat top of the body, divided into numerous vertical septa-like structures; its desmas have thinner epirhabds, and thinner oxea than those of Amphibleptula madrepora. This is the second species of Amphibleptula that has been described; hence, we propose the redefinition of the genus. Both species described have a shallow distribution (≤21 m depth); they are differentiated from each other by the disjunction between their habitats as well as by their morphology.

Taxonomic revision of the genus Trichopoda Berthold, 1827 (Diptera: Tachinidae: Phasiinae), with emphasis on the Neotropical fauna

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4870 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-104
Author(s):  
RODRIGO DE VILHENA PEREZ DIOS ◽  
SILVIO SHIGUEO NIHEI
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Hind Tibia ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Neotropical Fauna ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Almost All

Trichopoda Berthold, 1827 is a tachinid genus belonging to the subfamily Phasiinae and natively distributed in the Americas. Species of Phasiinae are parasitoids of Hemiptera, especially Heteroptera, and are greatly important as biological control agents. Trichopoda is included in the “Trichopoda typica” group sensu Sabrosky, along with the genera Eutrichopoda Townsend, 1908 and Ectophasiopsis Townsend, 1915a. The genus Trichopoda includes several nominal species, many of which have been synonymized, whereas others have been transferred to different genera. Even though the group is morphologically remarkable for its bright colors and feather-like setae on the hind tibia and is important from an agricultural point of view, there have been no revisionary works dealing with its species. Before the present study, 22 valid species were included in Trichopoda, divided into two subgenera: Galactomyia Townsend, 1908 and Trichopoda s. str. In the current study, 25 species of Trichopoda are considered valid, of which twelve are described as new: Trichopoda (Galactomyia) auricauda sp. n., T. (G.) castannea sp. n., T. (G.) curvicercus sp. n., T. (G.) dupuisi sp. n., T. (G.) elongata sp. n., T. (G.) eupilipes sp. n., T. (G.) goiana sp. n., T. (G.) splendida sp. n., T. (G.) tenebrosa sp. n., T. (G.) tschorsnigi sp. n., T. (G.) urucurytuba sp. n. and T. (Trichopoda) sabroskyi sp. n. We also propose two new synonymies: Trichopoda (Galactomyia) giacomellii (Blanchard, 1966) syn. n. of T. (G.) pennipes (Fabricius, 1781) and T. (G.) nigripes Wulp, 1892 syn. n. of T. (G.) pennipes (Fabricius, 1781); the synonymies of T. ciliata (Fabricius, 1805) and T. haitensis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 with T. (G.) pennipes (Fabricius, 1781) are confirmed. We resurrect one species, T. (Galactomyia) limbata (Blanchard, 1966), which was previously synonymized under T. giacomellii (= T. pennipes). We also propose two new subgeneric combinations: T. alipes Wulp, 1892 and T. squamipes Wulp, 1892 are moved from the subgenus Galactomyia to the subgenus Trichopoda. The species aurantiaca Townsend, 1891 is considered as unrecognized within the genus Trichopoda, whereas T. mexicana Macquart, 1846 and T. subcilipes Macquart, 1844 are considered incertae sedis within the tribe Gymnosomatini. Three species are removed from the genus Trichopoda and placed in the genus Homogenia Wulp, 1892: Homogenia apicalis (Wiedemann, 1830), comb. n., H. decisa (Walker, 1853), comb. n. and H. luteipennis (Wiedemann, 1830), comb. n. We provide an identification key to Trichopoda species; due to lack of material, T. flava Röder, 1885 was not included in the key. The compositions of the two subgenera of Trichopoda are redefined for the Neotropical species, whereby all species previously placed in the subgenus Trichopoda by Guimarães, with the exception of T. alipes Wulp, 1892, T. indivisa Townsend, 1897 and T. squamipes, are transferred to the subgenus Galactomyia. On the other hand, the subgeneric placement of the Nearctic species stays the same. We also comment on and try to clarify possible misidentifications, notably for use of species in biological control programs. We present photographs of males and females of all examined species, as well as illustrations of almost all male and female terminalia. 

Pione angelae sp. nov. (Porifera: Hadromerida: Clionaidae) a new species of boring sponge inhabiting pagurized shells from the south-western Atlantic

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1431-1439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Urteaga ◽  
Guido Pastorino
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
First Record ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
The South ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Boring Sponge ◽  
Length Width ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the clionaid genus Pione is described from the south-western Atlantic in Argentine waters. Pione angelae sp. nov. is the first record of the genus from southern South America. It occurs on shells of Olivancillaria urceus and Buccinanops monilifer, two common gastropods living off Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina (38°01′41″S 57°31′07″W) that are inhabited by the hermit crab Loxopagurus loxochelis. Pione angelae sp. nov. is visible on the shell surfaces as circular papillar perforations of 312 μm on average with regular diameters. They lead directly into interconnected chambers from both sides of the shell. The chambers form well-defined galleries in dense substratum. Straight tylostyles in two size-classes (defined by their length: width ratio) occur: 158.6 μm length×2.1 μm width and 185.0×4.5 μm, with spherical heads. Microscleres are more common than tylostyles, with microspined acanthoxeas of 91 μm length, slightly bent in the centre, as well as spirasters of 12 μm length with spines more concentrated on the crests of the spirals; rarely they are straight (microrhabd like). The present samples are compared to similar valid species of the same genus and it is concluded that they represent a new species.

Reproductive strategy of Brachidontes rodriguezii (Bivalvia: Mytiloida) in the South-western Atlantic Ocean

2017 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Torroglosa ◽  
Juliana Giménez
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
First Record ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Rocky Intertidal ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
June July

This study consisted in the characterization of reproductive aspects such as oocytes morphology, temporal variation in size and frequency of oocytes and the reproductive cycle of the mussel Brachidontes rodriguezii. This species dominates the rocky intertidal coast of Buenos Aires province, Argentine and is a prey item of several exploited species; however, due to the introduction of piers and seawalls, as a consequence of anthropogenic activities, the species also inhabits sandy coasts. Mussels were collected from May 2011 to May 2013. Gonad tissue samples were processed according to standard histological procedures. Four gonadal development stages were described for males and females. According to the significant decrease in the frequency of mature oocytes, the spawning events were detected between February and May. However, some evacuation events were recorded in June–July. This study reports the first record of two modalities of hermaphrodites in this species; individuals with male and female gonads and individuals with both types of gametes within a gonad.

scholarly journals North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4302 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW D. LISTON ◽  
ERIK HEIBO ◽  
MARKO PROUS ◽  
HEGE VÅRDAL ◽  
TOMMI NYMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Monophyletic Lineage ◽  
Host Plant Specificity ◽  
First Time ◽  
Genetic Characters ◽  
Sizeable Minority

The sawfly genus Euura of the tenthredinid subfamily Nematinae, in which species level taxonomy has long been regarded as controversial, is particularly species rich in northern parts of the Holarctic. Among a majority of species with more or less free-living larvae, a sizeable minority belongs to a monophyletic lineage whose larvae complete their whole development in galls. We present illustrated keys to the adults and galls of 66 gall-inducing Euura species that occur, or might occur, in northern Europe. The distribution of these species is briefly reviewed, with an emphasis on the fauna of Sweden, where 55 species are now definitely recorded, two of them for the first time (E. bigallae, E. myrtilloidica). The species-level taxonomy of gall-inducing Euura remains partly problematic. Nominal species described on the basis of experimentally tested or assumed host plant specificity, but which cannot be recognised using morphological or genetic characters, are treated as conspecific with currently indistinguishable segregates ("host-plant races") associated with other Salix species. 20 new synonymies are proposed (valid names in parentheses): Eupontania acutifoliae baltica Vikberg & Zinovjev, 2006 and Pontania acutifoliae daphnoides Zinovjev, 1993 (Euura acutifoliae (Zinovjev, 1985)), Euura boreoalpina Kopelke, 2001 (Euura lanatae Malaise, 1921), Euura cinereae Kopelke, 1996 preoccupied and Euura lapponica Kopelke, 1996 preoccupied (Euura auritae Kopelke 2000), Euura gemmacinereae Kopelke, 2001 and E. nigritarsis Cameron, 1885 (Euura mucronata (Hartig, 1837)), Euura phylicifoliae Kopelke, 2001 (Euura myrsinifoliae Kopelke, 2001), Nematus westermanni Boheman, 1852 nomen oblitum (Euura scotaspis (Förster, 1854) nomen protectum), Nematus acerosus Hartig, 1840 (Euura saliciscinereae (Retzius, 1783)), Nematus alienatus Förster, 1854 and Phyllocolpa rolleri Liston, 2005 (Euura leucapsis (Tischbein, 1846)), Nematus angustus Hartig, 1837 (Euura atra (Jurine, 1807)), Nematus erythropygus Förster, 1854 (Euura leucosticta (Hartig, 1837)), Nematus impunctatus Herrich-Schäffer, 1840 (Euura amerinae (Linnaeus, 1758)), Pontania carinifrons Benson, 1940 and Phyllocolpa plicaglauca Kopelke, 2007 (Euura destricta (MacGillivray, 1923)), Pontania obscura Kopelke, 2005 (Euura bridgmanii (Cameron, 1883)), Pontania viminalis var. lugubris Enslin, 1918 and Eupontania collactanea rosmarinifoliae Vikberg & Zinovjev, 2006 (Euura collactanea (Förster, 1854)). Euura weiffenbachiella nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for Euura weiffenbachii Ermolenko, 1988; preoccupied in Euura by Pteronidea weiffenbachi Lindqvist, 1958 (Euura piliserra (Thomson, 1863)). Lectotypes are designated for the following 9 taxa: Euura insularis Kincaid, 1900, Euura lanatae Malaise, 1921, Euura lappo Malaise, 1921, Euura lappo var. hastatae Malaise, 1921, Nematus acerosus Hartig, 1840, Nematus leptocerus Förster, 1854, Nematus vallisnierii Hartig, 1837, Pontania megacephala Rohwer, 1908, and Pontania piliserra var. mascula Enslin, 1915. Because of secondary homonymy within Euura, the valid name of the Nearctic species E. arctica MacGillivray, 1919 is E. delicatula (MacGillivray, 1919). The Nearctic Euura megacephala is removed from synonymy with the Holarctic E. destricta and treated as a valid species. 34 species names are newly combined with Euura. 

A new species of Stoeba (Demospongiae: Astrophorida) from oceanic islands off north-eastern Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 1387-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Moraes ◽  
Guilherme Muricy
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Fernando De Noronha ◽  
A New Species

The genus Stoeba has 11 recognized species. Herein we describe a new species of Stoeba endemic from two oceanic archipelagoes off north-eastern Brazil (Fernando de Noronha and São Pedro e São Paulo), constituting the first record of this genus for the western Atlantic. Stoeba latex sp. nov. is characterized by its thickly encrusting to massive shape, stretched surface, brownish-red colour, and spiculation of calthrops and sanidasters with well developed spines; dichotriaenes and oxeas are absent. Stoeba and Dercitus are very closely related genera, and should probably be merged. The genus Stoeba now contains the following valid species: S. dissimilis, S. exostotica, S. extensa, S. lesinensis, S. natalensis, S. occulta, S. pauper, S. plicata, S. reptans, S. simplex, S. syrmatita and S. latex sp. nov. Several other species still await description. A key to the valid species of Stoeba is given.

Redescription of Orthopristis ruber and Orthopristis scapularis (Haemulidae: Perciformes), with a hybridization zone off the Atlantic coast of South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4576 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE PIRES MARCENIUK ◽  
RODRIGO ANTUNES CAIRES ◽  
LEONARDO MACHADO ◽  
NAJILA NOLIE CATARINE DANTAS CERQUEIRA ◽  
RAYLA ROBERTA M. DE S. SERRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Coloration Patterns

The genus Orthopristis includes seven valid species, three from the western Atlantic and five from eastern Pacific, while the available identification guides and taxonomic keys incorrectly recognize Orthopristis ruber as the only valid species found on the Atlantic coast of South America. Efforts to expand the inventory of fish species from the northern coast of Brazil led to the identification of two distinct species of Orthopristis from Atlantic South America, based on the analysis of coloration patterns and meristic data, as well as DNA. In the present study, the limits of Orthopristis ruber are reviewed, while Orthopristis scapularis is recognized as a valid species for the northern and northeastern coasts of South America. Based on intermediate morphological characteristics and nuclear DNA markers, a hybrid zone was identified off the state of Espírito Santo, on the eastern Brazilian coast. Additionally, considerations are made on the diversity and biogeography of the coastal marine and estuarine fishes found on the Brazilian coast. 

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