scholarly journals Design of a Society of Automotive Engineers Regular Curved Retroreflector for Enhancing Optical Efficiency and Working Area

Crystals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanh-Thanh Le ◽  
Hien-Thanh Le ◽  
Jetter Lee ◽  
Hsin-Yi Ma ◽  
Hsiao-Yi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
The Us

A highly efficient regular curved retroreflector is proposed to meet the requirements of the US Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) regulations. It is demonstrated that 28% higher retroreflection efficiency and 33% more working area can be accomplished with the new designed retroreflector when compared with the commercial ones used in modern vehicles.

Design of a Highly-Efficient Light Guide Plate for the Edge Lighting Backlight Module

2007 ◽  
Vol 364-366 ◽  
pp. 128-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C.P. Chao ◽  
Lun De Liao ◽  
Chi Wei Chiu ◽  
Chien Yu Shen
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Light Guide ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Light Guide Plate ◽  
Guide Plate ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Optical Films

This study develops a highly-efficient light-guide plate for edge lighting backlight module that has no optical films. The light guide plate is designed to control the angle of the incident rays to the top surface from light source, to get the highest uniformity of intensity for thin edge lighting backlight system applications. The micro-prisms of pyramidal shape on the top surface can highly-efficient collimate with the light rays. Another micro-prism of v-cut shape on the bottom surface can reflect the incident light into the front direction and mixing the rays in the lightguide plate with the high uniformity. A novel design concept of the v-cut is the regular density varies of the cut in the LGP. The modeling simulation program, employing a Monte Carlo method based on TracePro software, has optimized the shape of the pyramidal micro-prisms on the top surface and the density distribution condition of the v-cut micro-prisms on the bottom surface, also the multiple scattering characteristics. The two types of the micro-prisms at the top and bottom surface can be highly recommended for the uniformity of the brightness via the optimal design process. Future work is warranted on improving the optical efficiency by using light-emitting diodes as a light source. The backlight module will allow us to increase the optical efficiency and to lower the total cost in portable LCD applications. The study confirms that a uniformity of brightness can be achieved without using any optical films, resulting in a high uniformity of 84%.

scholarly journals Gram-scale synthesis of carbon quantum dots with a large Stokes shift for the fabrication of eco-friendly and high-efficiency luminescent solar concentrators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiguang Zhao ◽  
Guiju Liu ◽  
Shujie You ◽  
Franco V. A. Camargo ◽  
Margherita Zavelani-Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Stokes Shift ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Solar Concentrators ◽  
Large Stokes Shift ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Luminescent Solar Concentrators

Highly efficient large-area luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) were demonstrated using colloidal C-dots. The large-area LSC (225 cm2) exhibited an external optical efficiency of 2.2% (under natural sun irradiation, 60 mW cm−2).

scholarly journals High duty cycle, highly efficient fiber coupled 940-nm pump module for high-energy solid-state lasers

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Platz ◽  
Bernd Eppich ◽  
Juliane Rieprich ◽  
Wolfgang Pittroff ◽  
Götz Erbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solid State Lasers ◽  
Core Diameter ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Power Pulse ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Max Born ◽  
Wall Plug Efficiency

Tailored diode laser single emitters with long (6 mm) resonators and wide (1.2 mm) emission apertures that operate with 940 nm emission wavelength were assembled in novel edge-cooled vertically stacked arrays, and used to construct a compact and highly efficient fiber coupled pump source for Yb:YAG pulsed high-energy class solid-state lasers. The novel configuration is shown to allow repetition rates of 200 Hz at 1 ms pulse duration, at an output power of 130 W per single emitter. The emission of two stacked arrays was then optically combined to realize pump modules that deliver 6 kW peak power (pulse energy 6 J) from a 1.9 mm core diameter fiber, with wall plug efficiency of 50%. This represents a significant improvement in terms of duty cycle and electro-optical efficiency over conventional sources. The pump module has been successfully tested at the Max Born Institute, Berlin during trials for pumping of disk lasers.

Multi-mode light microscopy of microtubule assembly dynamics and chromosome movement in vivo and In vitro

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 730-731
Author(s):  
E. D. Salmon ◽  
J. C. Waters ◽  
C. Waterman-Storer
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Transmitted Light ◽  
Microtubule Assembly ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Multiple Band ◽  
Multi Mode

We have developed a multi-mode digital imaging system which acquires images with a cooled CCD camera (Figure 1). A multiple band pass dichromatic mirror and robotically controlled filter wheels provide wavelength selection for epi-fluorescence. Shutters select illumination either by epi-fluorescence or by transmitted light for phase contrast or DIC. Many of our experiments involve investigations of spindle assembly dynamics and chromosome movements in live cells or unfixed reconstituted preparations in vitro in which photodamage and phototoxicity are major concerns. As a consequence, a major factor in the design was optical efficiency: achieving the highest image quality with the least number of illumination photons. This principle applies to both epi-fluorescence and transmitted light imaging modes. In living cells and extracts, microtubules are visualized using X-rhodamine labeled tubulin. Photoactivation of C2CF-fluorescein labeled tubulin is used to locally mark microtubules in studies of microtubule dynamics and translocation. Chromosomes are labeled with DAPI or Hoechst DNA intercalating dyes.

The Eleventh Circuit Holds that Agreements in which Pharmaceutical Companies Pay Generic Companies Not to Compete May be Valid

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Amy Garrigues
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Patent Holder ◽  
Trial Court ◽  
Court Of Appeals ◽  
The Us ◽  
Antitrust Laws ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Appeals Court ◽  
Two Sides

On September 15, 2003, the US. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit held that agreements between pharmaceutical and generic companies not to compete are not per se unlawful if these agreements do not expand the existing exclusionary right of a patent. The Valley DrugCo.v.Geneva Pharmaceuticals decision emphasizes that the nature of a patent gives the patent holder exclusive rights, and if an agreement merely confirms that exclusivity, then it is not per se unlawful. With this holding, the appeals court reversed the decision of the trial court, which held that agreements under which competitors are paid to stay out of the market are per se violations of the antitrust laws. An examination of the Valley Drugtrial and appeals court decisions sheds light on the two sides of an emerging legal debate concerning the validity of pay-not-to-compete agreements, and more broadly, on the appropriate balance between the seemingly competing interests of patent and antitrust laws.

Highly efficient and selective photocatalytic CO2 to CO conversion in aqueous solution

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (27) ◽  
pp. 3851-3854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Chai ◽  
Hai-Hua Huang ◽  
Huiping Liu ◽  
Zhuofeng Ke ◽  
Wen-Wen Yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Co Conversion

A Co-based complex displayed the highest photocatalytic performance for CO2 to CO conversion in aqueous media.

Tuning the pore structures and photocatalytic properties of a 2D covalent organic framework with multi-branched photoactive moieties

Nanoscale ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (30) ◽  
pp. 16136-16142
Author(s):  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Ming-Jie Dong ◽  
Chuan-De Wu
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Properties ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Covalent Organic Framework ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Pore Structures ◽  
Local Connection ◽  
Organic Framework

An effective strategy to incorporate accessible metalloporphyrin photoactive sites into 2D COFs by establishing a 3D local connection for highly efficient photocatalysis was developed.

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