scholarly journals Distributional Patterns and Ecological Determinants of Bat Occurrence Inside Caves: A Broad Scale Meta-Analysis

Diversity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernani de Oliveira ◽  
Monik Oprea ◽  
Raphael Dias
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Broad Scale

scholarly journals Temperature and Prey Species Richness Drive the Broad-Scale Distribution of a Generalist Predator

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Danai-Eleni Michailidou ◽  
Maria Lazarina ◽  
Stefanos P. Sgardelis
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Prey Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Generalist Predator ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
The Future ◽  
Grass Snake ◽  
Broad Scale

The ongoing climate change and the unprecedented rate of biodiversity loss render the need to accurately project future species distributional patterns more critical than ever. Mounting evidence suggests that not only abiotic factors, but also biotic interactions drive broad-scale distributional patterns. Here, we explored the effect of predator-prey interaction on the predator distribution, using as target species the widespread and generalist grass snake (Natrix natrix). We used ensemble Species Distribution Modeling (SDM) to build a model only with abiotic variables (abiotic model) and a biotic one including prey species richness. Then we projected the future grass snake distribution using a modest emission scenario assuming an unhindered and no dispersal scenario. The two models performed equally well, with temperature and prey species richness emerging as the top drivers of species distribution in the abiotic and biotic models, respectively. In the future, a severe range contraction is anticipated in the case of no dispersal, a likely possibility as reptiles are poor dispersers. If the species can disperse freely, an improbable scenario due to habitat loss and fragmentation, it will lose part of its contemporary distribution, but it will expand northwards.

scholarly journals Role of Meta-analysis in Interpreting the Scientific Literature

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Jennions ◽  
Christopher J. Lortie ◽  
Julia Koricheva
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
P Values ◽  
Single Study ◽  
Broad Scale

This chapter begins with a brief review of why effect sizes and their variances are more informative than P-values. It then discusses how meta-analysis promotes “effective thinking” that can change approaches to several commonplace problems. Specifically, it addresses the issues of (1) exemplar studies versus average trends, (2) resolving “conflict” between specific studies, (3) presenting results, (4) deciding on the level at which to replicate studies, (5) understanding the constraints imposed by low statistical power, and (6) asking broad-scale questions that cannot be resolved in a single study. The chapter focuses on estimating effect sizes as a key outcome of meta-analysis, but acknowledges that other outcomes might be of more interest in other situations.

scholarly journals How important is thermal history? Evidence for lasting effects of developmental temperature on upper thermal limits in Drosophila melanogaster

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1855) ◽  
pp. 20170447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Kellermann ◽  
Belinda van Heerwaarden ◽  
Carla M. Sgrò
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Thermal History ◽  
Thermal Biology ◽  
Climate Change Risk ◽  
Thermal Limits ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
History Of ◽  
Broad Scale

A common practice in thermal biology is to take individuals directly from the field and estimate a range of thermal traits. These estimates are then used in studies aiming to understand broad scale distributional patterns, understanding and predicting the evolution of phenotypic plasticity, and generating predictions for climate change risk. However, the use of field-caught individuals in such studies ignores the fact that many traits are phenotypically plastic and will be influenced by the thermal history of the focal individuals. The current study aims to determine the extent to which estimates of upper thermal limits (CTmax), a frequently used measure for climate change risk, are sensitive to developmental and adult acclimation temperatures and whether these two forms of plasticity are reversible. Examining a temperate and tropical population of Drosophila melanogaster we show that developmental acclimation has a larger and more lasting effect on CTmax than adult acclimation. We also find evidence for an interaction between developmental and adult acclimation, particularly when flies are acclimated for a longer period, and that these effects can be population specific. These results suggest that thermal history can have lasting effects on estimates of CTmax. In addition, we provide evidence that developmental and/or adult acclimation are unlikely to contribute to substantial shifts in CTmax and that acclimation capacity may be constrained at higher temperatures.

The effects of low-ratio n-6/n-3 PUFA on biomarkers of inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yali Wei ◽  
Yan Meng ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Liyong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Long Chain

The purpose of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if low-ratio n-6/n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation affects serum inflammation markers based on current studies.

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