scholarly journals Effects of Temperature and pH on the Egg Production and Hatching Success of a Common Korean Copepod

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
Eun Hye Lee ◽  
Seo Yeol Choi ◽  
Min Ho Seo ◽  
Seok Ju Lee ◽  
Ho Young Soh
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Egg Production Rate ◽  
Fresh Surface

The recent accelerated ocean acidification and global warming caused by increased atmospheric carbon dioxide may have an impact on the physiology and ecology of marine animals. This study was conducted to determine the egg production rate (EPR) and hatching success (EHS) of Acartia ohtsukai in response to the combined effects of an increase in temperature and a lower pH. Acartiaohtsukai with fresh surface seawater were collected in the northwestern Yeoja Bay of Korea in September 2017. The temperature and pH conditions applied included two different pH levels (representing the present: 7.9 and the future: 7.6) and three temperature values (26 °C, 28 °C, and 30 °C). In the pH 7.9, EPR significantly increased with increased temperature, but in pH 7.6, it significantly decreased as the temperature increased. EHS was lower in pH 7.6 than in pH 7.9. These results suggest that changes in the marine environment due to global warming and ocean acidification may affect Acartia populations and cause overall fluctuations in copepods of the genus Acartia.

scholarly journals Effects of low pH and raised temperature on egg production, hatching and metabolic rates of a Mediterranean copepod species (Acartia clausi) under oligotrophic conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. ZERVOUDAKI ◽  
C. FRANGOULIS ◽  
L. GIANNOUDI ◽  
E. KRASAKOPOULOU
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Vital Rates ◽  
Coastal Station ◽  
Acartia Clausi ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Egg Production Rate

This study includes the first information on the combined effect of low pH and raised temperature on egg production rate (EP), hatching success (HS), excretion and respiration of the Mediterranean copepod Acartia clausi. Adult individuals of A. clausi and fresh surface seawater were collected at a coastal station in Saronikos Gulf during April 2012. Four different conditions were applied: two different pH levels (present: 8.09 and future: 7.83) at two temperature values (present: 16°C and present+4 °C= 20°C). EP and HS success decreased significantly over the duration of exposure at future pH at both temperature conditions. However, the analysis of the combined effect of pH, T, chlorophyll α and the duration of the experiments on EP and HS revealed that ocean acidification had no discernible effect, whereas warming; food and the duration of exposure were more significant for the reproductive output of A. clausi. Temperature appeared to have a positive effect on respiration and excretion. Acidification had no clear effect on respiration, but a negative effect on the A. clausi excretion was observed. Acidification and warming resulted in the increase of the excretion rate and the increase was higher than that observed by warming only. Our findings showed that a direct effect of ocean acidification on copepod’s vital rates was not obvious, except maybe in the case of excretion. Therefore, the combination of acidification with the ambient oligotrophic conditions and the warming could result in species being less able to allocate resources for coping with multiple stressors.

scholarly journals Ocean acidification challenges copepod reproductive plasticity

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 18541-18570 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vehmaa ◽  
A.-K. Almén ◽  
A. Brutemark ◽  
A. Paul ◽  
U. Riebesell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Transplant Experiment ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Transgenerational Effects ◽  
Egg Hatching

Abstract. Ocean acidification is challenging phenotypic plasticity of individuals and populations. Calanoid copepods (zooplankton) are shown to be fairly plastic against altered pH conditions, and laboratory studies indicate that transgenerational effects are one mechanism behind this plasticity. We studied phenotypic plasticity of the copepod Acartia bifilosa in the course of a pelagic, large-volume mesocosm study that was conducted to investigate ecosystem and biogeochemical responses to ocean acidification. We measured copepod egg production rate, egg hatching success, adult female size and adult female antioxidant capacity (ORAC) as a function of acidification (fCO2 ~ 365–1231 μatm), and as a function of quantity and quality of their diet. We used an egg transplant experiment to reveal if transgenerational effects can alleviate the possible negative effects of ocean acidification on offspring development. We found significant negative effects of ocean acidification on adult female copepod size and egg hatching success. In addition, we found a threshold of fCO2 concentration (~ 1000 μatm), above which adaptive maternal effects cannot alleviate the negative effects of acidification on egg hatching and nauplii development. We did not find support for the hypothesis that insufficient food quantity (total particulate carbon ~ 55 μm) or quality (C : N) weakens the transgenerational effects. However, females with high ORAC produced eggs with high hatching success. Overall, these results indicate that A. bifilosa could be affected by projected near future CO2 levels.

scholarly journals Influence of Experimental Thermal Shifts and Overcrowding on Fecundity in Wild Females of Acartia Tonsa of the Bahía Blanca Estuary

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Berasategui Anabela Anahi ◽  
M. Celeste Lopez-Abbate ◽  
Florencia Biancalana ◽  
Monica S. Hoffmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Acartia Tonsa ◽  
Bahía Blanca Estuary ◽  
Egg Production Rate ◽  
Blanca Estuary ◽  
Thermal Shift

The copepod Acartia tonsa plays an important role in the food web of many estuaries influenced by changes due to anthropic activities, hence it is relevant to know its reproductive plasticity under stressful conditions. We examined the influence of thermal shift (6 ± 1ºC and 18 ± 1ºC) and overcrowding stress on egg production and hatching success in wild females of A. tonsa of the Bahía Blanca Estuary. Egg production rate (EP), hatching success during seven days (E7 %) and time taken to hatch 50 % of eggs (T 50) were registered. The high individual density used in the incubations caused a decrease in EP values at both temperatures. Nevertheless, all the females responded favorably to 18°C. EP and E7 % obtained at both temperatures were significantly different the values at 18ºC, being twice as high as those obtained at 6°C. T 50 values at 18ºC indicated a shorter developmental time in eggs from spring females, whereas the opposite effect was observed in eggs from winter females. Our results indicate that the reproductive performance is affected by short exposures to thermal shift. The pattern of egg production and hatching is also modified in accordance with the maternal history.

scholarly journals Ocean acidification challenges copepod phenotypic plasticity

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 6171-6182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Vehmaa ◽  
Anna-Karin Almén ◽  
Andreas Brutemark ◽  
Allanah Paul ◽  
Ulf Riebesell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Transplant Experiment ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Transgenerational Effects ◽  
Egg Hatching

Abstract. Ocean acidification is challenging phenotypic plasticity of individuals and populations. Calanoid copepods (zooplankton) are shown to be fairly plastic against altered pH conditions, and laboratory studies indicate that transgenerational effects are one mechanism behind this plasticity. We studied phenotypic plasticity of the copepod Acartia sp. in the course of a pelagic, large-volume mesocosm study that was conducted to investigate ecosystem and biogeochemical responses to ocean acidification. We measured copepod egg production rate, egg-hatching success, adult female size and adult female antioxidant capacity (ORAC) as a function of acidification (fCO2  ∼  365–1231 µatm) and as a function of quantity and quality of their diet. We used an egg transplant experiment to reveal whether transgenerational effects can alleviate the possible negative effects of ocean acidification on offspring development. We found significant negative effects of ocean acidification on adult female size. In addition, we found signs of a possible threshold at high fCO2, above which adaptive maternal effects cannot alleviate the negative effects of acidification on egg-hatching and nauplii development. We did not find support for the hypothesis that insufficient food quantity (total particulate carbon < 55 µm) or quality (C : N) weakens the transgenerational effects. However, females with high-ORAC-produced eggs with high hatching success. Overall, these results indicate that Acartia sp. could be affected by projected near-future CO2 levels.

Inhibition of Population Growth in the Copepod Calanus sinicus during Diatom Bloom

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 2845-2849
Author(s):  
Jie Li ◽  
Yan Juan Liang ◽  
Guo Wei Zhang ◽  
Ze Hao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Hatching Success ◽  
Skeletonema Costatum ◽  
Jiaozhou Bay ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Diatom Bloom ◽  
Calanus Sinicus ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Egg Production Rate

Field evidence is presented showing that egg production rate and hatching success in the copepod Calanus sinicus were greatly modified during a major late-winter diatom blooms in the Jiaozhou Bay (Yellow Sea). The diatom species composition in this period had shifted to a dominance of Skeletonema costatum and Thalassiosira sp, and comprised about 65% of phytoplankton population among all six sampling stations. Calanus sinicus were examined to determine the effects of the diatom bloom on reproduction and recruitment. The results of egg production rate and hatching success were significantly decreased with the increase of chlorophyll a concentration, indicating that diatom bloom induced negative effect on the copepods population recruitment.

An overview of flow cell architectures design and optimization for electrochemical CO2 reduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dui Ma ◽  
Ting Jin ◽  
Keyu Xie ◽  
Haitao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Flow Cell ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Electrochemical Co2 Reduction ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Levels

Converting CO2 into value-added fuels or chemical feedstocks through electrochemical reduction is one of the several promising avenues to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide levels and alleviate global warming. This approach...

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