scholarly journals Effect of Hydrographic Variability on the Distribution of Microbial Communities in Taiwan Strait in Winter

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwo-Ching Gong ◽  
Hsin-Ming Yeh ◽  
Yu-Kai Chen ◽  
Chih-hao Hsieh ◽  
Pei-Chi Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Microbial Food Web ◽  
Chl A ◽  
The Taiwan Strait ◽  
Winter Water Temperature

This study investigated the spatial variation in the components of a microbial food web (viruses, picoplankton, nanoflagellates, and ciliates) in different hydrographic environments in the Taiwan Strait during winter. Water temperature and salinity varied spatially, with lower temperatures (15.3–22.8 °C) and salinities (32.2–33.4 psu) in the northern part of the Taiwan Strait, largely affected by runoff from the coast of China. Concentrations of nutrients and Chl a were significantly higher in the northern part than that in the southern part of the study area. Synechococcus spp., nanoflagellate, and ciliate abundance also varied significantly, with the northern strait having higher abundances of these communities. In contrast, a higher abundance of bacteria was found in the southern part of the Taiwan Strait. The results of this study, which describes two different ecosystems in the Taiwan Strait, suggest that during winter, a “viral loop” might play an important role in controlling bacterial production in the southern part of the Taiwan Strait, while nanofalgellate grazing of picophytoplankton may contribute mainly to the flux of energy in the northern part.

Diplosoma gumavirens (Ascidiacea, Didemnidae): the first record of photosymbiotic ascidians in the Taiwan Strait

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euichi Hirose ◽  
Mamiko Hirose ◽  
Jhy-Yun Shy
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
First Record ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Coastal Current ◽  
China Coastal Current ◽  
The Taiwan Strait ◽  
Penghu Islands

Diplosoma gumavirensspecimens were collected from the Penghu Islands, Taiwan. This is the first record of photosymbiotic ascidians in the Taiwan Strait, where the minimum water temperature in the winter is <16°C because of intrusion of the China Coastal Current.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Spatial Variation of Pelagic Microbial Food Web Structure in a Semi-Enclosed Temperate Bay

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Li ◽  
Xue Chen ◽  
Michel Denis ◽  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
Lingfeng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Microbial Food Web ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure

scholarly journals Temporal variability of the microbial food web (viruses to ciliates) under the influence of the Black Sea Water inflow (N. Aegean, E. Mediterranean)

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 769 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. GIANNAKOUROU ◽  
A. TSIOLA ◽  
M. KANELLOPOULOU ◽  
I. MAGIOPOULOS ◽  
I. SIOKOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Microbial Food Web ◽  
The Black Sea

Τhe entire pelagic microbial food web was studied during the winter-spring period in the frontal area of the North Aegean Sea. Abundance of viruses, heterotrophic bacteria, cyanobacteria, auto- and hetero-trophic flagellates, and ciliates, as well as bacterial production, were measured at three stations (MD1, MD2, MD3) situated along a N-S transect between the area directly influenced by the inflowing Black Sea water and the area covered by the Levantine water. Samples were collected in December 2009, and January, March, April, and May 2011. Station MD1 exhibited the highest values of abundance and integrated biomass of all microbial groups and bacterial production during all months, and MD3 the lowest. Bacteria dominated the total integrated biomass at all stations and months, followed by cyanobacteria, auto-, hetero-trophic flagellates and ciliates. On a temporal scale, the microbial food web was less important in March as all microbial parameters at all stations showed the lowest values. After the phytoplankton bloom in March, the heterotrophic part of the microbial food web (mainly) strongly increased, though the intensity of the phenomenon was diminished from North to South. Pico-sized plankton was found to be heterotrophic whereas nanoplankton was autotrophic. It seems that the influence of the Black Sea water on station MD1, permanent throughout the study period of early winter to late spring, was reflected in all microbial populations studied, and produced a more productive pelagic food web system, with potential consequences for the upper trophic levels.

scholarly journals Microbial food web dynamics during spring phytoplankton blooms in the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen area (Southern Ocean)

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 6985-7028 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Christaki ◽  
D. Lefèvre ◽  
C. Georges ◽  
J. Colombet ◽  
P. Catala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Microbial Food Web ◽  
Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates ◽  
Bacterial Respiration ◽  
Viral Production ◽  
Phytoplankton Blooms ◽  
Food Web Dynamics ◽  
Heterotrophic Production

Abstract. Microbial food web dynamics were determined during the onset of several spring phytoplankton blooms induced by natural iron fertilization off Kerguelen Island in the Southern Ocean (KEOPS2). The abundances of heterotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic nanoflagellates, bacterial heterotrophic production, bacterial respiration, and bacterial growth efficiency, were consistently higher in surface waters of the iron-fertilized sites than at the reference site in HNLC (high nutrient low chlorophyll) waters. The abundance of viral like particles remained unchanged, but viral production increased by a factor of 6 in iron-fertilized waters. Bacterial heterotrophic production was significantly related to heterotrophic nanoflagellate abundance and viral production across all sites, with bacterial production explaining about 70 and 85%, respectively, of the variance of each in the mixed layer (ML). Estimated rates of grazing and viral lysis, however, indicated that heterotrophic nanoflagellates accounted for a substantially higher loss of bacterial production (50%) than viruses (11%). Combining these results with rates of primary production and export determined for the study area, a budget for the flow of carbon through the microbial food web and higher levels during the early (KEOPS2) and the late phase (KEOPS1) of the Kerguelen bloom is provided.

scholarly journals Microbial food web dynamics during spring phytoplankton blooms in the naturally iron-fertilized Kerguelen area (Southern Ocean)

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6739-6753 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Christaki ◽  
D. Lefèvre ◽  
C. Georges ◽  
J. Colombet ◽  
P. Catala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Microbial Food Web ◽  
Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates ◽  
Viral Production ◽  
Phytoplankton Blooms ◽  
Food Web Dynamics ◽  
Heterotrophic Production

Abstract. Microbial food web dynamics were determined during the onset of several spring phytoplankton blooms induced by natural iron fertilization off Kerguelen Island in the Southern Ocean (KEOPS2). The abundances of heterotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic nanoflagellates, bacterial heterotrophic production, bacterial respiration, and bacterial growth efficiency, were consistently higher in surface waters of the iron-fertilized sites than at the reference site in HNLC (high nutrient low chlorophyll) waters. The abundance of virus-like particles remained unchanged, but viral production increased by a factor of 6 in iron-fertilized waters. Bacterial heterotrophic production was significantly related to heterotrophic nanoflagellate abundance and viral production across all sites, with bacterial production explaining about 70 and 85%, respectively, of the variance of each in the mixed layer (ML). Estimated rates of grazing and viral lysis, however, indicated that heterotrophic nanoflagellates accounted for a substantially higher loss of bacterial production (50%) than viruses (11%). Combining these results with rates of primary production and export determined for the study area, a budget for the flow of carbon through the microbial food web and higher trophic levels during the early (KEOPS2) and the late phase (KEOPS1) of the Kerguelen bloom is provided.

scholarly journals Association of Environmental Factors in the Taiwan Strait with Distributions and Habitat Characteristics of Three Swimming Crabs

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Naimullah ◽  
Kuo-Wei Lan ◽  
Cheng-Hsin Liao ◽  
Po-Yuan Hsiao ◽  
Yen-Rong Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Swimming Crab ◽  
Crab Species ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Catch Rates ◽  
The Taiwan Strait ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
High Catch ◽  
Swimming Crabs

Information regarding the oceanic environment is crucial for determining species distributions and their habitat preferences. However, in studies on crustaceans, especially swimming crabs, such information remains poorly utilized, and its effects on crab communities in the Taiwan Strait (TS) has not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between the catch rates of three swimming crab species and environmental factors in the TS. We fitted generalized additive models (GAMs) to logbooks and voyage data recorder data from Taiwanese crab vessels (2011–2015), developed a species distribution model, and predicted catch rates for these three swimming crab species based on the GAM output. The chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration was related to the high catch rates of Chrybdis feriatus and Portunus sanguinolentus, whereas bottom temperature (BT) was related to high catch rates of Portunus pelagicus. The variance percentages for each crab species indicated that high catch rates of C. feriatus and P. sanguinolentus occurred in a Chl-a concentration > 0.5 mg/m3, whereas P. pelagicus catch rates exhibited negative correlations with BTs > 25 °C. The model predicted high catch rates of C. feriatus in the north of the TS during autumn and winter, whereas P. pelagicus was observed to the south during summer and autumn. P. sanguinolentus was predicted to be widely distributed around the TS and distributed further to the northern area during autumn and winter. These findings revealed that each species responds to spatiotemporal environmental variations. Understanding the distributions and habitats of these three crabs is vital in fisheries resource management and conservation planning.

scholarly journals Effect of Mesoscale Eddies on the Taiwan Strait Current

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1651-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Lin Chang ◽  
Yasumasa Miyazawa ◽  
Xinyu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Mesoscale Eddies ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Warm Eddy ◽  
Cold Eddy ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Taiwan Strait

AbstractThis study shows that mesoscale eddies can alter the Taiwan Strait Current. The 20-yr data-assimilated Japan Coastal Ocean Predictability Experiment 2 (JCOPE2) reanalysis data are analyzed, and the results are confirmed with idealized experiments. The leading wind-forced seasonal cycle is excluded to focus on the effect of the eddy. The warm eddy southwest of Taiwan is shown to generate a northward flow, whereas the cold eddy produces a southward current. The effect of the eddy penetrates onto the shelf through the joint effect of baroclinicity and relief (JEBAR). The cross-isobath fluxes lead to shelfward convergence and divergence, setting up the modulation of the sea level slope. The resulting along-strait current anomaly eventually affects a wide area of the Taiwan Strait. The stronger eddy leads to larger modification of the cross-shelf flows and sea level slope, producing a greater transport anomaly. The composite Sea-Viewing Wide Field-of-View Sensor chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) serves as an indicator to show the change in Chl-a concentration in the strait in response to the eddy-induced current. During the warm eddy period, the current carries the southern water of lower concentration northward, reducing Chl-a concentration in the strait. In contrast, Chl-a is enhanced because the cold eddy–induced southward current carries the northern water of higher concentration southward into the strait.

Bacterial production and microbial food web structure in a large arctic river and the coastal Arctic Ocean

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 756-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Vallières ◽  
Leira Retamal ◽  
Patricia Ramlal ◽  
Christopher L. Osburn ◽  
Warwick F. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Bacterial Production ◽  
Microbial Food Web ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure

scholarly journals MODIS observed phytoplankton dynamics in the Taiwan Strait: an absorption-based analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 7795-7819 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shang ◽  
Q. Dong ◽  
Z. Lee ◽  
Y. Li ◽  
Y. Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Taiwan Strait ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Phytoplankton Dynamics ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
The Taiwan Strait

Abstract. This study uses MODIS observed phytoplankton absorption coefficient (aph) as a preferable index of pigmentation to characterize phytoplankton variability in optically complex waters. We chose a quasi-analytical bio-optical inversion algorithm (QAA) to derive aph from remote sensing reflectance (Rrs, both in situ and MODIS measured) and then evaluated the Rrs derived aph by comparing them with match-up in situ measured aph collected in both oceanic and very nearshore waters in the Taiwan Strait (TWS). For the data with matching spatial and temporal window, it is found that the average percentage error (ε) between MODIS Rrs derived aph at 443 nm (aph(443), abbreviated as Aph) and field measured Aph is 33.8% (N = 30, Aph ranges from 0.012–0.537 m−1), with a root mean square error in log scale (RMSE) of 0.226. By comparison, ε is 28.0% (N = 88, RMSE = 0.150) between ship-borne Rrs derived Aph and field measured Aph. Values of ε as large as 135.6% (N = 30, RMSE = 0.383) are found between MODIS Rrs derived chlorophyll-a (chl-a, OC3M algorithm) and field measured chl-a. Based on these evaluation results, we applied QAA to MODIS Rrs data between 2003–2009 to derive climatological monthly mean Aph for the TWS. Three distinct features of phytoplankton dynamics are identified. First, Aph is low and the least variable in the Penghu Channel, where the South China Sea water enters the TWS. This region maintains slightly higher values in winter (~17% higher than that in the other seasons) due to surface nutrient entrainment under winter wind-driven vertical mixing. Second, Aph is high and the most variable in the mainland nearshore water, with values peaking in summer (June–August) when river plumes and coastal upwelling enhance surface nutrient loads. Interannual variation of bloom intensity in Hanjiang River estuary in June is highly correlated with alongshore wind stress anomalies, as observed by QuikSCAT. The year of minimum and maximum bloom intensity is in the midst of an El Nino and a La Nina event, respectively. Third, a high Aph patch appears between April and September in the middle of the Southern TWS, corresponding to high thermal frontal probabilities, as observed by MODIS. Our results support the use of satellite observed Aph for time series analyses of phytoplankton dynamics in coastal ocean regions, where satellite chl-a retrievals can suffer from artifacts associated with non-biotic optically active materials.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document