scholarly journals Scyphomedusae and Ctenophora of the Eastern Adriatic: Historical Overview and New Data

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Branka Pestorić ◽  
Davor Lučić ◽  
Natalia Bojanić ◽  
Martin Vodopivec ◽  
Tjaša Kogovšek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Phenological Data ◽  
Pelagia Noctiluca ◽  
Regional Trends ◽  
Clear Seasonal Pattern

One of the obstacles to detecting regional trends in jellyfish populations is the lack of a defined baseline. In the Adriatic Sea, the jellyfish fauna (Scyphozoa and Ctenophora) is poorly studied compared to other taxa. Therefore, our goal was to collect and systematize all available data and provide a baseline for future studies. Here we present phenological data and relative abundances of jellyfish based on 2010–2019 scientific surveys and a “citizen science” sighting program along the eastern Adriatic. Inter-annual variability, seasonality and spatial distribution patterns of Scyphomedusae and Ctenophore species were described and compared with existing historical literature. Mass occurrences with a clear seasonal pattern and related to the geographical location were observed for meroplanktonic Scyphomedusae Aurelia solida, Rhizostoma pulmo, and to a lesser extent Chrysaora hysoscella, Cotylorhiza tuberculata and Discomedusa lobata. Holoplanktonic Pelagia noctiluca also formed large aggregations, which were seasonally less predictable and restricted to the central and southern Adriatic. Four species of Ctenophora produced blooms limited to a few areas: Bolinopsis vitrea, Leucothea multicornis, Cestum veneris and the non-native Mnemiopsis leidyi. However, differences between Adriatic subregions have become less pronounced since 2014. Our results suggest that gelatinous organisms are assuming an increasingly important role in the Adriatic ecosystem, which may alter the balance of the food web and lead to harmful and undesirable effects.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in a fine-scale agricultural landscape based on geostatistical analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Yu Li ◽  
Yan-Ting Chen ◽  
Meng-Zhu Shi ◽  
Jian-Wei Li ◽  
Rui-Bin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Geostatistical Analysis ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractA detailed knowledge on the spatial distribution of pests is crucial for predicting population outbreaks or developing control strategies and sustainable management plans. The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, is one of the most destructive pests of cruciferous crops worldwide. Despite the abundant research on the species’s ecology, little is known about the spatio-temporal pattern of P. xylostella in an agricultural landscape. Therefore, in this study, the spatial distribution of P. xylostella was characterized to assess the effect of landscape elements in a fine-scale agricultural landscape by geostatistical analysis. The P. xylostella adults captured by pheromone-baited traps showed a seasonal pattern of population fluctuation from October 2015 to September 2017, with a marked peak in spring, suggesting that mild temperatures, 15–25 °C, are favorable for P. xylostella. Geostatistics (GS) correlograms fitted with spherical and Gaussian models showed an aggregated distribution in 21 of the 47 cases interpolation contour maps. This result highlighted that spatial distribution of P. xylostella was not limited to the Brassica vegetable field, but presence was the highest there. Nevertheless, population aggregations also showed a seasonal variation associated with the growing stage of host plants. GS model analysis showed higher abundances in cruciferous fields than in any other patches of the landscape, indicating a strong host plant dependency. We demonstrate that Brassica vegetables distribution and growth stage, have dominant impacts on the spatial distribution of P. xylostella in a fine-scale landscape. This work clarified the spatio-temporal dynamic and distribution patterns of P. xylostella in an agricultural landscape, and the distribution model developed by geostatistical analysis can provide a scientific basis for precise targeting and localized control of P. xylostella.

scholarly journals INDICADORES ECOLÓGICOS DE LA ESTRUCTURA DE LA COMUNIDAD FITOPLANCTÓNICA EN BAHÍA CONCEPCIÓN, GOLFO DE CALIFORNIA, MÉXICO

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
G. Verdugo-Díaz ◽  
A. Martínez-López ◽  
I. Gárate-Lizárraga
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Clear Seasonal Pattern ◽  
High Species Richness ◽  
Phytoplankton Size

Se presentan los cambios en la distribución espacial de la comunidad fitoplanctónica en Bahía Concepción, B.C.S. de 1991 a 1993. Se estimó la abundancia total, la variación espacio-temporal por fracciones de tamaño (nano y microfitoplancton) y se describe su estructura. Se determinaron 235 taxa, en donde las diatomeas fueron el grupo con mayor riqueza de especies (131). Los géneros más importantes fueron Chaetoceros, Rhizosolenia y Nitzschia. El segundo grupo en importancia fue el de los dinoflagelados (92 especies), representados principalmente por Protoperidinium, Ceratium y Prorocentrum; el tercer grupo fueron los silicoflagelados (9 especies), principalmente del genero Dictyocha. Las diatomeas dominaron en la temporada fría cuando la columna de agua se mantiene homogénea, en tanto que los dinoflagelados prosperaron durante la temporada cálida cuando la columna de agua estuvo estratificada. De este último grupo, 10 especies son tóxicas o potencialmente tóxicas. La abundancia fitoplanctónica total no mostró un comportamiento estacional definido, sin embargo, las variaciones interanuales mostraron un decremento de aproximadamente 25% durante 1992 y 1993, asociado con anomalías positivas de temperatura. A pesar de que las abundancias totales disminuyeron, la contribución porcentual de la fracción nanofitoplanctónica se mantuvo. Ecological indicators of the phytoplankton community structure in Bahía Concepción, Gulf of California, Mexico Seasonal changes in the spatial distribution of the phytoplankton community were determined in Bahía Concepción, B.C.S., from 1991 to 1993. The total abundance and the seasonal variations of phytoplankton size fractions (nanno and microphytoplankton) as well as its structure were determined. A total of 235 taxa were identified. Diatoms were the best represented group due to their high species richness (131). The most important genera were Chaetoceros, Rhizosolenia and Nitzschia. The second important group were dinoflagellates (92 species), represented mainly by Protoperidinium, Ceratium and Prorocentrum. The third numerically important group were the silicoflagellates (9 species). The most representative genus of this group was Dictyocha. A major presence of the diatoms was observed during the cold months with a homogeneous water-column. Major presence of dinoflagellates was recorded during the warm season when the water-column appeared stratified. Ten species of dinoflagellates were considered as toxic or potentially toxic. Total phytoplankton abundance did not show a clear seasonal pattern; nevertheless, the interannual variations exhibited an important decline of about 25 % during 1992 and 1993. These changes were related to positive anomalies of temperature. Altough phytoplankton abundance diminished, the percentage contribution of nannophytoplankton was stable.

Seasonal changes of steroid concentrations in seminal plasma of a European wild boar

1984 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Schopper ◽  
J. Gaus ◽  
R. Claus ◽  
H. Bader
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Boar Taint ◽  
Steroid Production ◽  
European Wild Boar ◽  
Clear Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Boar Semen ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract. The influence of season on testicular steroid production as a parameter of testicular function has been studied in a wild boar. Semen was collected once weekly while it served the dummy. In seminal plasma concentrations of the following steroids were determined by radioimmunoassay: unconjugated testosterone, conjugated testosterone, unconjugated total oestrogens, conjugated total oestrogens and 5α-androst-16-en-3-one ('boar-taint steroid'). All steroids showed a clear seasonal pattern with highest concentrations in autumn and early winter and low levels from January to July. Maxima during the rutting season were 10–25 times greater than average values out of season. During a 2-month-period (mid-July until mid-September) libido was abolished and the wild boar refused to mount the dummy. These results indicate that the seasonal variation in testicular steroid production by the wild boar, regulated by photoperiod, are similar to those of the domestic boar.

Clinical Features and Epidemiology of Invasive Kingella kingae Infections in Southern Israel

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 800-804
Author(s):  
Pablo Yagupsky ◽  
Ron Dagan ◽  
Charles B. Howard ◽  
Menachem Einhorn ◽  
Imad Kassis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Kingella Kingae ◽  
Clear Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Hand Involvement

Objective. To characterize the clinical spectrum and epidemiology of invasive Kingella kingae infections in children living in southern Israel. Design. Five-year observational, descriptive study. Population. Children in whom K. kingae was isolated from blood or other normally sterile body fluid. Results. Twenty-five patients with invasive K. kingae infection (13 male and 12 female) were identified. Twenty-four of these children were younger than 2 years. The annual incidence was 14.3, 27.4, and 31.9 cases per 100 000 children ≤4 years, ≤24 months, and ≤12 months, respectively. Seventeen (68%) of 25 patients sought treatment between July and December. Concomitant upper respiratory tract infection or stomatitis was observed in 14 (56%) of the patients, suggesting a respiratory or buccal source for the infection. Four children were bacteremic: 2 of them suffered from a lower respiratory tract infection, and the remaining 2 had bacteremia with no evident focal infection. Twenty-one children had skeletal infections and none of them was bacteremic; 16 had septic arthritis, 3 had osteomyelitis, 1 had both osteomyelitis and septic arthritis of the adjacent joint, and 1 had dactylitis of the hand. Involvement of the ankle was unusually frequent among children with septic arthritis, whereas the calcaneus was involved in 3 of the 4 children with osteomyelitis. Antibiotic treatment resulted in full recovery in all cases, and only 2 patients with septic arthritis required surgical drainage. Conclusion. Kingella kingae is a much more common cause of invasive infection in young children than has been previously recognized. The disease has a clear seasonal pattern, usually affects the skeletal system, frequently involves unusual bones and joints, and follows a benign course.

A comparative analysis of nematocysts in Pelagia noctiluca and Rhizostoma pulmo from the North Adriatic Sea

Hydrobiologia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 216-217 (1) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Avian ◽  
P. Del Negro ◽  
L. Rottini Sandrini
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Pelagia Noctiluca ◽  
North Adriatic Sea

Carbon and nitrogen content of Laminaria saccharina in the eastern English Channel: biometrics and seasonal variations

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 727-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gevaert ◽  
D. Davoult ◽  
A. Creach ◽  
R. Kling ◽  
M.-A. Janquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
English Channel ◽  
Laminaria Saccharina ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Clear Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Content

Fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), carbon and nitrogen content were measured for specimens of Laminaria saccharina (Heterokontophyta: Phaeophyceae) sampled in the eastern English Channel in order to conduct a biometrical study. The aim was to relate carbon and nitrogen masses of the algae to a simple and rapid morphological measurement of the total length of the sporophyte. These relationships were highly significant and appeared very useful to express the standing biomass of L. saccharina in terms of carbon or nitrogen and then to consider dynamic processes such as primary production. Variations in tissue carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) were examined over a complete seasonal cycle. Average carbon and nitrogen content ranged from 23·9 to 31·4% and 2·23 to 3·42% of the total dry weight, respectively. Variations in C/N ratio showed a clear seasonal pattern with an increase in the early spring corresponding to strong photosynthesis and growth.

scholarly journals Monitoring of atmospheric aerosol particles on the Antarctic Peninsula

1998 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 560-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Correia ◽  
Paulo Artaxo ◽  
Willy Maenhaut
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol Particles ◽  
Clear Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Fine Mode ◽  
The Antarctic

Atmospheric aerosol particles have been sampled since 1985 at the Brazilian Antarctic station, Comandante Ferraz (62°05' S, 58°23 5'W) Stacked niter units were used to collect particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10μm. The elemental concentration was measured by particle-induced X-ray emission, yielding data for 23 elements: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, K, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn Sc, Br Kb, SrZr and Pb. The detection limit was typically near 5 ng m −3 for elements with atomic number (z) less than 20, and Oingm for 21 < z <.30. Principal-factor and cluster analyses identified four sources for the Antarctic aerosol: fine and coarse sea salt, soil dust and sulphates. The fine-mode non-sea-salt sulphate concentration showed a clear seasonal pattern accompanying the biological cycle of algae, with minimum during winter. Some elements, such as Ni and Pb, showed very high enriched concentrations relative to the bulk sea-water composition. This indicates the existence of sources of regional or long-range transported pollution.

scholarly journals The Potential of Speleothems from Western Europe as Recorders of Regional Climate: a Critical Assessment of the SISAL Database

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Lechleitner ◽  
Sahar Amirnezhad-Mozhdehi ◽  
Andrea Columbu ◽  
Laia Comas-Bru ◽  
Inga Labuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Regional Trends ◽  
Spatial Trends ◽  
The Last Glacial

Western Europe is the region with the highest density of published speleothem δ18O (δ18Ospel) records worldwide. Here we review these records in light of the recent publication of the Speleothem Isotopes Synthesis and Analysis (SISAL) database [1]. We investigate how representative the spatial and temporal distribution of the available records is for climate in Western Europe, and review potential sites and strategies for future studies. We show that spatial trends in precipitation δ18O are mirrored in the speleothems, providing means to better constrain the factors influencing δ18Ospel at a specific location. Coherent regional δ18Ospel trends are found over stadial-interstadial transitions of the last glacial, especially in high altitude Alpine records. Over the Holocene, regional trends are less clearly expressed, due to lower signal-to-noise ratios in δ18Ospel, but can potentially be extracted with the use of statistical methods. Overall, this first assessment highlights the potential of the European region for speleothem palaeoclimate reconstruction, while underpinning the importance of knowledge of local factors for a correct interpretation of δ18Ospel.

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