scholarly journals Corrosion Behavior of Cr19Fe22Co21Ni25Mo13 Alloy in 1M Nitric Acid and 1M Hydrochloric Acid Solutions

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1289
Author(s):  
Chun-Huei Tsau ◽  
Po-Min Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Eutectic Structure ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Uniform Corrosion ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Simple Cubic ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid Solutions ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Fcc Structure

The present work studied the microstructures of Cr19Fe22Co21Ni25Mo13 alloy, and tested the polarization properties in deaerated 1M nitric acid and 1M hydrochloric solutions at different temperatures. The alloy was processed by an argon atmosphere arc-melting. Results indicated that the microstructure of Cr19Fe22Co21Ni25Mo13 alloy was a dendritic one. The dendrites of Cr19Fe22Co21Ni25Mo13 alloy were an FCC structure, and the interdendrites of Cr19Fe22Co21Ni25Mo13 alloy were a eutectic structure with two phases of FCC and simple cubic (SC). The Cr19Fe22Co21Ni25Mo13 alloy had better corrosion resistance compared with commercial 304 stainless steel in both deaerated 1M HNO3 and 1M HCl solutions. The corrosion types of Cr19Fe22Co21Ni25Mo13 alloy in both of 1M HNO3 and 1M HCl solutions were uniform corrosion.

scholarly journals The Effects of Mo and Nb on the Microstructures and Properties of CrFeCoNi(Nb,Mo) Alloys

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Huei Tsau ◽  
Meng-Chi Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Eutectic Structure ◽  
Close Packing ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Hexagonal Close Packing ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Simple Cubic ◽  
Corrosion Behaviors ◽  
Dendritic Microstructures ◽  
Face Centered

The effects of niobium and molybdenum additions on the microstructures, hardness and corrosion behaviors of CrFeCoNi(Nb,Mo) alloys were investigated. All of the CrFeCoNi(Nb,Mo) alloys displayed dendritic microstructures. The dendrites of CrFeCoNiNb and CrFeCoNiNb0.5Mo0.5 alloys were a hexagonal close packing (HCP) phase and the interdendrites were a eutectic structure of HCP and face-centered cubic (FCC) phases. Additionally, the dendrites of CrFeCoNiMo alloys were a simple cubic (SC) phase and the interdendrites were a eutectic structure of SC and FCC phases. The volume fraction of dendrites and interdendrites in these alloys were calculated. The influences of the volume fraction of dendrite in the alloys on the overall hardness were also discussed. The CrFeCoNiNb alloy had the larger volume fraction of dendrite and thus had the highest hardness among these alloys. The CrFeCoNi(Nb,Mo) alloys also showed better corrosion resistances in 1 M H2SO4 and 1 M NaCl solutions by comparing with commercial 304 stainless steel. The CrFeCoNiNb0.5Mo0.5 alloy possessed the best corrosion resistances in these solutions among the CrFeCoNi(Nb,Mo) alloys.

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of in-situ V-V3B2 Composites

2006 ◽  
Vol 980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujing Xie ◽  
Easo P. George
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Eutectic Structure ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Solid Solution Alloy ◽  
Directionally Solidified ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Composite Microstructure ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Microstructural Examination

AbstractA series of binary V-B alloys, with compositions spanning the eutectic, were produced by arc melting and drop casting. Microstructural examination revealed that the fully eutectic structure occurs at V-11B rather than V-15B as reported in the V-B phase diagram (all compositions in at.%). The V-11B eutectic was directionally solidified in an optical floating zone furnace, resulting in a composite microstructure consisting of a V matrix and flake or trigonal shaped V3B2 phase. The boride flake spacing (ë) decreases with increasing growth rate (R), following the relation ë2.56R=C, where C is a constant. TEM observations showed that the orientation relationship between the V and V3B2 phases is given by: [001]V // [001]V3B2 and (100)V // (100)V3B2. The growth direction and the V/V3B2 interface are parallel to the [001] direction and (100) planes in the two phases, respectively. Tensile tests were used to investigate the temperature dependence of the strength and ductility of the composite. At temperatures to 600°C, the yield strength of the eutectic is about 140 MPa higher than that of a commonly used vanadium solid-solution alloy, V-4Cr-4Ti. Surprisingly, the eutectic shows 5% tensile ductility at room temperature which increases to 10% as the test temperature is raised to 800°C.

scholarly journals Chemical sanitizers to control biofilms formed by two Pseudomonas species on stainless steel surface

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danila Soares Caixeta ◽  
Thiago Henrique Scarpa ◽  
Danilo Florisvaldo Brugnera ◽  
Dieyckson Osvani Freire ◽  
Eduardo Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate ◽  
Different Temperatures

The biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens on AISI 304 stainless steel in the presence of reconstituted skim milk under different temperatures was conducted, and the potential of three chemical sanitizers in removing the mono-species biofilms formed was compared. Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultivated in skim milk at 28 °C presented better growth rate (10.4 log CFU.mL-1) when compared with 3.7 and 4.2 log CFU.mL-1 for P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens cultivated at 7 °C, respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa formed biofilm when cultivated at 28 °C. However, only the adhesion of P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens was observed when incubated at 7 °C. The sodium dichloroisocyanurate was the most efficient sanitizer in the reduction of the adhered P. aeruginosa cells at 7 and 28 °C and those on the biofilm, respectively. The hydrogen peroxide was more effective in the reduction of adhered cells of P. fluorescens at 7 °C.

CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE/TI6AL4V COMPOSITE POWDER UNDER VARIOUS SINTERING TEMPERATURE

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Arifin ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad ◽  
Junaidi Syarif
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Powder ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Work Interaction

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used in biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility. However, Hydroxyapatite possesses poor mechanical properties and only tolerate limited loads for implants. Titanium is well-known materials applied in implant that has advantage in mechanical properties but poor in biocompatibility. The combination of the Titanium alloy and HA is expected to produce bio-implants with good in term of mechanical properties and biocompatabilty. In this work, interaction and mechanical properties of HA/Ti6Al4V was analyzed. The physical and mechanical properties of HA/Ti6Al4V composite powder obtained from compaction (powder metallurgy) of 60 wt.% Ti6Al4V and 40 wt.% HA and sintering at different temperatures in air were investigated in this study. Interactions of the mixed powders were investigated using X-ray diffraction. The hardness and density of the HA/Ti6Al4V composites were also measured. Based on the results of XRD analysis, the oxidation of Ti began at 700 °C. At 1000 °C, two phases were formed (i.e., TiO2 and CaTiO3). The results showed that the hardness HA/Ti6Al4V composites increased by 221.6% with increasing sintering temperature from 700oC to 1000oC. In contrast, the density of the composites decreased by 1.9% with increasing sintering temperature. 

scholarly journals A Study on the Effect of Ultrasonic Treatment on the Microstructure of Sn-30 wt.% Bi Alloy

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1870
Author(s):  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Jinwu Kang ◽  
Xiaopeng Zhang ◽  
Zhipeng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Treatment ◽  
Acoustic Streaming ◽  
Eutectic Structure ◽  
Eutectic Phase ◽  
Ultrasonic Cavitation ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Different Temperatures

The effect of ultrasonic treatment on the microstructure of Sn-30 wt.% Bi alloy was studied at different temperatures. Results showed that the ultrasonic treatment could effectively refine the microstructure of Sn-30 wt.% Bi alloy at a temperature range between the liquidus and solidus. Application of the ultrasound could fragment the primary Sn dendrites during solidification due to a mixed effect of ultrasonic cavitation and acoustic streaming. The divorced eutectic formed when the ultrasonic treatment was applied for the whole duration of the solidification. The eutectic phase grew and surrounded the primary Sn dendrite, and pure Bi phase grew in between the Sn dendritic fragments. The mechanism of the fragmentation of dendrites and the divorced eutectic structure by ultrasonic treatment was discussed.

scholarly journals Tissue Morphology and Antigenicity in Mouse and Rat Tibia: Comparing 12 Different Decalcification Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 545-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristofor Bogoevski ◽  
Anna Woloszyk ◽  
Keith Blackwood ◽  
Maria A. Woodruff ◽  
Vaida Glatt
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Tissue Morphology ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Rat Tibia

Conventional bone decalcification is a time-consuming process and is therefore unsuitable for clinical applications and time-limited research projects. Consequently, we compared the effect of four different decalcification solutions applied at three different temperatures, and assessed the rate of decalcification and the implications on tissue morphology and antigenicity of mouse and rat tibiae. Bones were decalcified with 10% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 10% formic acid, 5% hydrochloric acid, and 5% nitric acid at 4C, 25C, and 37C. Decalcification in both species was fastest in nitric acid at 37C and slowest in EDTA at 4C. Histological and immunohistochemical staining confirmed that the conventional protocols of EDTA at 4C and 25C remain the best option regarding the quality of tissue preservation. Whereas formic acid at 4C is a good alternative saving about 90% of the decalcification time, hydrochloric and nitric acids should be avoided particularly in case of rat tibia. By contrast, due to their smaller size, mouse tibiae had shorter decalcification times and tolerated higher temperatures and exposure to acids much better. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that depending on the specific research question and sample size, alternative decalcification methods could be used to decrease the time of decalcification while maintaining histological accuracy.

Orientation Relationships in the System Nb-NbCr2

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 707-708
Author(s):  
P. G. Kotula ◽  
K. C. Chen ◽  
D. J. Thoma ◽  
F. Chu ◽  
T. E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Laves Phase ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Laves Phases ◽  
Arc Melting ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Two Phases

Laves-phase intermetallics are of potential use as high-temperature structural materials. NbCr2-based C15-structured alloys are of particular interest for such applications. by themselves, Laves phases generally have poor ductility and fracture toughness at low temperatures. Two phase alloys (i.e., Laves phase and the ductile bcc phase) are considered more promising for structural applications. The orientation relationships between the two phases can contribute to the mechanical behavior of the material. In this study, observations of two different orientation relationships in a Nb-NbCr2 eutectic are discussed and compared with previous studies of the NbCr2 system, as well as the TiCr2 system.A Nb-NbCr2 eutectic alloy was prepared by arc-melting high-purity alloys followed by annealing at 1400°C for 100 h and then cooling at l°C/min. The complete details of the materials preparation have been given elsewhere. Specimens were prepared for observation in the transmission electron microscope (TEM) by cutting 3 mm discs with a coring saw, followed by dimpling and ion milling. Microstructural characterization was performed with a Philips CM30 TEM operating at 300 kV.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Austenitic Grain Growth by Thermoelectric Power Measurements

2004 ◽  
Vol 467-470 ◽  
pp. 863-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Capdevila ◽  
Tommy De Cock ◽  
Francisca García Caballero ◽  
Carlos García-Mateo ◽  
Carlos García de Andrés
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Aisi 304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Power Measurements

The influence of the deformation grade on the recrystallised grain size has been studied in the AISI 304 stainless steel. Therefore, cold rolled samples of this material with reductions varying between 30% and 80% were annealed at different temperatures and subsequently quenched. The mean austenitic grain sizes were measured and compared. Moreover, the correlation between the variation of the thermoelectric power and the grain growth was investigated for each degree of prior deformation.

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