scholarly journals Ontogenetic Habitat Usage of Juvenile Carnivorous Fish Among Seagrass-Coral Mosaic Habitats

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Lu Lee ◽  
Colin K.C. Wen ◽  
Yen-Hsun Huang ◽  
Chia-Yun Chung ◽  
Hsing-Juh Lin
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Usage Pattern ◽  
Habitat Usage ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Mosaic Habitats

Seagrass beds and coral reefs are both considered critical habitats for reef fishes, and in tropical coastal regions, they often grow together to form “mosaic” habitats. Although reef fishes clearly inhabit such structurally complex environments, there is little known about their habitat usage in seagrass-coral mosaic habitats. The goal of this study was to examine potential factors that drive habitat usage pattern by juvenile reef fishes. We quantified (1) prey availability, (2) potential competitors, and 3) predators across a gradient of mosaic habitats (n = 4 habitat types) for four dominant carnivorous fishes (lethrinids and lutjanids) in the main recruitment season at Dongsha Island, South China Sea. We found that the coral-dominated habitats had not only a higher availability of large crustacean prey but also a higher abundance of competitors and predators of juvenile fishes. Food availability was the most important factor underlying the habitat usage pattern by lethrinids and lutjanids through ontogeny. The predation pressure exhibited a strong impact on small juvenile lethrinids but not on larger juveniles and lutjanids. The four juvenile fishes showed distinct habitat usage patterns through ontogeny. Collectively, mosaic habitats in the back reef system may be linked to key ontogenetic shifts in the early life histories of reef fishes between seagrass beds and coral reefs.

scholarly journals Reef-associated fishes from the offshore reefs of western Campeche Bank, Mexico, with a discussion of mangroves and seagrass beds as nursery habitats

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 843 ◽  
pp. 71-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ross Robertson ◽  
Omar Domínguez-Dominguez ◽  
Yareli Margarita López Aroyo ◽  
Rigoberto Moreno Mendoza ◽  
Nuno Simões
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Nursery Habitats ◽  
Caribbean Area ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Annotated Checklist

A series of small emergent coral reefs and shallow, submerged coralliferous banks are scattered along the western edge of Campeche Bank (southwest Gulf of Mexico), 150–200 km offshore from the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. Here a reasonably comprehensive, annotated checklist of reef-associated fishes for one reef, Cayo Arcas (expanded from 162 to 209 species) is presented, with preliminary checklists of such fishes from three other emergent reefs (Cayo Arenas, Triángulo Oeste, Triángulo Este) and four submerged bank reefs (Banco Obispo Norte, Banco Obispo Sur, Banco Nuevo and Banco Pera). During 2017–18 a total of 260 species was observed or collected from those reefs, and previous studies and georeferenced museum records in the global aggregator Fishnet2 added another 101 shallow-living species recorded on or adjacent to those reefs. Some coral-reef fishes are thought to be strongly dependent on seagrass and mangrove areas as nursery habitats for maintenance of their local populations on reefs near to those habitats. The abundance of a number of such “nursery” species on these Campeche reefs indicates otherwise, as there are no seagrass- or mangrove habitats for reef fishes within ~ 150 km of the study reefs. Other isolated Caribbean-area reefs that lack mangroves and, in some cases, seagrasses, also support many such nursery species of reef-fishes.

Pemetaan Pulau Kecil Gelasa Kabupaten Bangka Tengah

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Wahyu Adi
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Cover Density

Pulau Kecil Gelasa merupakan daerah yang belum banyak diteliti. Pemetaan ekosistem di pulau kecil dilakukan dengan bantuan citra Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS). Penelitian terdahulu diketahui bahwa ALOS memiliki kemampuan memetakan terumbu karang dan padang lamun di perairan dangkal serta mampu memetakan kerapatan penutupan vegetasi. Metode interpretasi citra menggunakan alogaritma indeks vegetasi pada citra ALOS yaitu NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), serta pendekatan Lyzengga untuk mengkoreksi kolom perairan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan luasan Padang Lamun di perairan dangkal 41,99 Ha, luasan Terumbu Karang 125,57 Ha. Hasil NDVI di daratan/ pulau kecil Gelasa untuk Vegetasi Rapat seluas 47,62 Ha; luasan penutupan Vegetasi Sedang 105,86 Ha; dan penutupan Vegetasi Jarang adalah 34,24 Ha.   Small Island Gelasa rarely studied. Mapping ecosystems on small islands with the image of Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS). Previous research has found that ALOS has the ability to map coral reefs and seagrass beds in shallow water, and is able to map vegetation cover density. The method of image interpretation uses the vegetation index algorithm in the ALOS image, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), and the Lyzengga approach to correct the water column. The results of the study were obtained in the area of Seagrass Padang in the shallow waters of 41.99 ha, the area of coral reefs was 125.57 ha. NDVI results on land / small islands Gelasa for dense vegetation of 47.62 ha; area of Medium Vegetation coverage 105.86 Ha; and the coverage of Rare Vegetation is 34.24 Ha.

scholarly journals Applying the ecosystem services - EBM framework to sustainably manage Qatar's coral reefs and seagrass beds

2021 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 105566
Author(s):  
Lucia M. Fanning ◽  
Mera Nasser Al-Naimi ◽  
Pedro Range ◽  
Abdel-Samad M. Ali ◽  
Jessica Bouwmeester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Seagrass Beds

scholarly journals Hubungan Rugositas Terumbu Karang terhadap Struktur Komunitas Ikan Corallivor dan Herbivor di Perairan Pemuteran, Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Nidzar Muhammad Rafly ◽  
I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang ◽  
Widiastuti Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Herbivorous Fish ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Herbivorous Fishes ◽  
The North ◽  
Fish Feeds ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Reef fishes are the highest number of organisms that can be found in coral reefs in which the abundance depends on the healthy of this ecosystem. Reef fishes are mainly consisted of corallivorous and herbivorous fish. Corralivorous fish feeds on coral polyps while herbivorous fish feeds on algae. Therefore these fishes are an important indicators in the resilience of coral reefs. Studies showed that its abundance is strongly correlated with reef’s conture (rugosity). Pemuteran waters is one of developing tourists attraction in the north Bali island. However, the data of reef fishes and coral reefs in Pemuteran waters remain limited. Therefore, this research aimed to study the reef` condition and rugosity in Pemuteran waters, also to examine the correlation between reefs fishes and reefs rugosity in this area. There were four stations according to purposive sampling method. Data of corallivorous and herbivorous fishes were collected by using the underwater visual census with a 40 m2 transect. Reef rugosity index were determined by using chain transect method. Results showed that reef rugosity in Pemuteran waters was in the medium to high category. Reef rugosity has strong correlation with the total abundance and diversity of corallivorous fishes. However, reef rugosity was only strong correlated with the total abundance but not with the diversity of herbivorous fishes.

scholarly journals Coral species composition drives key ecosystem function on coral reefs

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1921) ◽  
pp. 20192214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura E. Richardson ◽  
Nicholas A. J. Graham ◽  
Andrew S. Hoey
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Algal Turf ◽  
Benthic Assemblages ◽  
Ecosystem Recovery ◽  
Visual Occlusion

Rapid and unprecedented ecological change threatens the functioning and stability of ecosystems. On coral reefs, global climate change and local stressors are reducing and reorganizing habitat-forming corals and associated species, with largely unknown implications for critical ecosystem functions such as herbivory. Herbivory mediates coral–algal competition, thereby facilitating ecosystem recovery following disturbance such as coral bleaching events or large storms. However, relationships between coral species composition, the distribution of herbivorous fishes and the delivery of their functional impact are not well understood. Here, we investigate how herbivorous fish assemblages and delivery of two distinct herbivory processes, grazing and browsing, differ among three taxonomically distinct, replicated coral habitats. While grazing on algal turf assemblages was insensitive to different coral configurations, browsing on the macroalga Laurencia cf. obtusa varied considerably among habitats, suggesting that different mechanisms may shape these processes. Variation in browsing among habitats was best predicted by the composition and structural complexity of benthic assemblages (in particular the cover and composition of corals, but not macroalgal cover), and was poorly reflected by visual estimates of browser biomass. Surprisingly, the lowest browsing rates were recorded in the most structurally complex habitat, with the greatest cover of coral (branching Porites habitat). While the mechanism for the variation in browsing is not clear, it may be related to scale-dependent effects of habitat structure on visual occlusion inhibiting foraging activity by browsing fishes, or the relative availability of alternate dietary resources. Our results suggest that maintained functionality may vary among distinct and emerging coral reef configurations due to ecological interactions between reef fishes and their environment determining habitat selection.

scholarly journals The evolution of traits and functions in herbivorous coral reef fishes through space and time

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1897) ◽  
pp. 20182672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre C. Siqueira ◽  
David R. Bellwood ◽  
Peter F. Cowman
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Ecological Framework ◽  
Functional Composition ◽  
Ecological Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Trait Space

Herbivory by fishes has been identified as a key ecological process shaping coral reefs through time. Although taxonomically limited, herbivorous reef fishes display a wide range of traits, which results in varied ecosystem functions on reefs around the world. Yet, we understand little about how these trait combinations and functions in ecosystems changed through time and across biogeographic realms. Here, we used fossils and phylogenies in a functional ecological framework to reveal temporal changes in nominally herbivorous fish assemblages among oceanic basins in both trait space and lineage richness among functions. We show that the trait space occupied by extant herbivorous fishes in the Indo-Pacific resulted from an expansion of traits from the ancestral Tethyan assemblages. By contrast, trait space in the Atlantic is the result of lineage turnover, with relatively recent colonization by lineages that arose in the east Tethys/Indo-Pacific. From an ecosystem function perspective, the Atlantic supports a depauperate fauna, with few extant herbivorous reef fish lineages performing each function. Indo-Pacific fishes support both more functions and more lineages within each function, with a marked Miocene to Pleistocene expansion. These disparities highlight the importance of history in explaining global variation in fish functional composition on coral reefs.

6. Reef fish and other major predators

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Reef Communities

Healthy reefs provide a habitat for an immense number of fish that come in a variety of shapes, sizes, and colours. No other natural habitat in the ocean shows this diversity and abundance. About a quarter of all marine species may be found on coral reefs even though this habitat occupies only one or two per cent of the area of the earth. ‘Reef fish and other major predators’ describes the diverse feeding ecology of reef fishes; coral reef predators such as the colourful crown of thorns starfish, Acanthaster plancii; symbiotic relationships between different species of fish or with different invertebrates; and the dangers of overfishing in reef communities.

Factors determining nematode distributions at Cape Hallett and Gondwana station, Antarctica

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélianie R. Raymond ◽  
David A. Wharton ◽  
Craig J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Prey Availability ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Salinity Range ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Dry Valleys ◽  
Soil Geochemistry ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Low Salinity

AbstractThe distribution of nematodes at Cape Hallett and Gondwana station was found to be patchy but consistent, broad-scale habitat preferences were identified. These had been previously noted in McMurdo Dry Valleys soils and on Ross Island, indicating that habitat preferences are consistent across large scales and may play a role in determining range limits. Soil geochemistry, especially salinity, has a strong impact on distribution patterns. The distinct distribution patterns of the four species indicate different niches.Panagrolaimus davidiTimm is the only nematode that can survive within penguin rookeries, where salinity is high but bacterial food is plentiful.Scottnema lindsayaeTimm was found across the greatest range of habitats, including the driest sites and largest salinity range.Plectussp. was found in the wettest sites, with high organic content and low salinity.Eudorylaimus antarcticusSteiner (Yeates) was found at low densities and with other nematodes indicating a dependence on prey availability, an example of a biotic interaction structuring even these simplest ecosystems. Field-identifiable features could be used to identify probable nematode habitats, providing useful information for sampling and the selection of conservation areas.

scholarly journals Dependence of Caribbean reef fishes on mangroves and seagrass beds as nursery habitats: a comparison of fish faunas between bays with and without mangroves/seagrass beds

2001 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 225-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Nagelkerken ◽  
S Kleijnen ◽  
T Klop ◽  
RACJ van den Brand ◽  
EC de la Morinière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Seagrass Beds ◽  
Caribbean Reef ◽  
Nursery Habitats
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