scholarly journals Biometry, Distribution and Genetic Characterization of Blue Jack Mackerel Trachurus picturatus (Bowdich, 1825), a Rare Pelagic Fish Species in the Adriatic Sea

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Barbara Zorica ◽  
Ivana Bušelić ◽  
Vanja Čikeš Keč ◽  
Vedran Vuletin ◽  
Ivana Lepen Pleić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Fishing Ground ◽  
Jack Mackerel ◽  
Biometrical Analysis ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Positive Allometry ◽  
Northeast Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Published Research

The blue jack mackerel Trachurus picturatus (Bowdich, 1825) specimens (N = 155) were collected during the MEDITS survey, done along the eastern side, precisely, of the Croatian fishing ground in July 2018. Biometrical analysis of ten morphometric and five meristic characters, as well as genetic analysis proved that the collected specimens were blue jack mackerel. The total length (TL) and weight (W) of all observed specimens ranged from 9.2 to 33.7 cm (12.15 ± 2.95 cm) and from 5.79 to 384.94 g (17.64 ± 39.42 g), respectively. All calculated length–length relationships were linear (r > 0.923). Sex was determined only on two larger specimens (28 cm < TL < 32.8 cm), which were females. In the length–weight relationship, positive allometry was established (b = 3.1789). Based on 37 partial cytochrome b sequences, the overall haplotype diversity (h) of 0.812 ± 0.048 and nucleotide diversity (π) of 0.0064 ± 0.0007 indicated high levels of haplotype and low nucleotide diversity. The obtained sequences were compared to previously published research within the Northeast Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, confirming the absence of genetic structure among these populations.

scholarly journals GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF KISSING GOURAMI (Helostoma temminckii Cuvier, 1829) IN OGAN RIVER, SOUTH SUMATRA INFERRED FROM 16S rRNA AND COI MITOCHONDRIAL GENES

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Tuty Arisuryanti ◽  
Gregorius Altius Pratama ◽  
Lukman Hakim ◽  
Johan Putra Koentjana ◽  
Fitria Kurnia Nazira
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Fish Stock ◽  
Fish Samples

Genetic characterization data of kissing gourami are important to understand historical lineage thus enhancing sustainability of the species and to establish regulation for sustainable management of the fish stock in their habitat. However, investigation of genetic characterization of kissing gourami, one of native Indonesian freshwater fishes has poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine genetic characterization of the fish species collected from Ogan River, South Sumatra using partial sequences of two mitochondrial genes, 16S rRNA and COI. The results revealed that for the 621 bp determined in 16S rRNA gene of the samples, five sites were variable, of which one was parsimony informative. Concatenate data revealed three haplotypes with an overall haplotype diversity of 0.833±0.222 and nucleotide diversity of 0.003±0.001. The genetic divergence varied from 0-0.49%. Next, sequence analysis of COI gene exhibited 609 bp which can be translated into 203 amino acids. For the 609 bp sequence determined in the fish samples, three haplotypes were revealed with nine variable sites and two parsimony informatives. Haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of the fish samples were 0.833±0.22 and 0.00794±0.0025, respectively. The haplotype divergence between the fish samples was also supported by three nonsynonymous codons. In addition, the genetic divergence varied from 0 % to 1.16 %. The results suggest that genetic variation of the kissing gourami has to be monitored and further studies are needed to compare the same species from different location to know the historical lineage and demography.

scholarly journals Biochar Chemistry in a Weathered Tropical Soil: Kinetics of Phosphorus Sorption

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Marina Moura Morales ◽  
Nicholas Brian Comerford ◽  
Maurel Behling ◽  
Daniel Carneiro de Abreu ◽  
Iraê Amaral Guerrini
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Initial Reaction ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
P Sorption ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Kinetics Of

The phosphorus (P) chemistry of biochar (BC)-amended soils is poorly understood. This statement is based on the lack of published research attempting a comprehensive characterization of biochar’s influence on P sorption. Therefore, this study addressed the kinetic limitations of these processes. This was accomplished using a fast pyrolysis biochar made from a mix of waste materials applied to a highly weathered Latossolo Vermelho distrofico (Oxisol) from São Paulo, Brazil. Standard method (batch method) was used. The sorption kinetic studies indicated that P sorption in both cases, soil (S) and soil-biochar (SBC), had a relatively fast initial reaction between 0 to 5 min. This may have happened because adding biochar to the soil decreased P sorption capacity compared to the mineral soil alone. Presumably, this is a result of: (i) Inorganic phosphorus desorbed from biochar was resorbed onto the mineral soil; (ii) charcoal particles physically covered P sorption locations on soil; or (iii) the pH increased when BC was added SBC and the soil surface became more negatively charged, thus increasing anion repulsion and decreasing P sorption.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction of groupers Epinephelus spp. from Madura Island, Indonesia based on partial sequence of CO1 gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDUL BASITH ◽  
Abinawanto Abinawanto ◽  
ENI KUSRINI ◽  
YASMAN YASMAN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Partial Sequence ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Epinephelus Coioides ◽  
Substitution Model ◽  
Genetic Diversity Analysis

Abstract. Basith A, Abinawanto, Kusrini E, Yasman. 2021. Genetic diversity analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction of groupers Epinephelus spp. from Madura Island, Indonesia based on partial sequence of CO1 gene. Biodiversitas 22: 4282-4290. Groupers populations in Indonesia, particularly from Madura Island, East Java are indicated to be over-fished, thereby requiring data collection of more accurate genetic resources as an important step for grouper conservation. A total of 14 samples of the Epinepheplus groupers were obtained from the fish landing port on Madura Island. The 617 bp CO1 gene sequence was utilized for genetic diversity analysis and phylogenetic tree reconstruction. Genetic diversity is based on the value of haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (?). Reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree includes neighbor-joining (NJ) implementing K2P substitution model, while maximum likelihood (ML) is conducted by implementing HKY+G+I substitution model, both of which were evaluated by employing a bootstrap of 1000 replications. Analysis of genetic distance between species indicated that the farthest distance between E. heniochus and E. fasciatus was 0.189, while the closest distance between E. erythrurus and E. ongus was 0.099. Intrapopulation genetic diversity indicated a high value with details of Hd=0.978 and ?=0.12107. Furthermore, NJ and ML phylogenetic tree demonstrated similar topology in the observed Epinephelus spp. obtained from Madura Island grouped into 7 clades, that is Epinephelus coioides, E. bleekeri, E. areolatus, E. erythrurus, E. heniochus, E. fasciatus, and E. ongus.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence in mitochondrial DNA of Anopheles nuneztovari (Diptera: Culicidae) from Brazil and Colombia

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Margarete Scarpassa ◽  
Silvia Geurgas ◽  
Ana Maria L. Azeredo-Espin ◽  
Wanderli Pedro Tadei
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Restriction Endonucleases ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Geographic Populations

In the present study, we have examined the variability in Anopheles nuneztovari mitochondrial DNA of three populations from the Brazilian Amazon and one from western Colombia (Sitronela), using four restriction endonucleases (BclI, ClaI, HindIII, SstI). The haplotype diversity (h) was slightly elevated in all populations (0.5000 to 0.6765), whereas the nucleotide diversity (pi) was lower in the Sitronela population (0.0029) and higher in populations from the Brazilian Amazon (0.0056 to 0.0098). The degree of sequence divergence (delta) estimated within the Brazilian Amazon and that in Sitronela (0.0329 to 0.0371) suggests that these geographic populations of A. nuneztovari may eventually constitute separate species. The low sequence divergence values among the three Brazilian Amazon populations (0.0012 to 0.0031) indicate that these populations are genetically similar. These results are consistent with those recently reported for allozymes of these same populations.

Characterization of the Volatiles’ Profiles of the Eggs of Forensically Relevant Lucilia sericata and Phormia regina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Blow Flies by SPME-Facilitated GC-MS

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 994-1005
Author(s):  
Justine E Giffen-Lemieux ◽  
Koji Okuda ◽  
Jennifer Y Rosati ◽  
Rabi A Musah
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Lucilia Sericata ◽  
Phormia Regina ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Blow Fly ◽  
Headspace Volatiles ◽  
Blow Flies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Published Research

Abstract The attraction of necrophagous insects, particularly blow flies, to corpses and carrion is of ecological, economic, and agricultural importance, although the mechanisms by which it occurs are not well understood. Much of the published research on blow fly attractants has focused on volatiles emitted from carrion surrogates, but little attention has been given to the possibility that blow fly eggs themselves may emit chemical cues that are responsible for conspecific and heterospecific insect attraction. In this study, the headspace volatiles emitted from eggs representing two aggregated oviposition events that were collected 1 mo apart from two species of the Calliphoridae family (Order: Diptera), Lucilia sericata (Meigen), and Phormia regina (Meigen) were analyzed via solid-phase microextraction-facilitated GC-MS. The volatiles’ profiles were found to be consistent between samples representing the same species, but unique between the two species. Over 100 molecules covering a wide range of compound classes that included alcohols, aldehydes, esters, amines, ketones, and organosulfur compounds were identified. The profile of volatiles emitted from the L. sericata eggs contained several alkanes and aldehydes, whereas salient features of the P. regina headspace included numerous esters and ketones. Between the two species, 42 compounds were shared, several of which were carboxylic acids. Little overlap between the range of compounds detected and those reported to be emitted from decomposing remains was observed.

Population genetics and phylogenetic analysis of the vrs1 nucleotide sequence in wild and cultivated barley

Genome ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xifeng Ren ◽  
Yonggang Wang ◽  
Songxian Yan ◽  
Dongfa Sun ◽  
Genlou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Lateral Spikelet ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Barley Population

Spike morphology is a key characteristic in the study of barley genetics, breeding, and domestication. Variation at the six-rowed spike 1 (vrs1) locus is sufficient to control the development and fertility of the lateral spikelet of barley. To study the genetic variation of vrs1 in wild barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) and cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare), nucleotide sequences of vrs1 were examined in 84 wild barleys (including 10 six-rowed) and 20 cultivated barleys (including 10 six-rowed) from four populations. The length of the vrs1 sequence amplified was 1536 bp. A total of 40 haplotypes were identified in the four populations. The highest nucleotide diversity, haplotype diversity, and per-site nucleotide diversity were observed in the Southwest Asian wild barley population. The nucleotide diversity, number of haplotypes, haplotype diversity, and per-site nucleotide diversity in two-rowed barley were higher than those in six-rowed barley. The phylogenetic analysis of the vrs1 sequences partially separated the six-rowed and the two-rowed barley. The six-rowed barleys were divided into four groups.

A minimalist macroparasite diversity in the round goby of the Upper Rhine reduced to an exotic acanthocephalan lineage

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (8) ◽  
pp. 1020-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendoline M. David ◽  
Cybill Staentzel ◽  
Olivier Schlumberger ◽  
Marie-Jeanne Perrot-Minnot ◽  
Jean-Nicolas Beisel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Round Goby ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Neogobius Melanostomus ◽  
Molecular Barcoding ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Upper Rhine ◽  
Invasion Corridor

AbstractThe round goby, Neogobius melanostomus, is a Ponto-Caspian fish considered as an invasive species in a wide range of aquatic ecosystems. To understand the role that parasites may play in its successful invasion across Western Europe, we investigated the parasitic diversity of the round goby along its invasion corridor, from the Danube to the Upper Rhine rivers, using data from literature and a molecular barcoding approach, respectively. Among 1666 parasites extracted from 179 gobies of the Upper Rhine, all of the 248 parasites barcoded on the c oxidase subunit I gene were identified as Pomphorhynchus laevis. This lack of macroparasite diversity was interpreted as a loss of parasites along its invasion corridor without spillback compensation. The genetic diversity of P. laevis was represented by 33 haplotypes corresponding to a haplotype diversity of 0·65 ± 0·032, but a weak nucleotide diversity of 0·0018 ± 0·00015. Eight of these haplotypes were found in 88·4% of the 248 parasites. These haplotypes belong to a single lineage so far restricted to the Danube, Vistula and Volga rivers (Eastern Europe). This result underlines the exotic status of this Ponto-Caspian lineage in the Upper Rhine, putatively disseminated by the round goby along its invasion corridor.

scholarly journals Maternal variability of Croatian Spotted goat (Capra hircus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
Ivana Drzaic ◽  
Ino Curik ◽  
Dinko Novosel ◽  
Vlatka Cubric-Curik
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Loop Region ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Mtdna Diversity

Abstract: This study provides the first characterization of maternal ancestry and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity in the Croatian Spotted goat (CSG), the most important autochthonous goat breed in Croatia. CSG (n = 25) were randomly sampled from seven herds and a 660-bp fragment from the mtDNA D-loop region was sequenced. Those sequences were compared with 122 corresponding GenBank sequences from goat populations in Albania, Austria, Egypt, Greece, Italy, Romania and Switzerland. CSG showed a great polymorphism (only three out of 17 haplotypes were shared) with high a haplotype (Hd = 0.967 ± 0.019) and nucleotide diversity (π = 0.01305 ± 0.00068). When compared with Mediterranean and ancient goats, all of the 25 CSG were randomly scattered inside haplogroup A showing the weak phylogeographic structure with within-breed variance accounting for 91.76% of the genetic variation. In addition, population expansion tests (mismatch distribution and Fu’s Fs statistic) supported these results suggesting at least one population expansion.

Population genetics and phylogeography of the blue rockfish (Sebastes mystinus) from Washington to California

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M Cope
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Diversity ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Control Region ◽  
Full Sequence ◽  
Biogeographic Barrier ◽  
To Come ◽  
Sebastes Mystinus ◽  
North And South

Blue rockfish (Sebastes mystinus) are a major component of nearshore ecology and fisheries on the west coast of the United States, but the extent of spatial structuring between localized populations is unknown. I sampled 245 blue rockfish at eight locations from Washington to California and sequenced a 498 base pair portion of the mitochondrial DNA control region to describe genetic diversity, population structure, and phylogeography. Haplotype diversity was high, but nucleotide diversity was low, indicating historically unstable population dynamics. Significantly high levels of population differentiation were detected among sample sites (maximum pairwise FST: full sequence = 0.25, reduced sequence = 0.74, P < 0.001), with a distinct break (ΦCT: full sequence = 0.12; reduced sequence = 0.36, P < 0.05) north and south of Cape Mendocino and no overall trend between geographic and genetic distances. Cape Mendocino may prove an important biogeographic barrier to other marine organisms, but it has not been extensively explored as such. The northern subpopulation derived from the southern subpopulation, but little contact has been made between the populations for potentially thousands of years. Therefore, repopulation of a depleted southern subpopulation is unlikely to come from the less-fished northern subpopulation.

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