scholarly journals Zoantharia (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia) of the Dutch Caribbean and One New Species of Parazoanthus

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Javier Montenegro ◽  
Bert W. Hoeksema ◽  
Maria E. A. Santos ◽  
Hiroki Kise ◽  
James Davis Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Species List ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Dutch Caribbean ◽  
One New Species

Species of the anthozoan order Zoantharia (=Zoanthidea) are common components of subtropical and tropical shallow water coral reefs. Despite a long history of research on their species diversity in the Caribbean, many regions within this sea remain underexamined. One such region is the Dutch Caribbean, including the islands of St. Eustatius, St. Maarten, Saba, Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao, as well as the Saba Bank, for which no definitive species list exists. Here, combining examinations of specimens housed in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center collection with new specimens and records from field expeditions, we provide a list of zoantharian species found within the Dutch Caribbean. Our results demonstrate the presence at least 16 described species, including the newly described Parazoanthus atlanticus, and the additional potential presence of up to four undescribed species. These records of new and undescribed species demonstrate that although the zoantharian research history of the Caribbean is long, further discoveries remain to be found. In light of biodiversity loss and increasing anthropogenic pressure on declining coral reefs, documenting the diversity of zoantharians and other coral reef species to provide baseline data takes on a new urgency.

scholarly journals 7000 years of turnover: historical contingency and human niche construction shape the Caribbean's Anthropocene biota

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1927) ◽  
pp. 20200447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa E. Kemp ◽  
Alexis M. Mychajliw ◽  
Jenna Wadman ◽  
Amy Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Species Introductions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean

The human-mediated movement of species across biogeographic boundaries—whether intentional or accidental—is dramatically reshaping the modern world. Yet humans have been reshaping ecosystems and translocating species for millennia, and acknowledging the deeper roots of these phenomena is important for contextualizing present-day biodiversity loss, ecosystem functioning and management needs. Here, we present the first database of terrestrial vertebrate species introductions spanning the entire anthropogenic history of a system: the Caribbean. We employ this approximately 7000-year dataset to assess the roles of historical contingency and priority effects in shaping present-day community structure and conservation outcomes, finding that serial human colonization events contributed to habitat modifications and species extinctions that shaped the trajectories of subsequent species introductions by other human groups. We contextualized spatial and temporal patterns of species introductions within cultural practices and population histories of Indigenous, colonial and modern human societies, and show that the taxonomic and biogeographic diversity of introduced species reflects diversifying reasons for species introductions through time. Recognition of the complex social and economic structures across the 7000-year human history of the Caribbean provides the necessary context for interpreting the formation of an Anthropocene biota.

scholarly journals SEVEN NEW AMPHIPODS (CRUSTACEA: PERACARIDA: GAMMARIDEA) FROM THE CARIBBEAN COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Ortiz ◽  
Rafael Lemaltre
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Caribbean Coast ◽  
Gammaridean Amphipod ◽  
The Caribbean

A study of gammaridean amphipod samples obtained from coral reefs and estuarine environments south of Cartagena, Colombia, revealed the existence of seven undescribed species. These are described and illustrated in detail under the names: Ampithoe hirsutimanus, Batea schotti, Caribboecetes justi, Cerapus thomasi, Lembos scolosternum, Nasageneia comisariensis, and Seba robusta.

scholarly journals Unravelling the moons: review of the genera Paratetilla and Cinachyrella in the Indo-Pacific (Demospongiae, Tetractinellida, Tetillidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 791 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Nadiezhda Santodomingo ◽  
Leontine E. Becking
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
Marine Lakes ◽  
History Of

Paratetillabacca (Selenka, 1867) and Cinachyrellaaustraliensis (Carter, 1886) occur in a broad range of marine environments and are allegedly widely distributed species in the Indo-Pacific. We coin the term ‘moon sponges’ for these species as they are spherical in shape with numerous porocalices resembling the lunar surface. Both species have a complex taxonomic history with high synonymization, in particular by Burton (1934, 1959). An examination of the junior synonyms proposed by Burton (1934, 1959) was conducted to establish the validity of the names. More than 230 specimens from Naturalis Biodiversity Center were reviewed that belong to the genera Paratetilla and Cinachyrella from marine lakes, coral reefs, and mangroves in Indonesia. The aim of the current study was to untangle the taxonomic history, describe the collection of moon sponges from Indonesia, and develop a key. We extensively reviewed the taxonomic literature as well as holotypes of most of the species synonymized by Burton. The taxonomic history of Paratetilla spp. and Cinachyrellaaustraliensis showed some cases of misinterpreted synonyms, misidentifications, and lack of detailed descriptions for some species. The conclusion of the revision is that there are three valid species of Paratetilla (P.arcifera, P.bacca, and P.corrugata) and four valid species of Cinachyrella (C.australiensis, C.porosa, C.paterifera, and C.schulzei) in Indonesia. This is furthermore corroborated by molecular work from previous studies. ParatetillaarciferaWilson 1925 and C.porosa (Lendenfeld, 1888) are resurrected. A full review of taxonomic history is provided as well as a key for identification of moon sponges from Indonesia. All species are sympatric and we expect that there are undescribed species remaining within the Tetillidae from the Indo-Pacific. Our current review provides the framework from which to describe new species in the genera Paratetilla and Cinachyrella from the Indo-Pacific.

scholarly journals 7,000 years of turnover: historical contingency and human niche construction shape the Caribbean’s Anthropocene biota

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa E. Kemp ◽  
Alexis M. Mychajliw ◽  
Jenna Wadman ◽  
Amy Goldberg
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Historical Contingency ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Species Introductions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Caribbean

AbstractThe human-mediated movement of species across biogeographic boundaries—whether intentional or accidental—is dramatically reshaping the modern world. Yet, humans have been reshaping ecosystems and translocating species for millennia, and acknowledging the deeper roots of these phenomena is important for contextualizing present-day biodiversity loss, ecosystem functioning, and management needs. Here, we present the first database of terrestrial vertebrate species introductions spanning the entire anthropogenic history of a system: the Caribbean. We employ this ~7,000 year dataset to assess the roles of historical contingency and priority effects in shaping present-day community structure and conservation outcomes, finding that serial human colonization events contributed to habitat modifications and species extinctions that shaped the trajectories of subsequent species introductions by other human groups. We contextualized spatial and temporal patterns of species introductions within cultural practices and population histories of Indigenous, colonial, and modern human societies, and show that the taxonomic and biogeographic diversity of introduced species reflects diversifying reasons for species introductions through time. Recognition of the complex social and economic structures across the 7,000-year human history of the Caribbean provides the necessary context for interpreting the formation of an Anthropocene biota.

scholarly journals Unravelling the moons: review of the genera Paratetilla and Cinachyrella in the Indo-Pacific (Demospongiae, Tetractinellida, Tetillidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 791 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Nadiezhda Santodomingo ◽  
Leontine E. Becking
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
Marine Lakes ◽  
History Of

Paratetillabacca (Selenka, 1867) and Cinachyrellaaustraliensis (Carter, 1886) occur in a broad range of marine environments and are allegedly widely distributed species in the Indo-Pacific. We coin the term ‘moon sponges’ for these species as they are spherical in shape with numerous porocalices resembling the lunar surface. Both species have a complex taxonomic history with high synonymization, in particular by Burton (1934, 1959). An examination of the junior synonyms proposed by Burton (1934, 1959) was conducted to establish the validity of the names. More than 230 specimens from Naturalis Biodiversity Center were reviewed that belong to the genera Paratetilla and Cinachyrella from marine lakes, coral reefs, and mangroves in Indonesia. The aim of the current study was to untangle the taxonomic history, describe the collection of moon sponges from Indonesia, and develop a key. We extensively reviewed the taxonomic literature as well as holotypes of most of the species synonymized by Burton. The taxonomic history of Paratetilla spp. and Cinachyrellaaustraliensis showed some cases of misinterpreted synonyms, misidentifications, and lack of detailed descriptions for some species. The conclusion of the revision is that there are three valid species of Paratetilla (P.arcifera, P.bacca, and P.corrugata) and four valid species of Cinachyrella (C.australiensis, C.porosa, C.paterifera, and C.schulzei) in Indonesia. This is furthermore corroborated by molecular work from previous studies. ParatetillaarciferaWilson 1925 and C.porosa (Lendenfeld, 1888) are resurrected. A full review of taxonomic history is provided as well as a key for identification of moon sponges from Indonesia. All species are sympatric and we expect that there are undescribed species remaining within the Tetillidae from the Indo-Pacific. Our current review provides the framework from which to describe new species in the genera Paratetilla and Cinachyrella from the Indo-Pacific.

History of Research in Mammalian Sexual Behavior

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 545-546
Author(s):  
Rae Silver
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of

Review of early developmental stages of trilobites and agnostids from the Barrandian area (Czech Republic)

2017 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Lukáš Laibl ◽  
Oldřich Fatka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Early Developmental Stages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Barrandian Area ◽  
Early Developmental

This contribution briefly summarizes the history of research, modes of preservation and stratigraphic distribution of 51 trilobite and five agnostid taxa from the Barrandian area, for which the early developmental stages have been described.

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