scholarly journals In Situ Observation of Epitaxial Growth during Evaporative Simultaneous Crystallization from Aqueous Electrolytes in Droplets

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1122
Author(s):  
Frederico M. Penha ◽  
Fábio R. D. Andrade ◽  
Amanda S. Lanzotti ◽  
Paulo F. Moreira Junior ◽  
Gustavo P. Zago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Aqueous Electrolytes ◽  
Industrial Crystallization ◽  
Ternary Solutions ◽  
Almost All

In this study, crystallization phenomena were investigated by real-time in situ observation of seeded droplets under evaporation using a self-developed hot-stage platform. Ternary solutions at eutonic conditions at 25 °C were investigated for the following systems: NaCl–KCl–H2O, NaCl–CaSO4–H2O, and NaCl–Na2SO4–H2O. Evidence of epitaxial growth was found for aqueous NaCl–KCl and aqueous NaCl–Na2SO4. Sodium chloride nucleated and grew epitaxially upon the other substrates in a larger proportion compared with the inverse. This observation could be related to the higher solubility, and consequently higher residual supersaturation of NaCl regarding the other components. Hopper-like NaCl crystals developed in almost all systems. The results may help devise strategies to control particle morphologies and purity in industrial crystallization from complex systems.

THE INHIBITION EFFECT OF ZINC AND SILICATE IONS ON PITTING CORROSION INDUCED BY CERIUM(III) IONS OF CARBON STEEL IN SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 2050038
Author(s):  
QIONGWEI LI
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Synergistic Inhibition

Pitting corrosion of carbon steel in sodium chloride solution induced by Ce[Formula: see text] and the synergistic inhibition effects of Ce[Formula: see text] and Zn[Formula: see text]/SiO[Formula: see text] were investigated using in-situ observation and electrochemical methods. The results showed that the presence of Ce[Formula: see text] could result in severe pitting corrosion and a positive shift in the corrosion potential. It was found that individual Ce[Formula: see text], Zn[Formula: see text], or SiO[Formula: see text] had low inhibition efficiencies, whereas the combination of Ce[Formula: see text] and Zn[Formula: see text] or SiO[Formula: see text] proved to be highly effective in inhibiting the development of pits in two different ways and in enhancing the corrosion resistance. The pitting corrosion and inhibition mechanisms were discussed based on the results.

In Situ Observation of Microwedge Effect on Liquid Lubrication

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 690-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sy-Wei Lo ◽  
Bo-Qi Zhou ◽  
Ching-Feng Fang ◽  
Yu-Sheng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Average Velocity ◽  
Contact Region ◽  
Hydrodynamic Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Surface Separation ◽  
Tool Surface

The influence of the minute elastic deformation of tool surface, named the “microwedge,” on the asperity crushing in liquid lubrication is investigated experimentally. The microwedge plays a role so dominant that although increasing the average velocity of the lubricant can alleviate the asperity deformation; such efforts will be overwhelmed by the microwedge effect if the relative sliding velocity between tool and workpiece is also enhanced concurrently. For all roughness patterns, the asperities show multidirectional expansions of the contact region; an important feature of the microwedge effect. The microwedge effect also creates distributions of surface separation and hydrodynamic pressure neither expected nor explainable by the other models.

Growth Inhibition of Sodium Chloride Crystals by Anticaking Agents: In Situ Observation of Step Pinning

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5889-5896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arno A. C. Bode ◽  
Shanfeng Jiang ◽  
Jan A. M. Meijer ◽  
Willem J. P. van Enckevort ◽  
Elias Vlieg
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
In Situ Observation

In situ observation of epitaxial growth of Co thin films on Cu(100)

1992 ◽  
Vol 42-44 ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Schmid ◽  
J. Kirschner
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
In Situ Observation

In-situ observation of MOVPE epitaxial growth

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Richter
Keyword(s):  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
In Situ Observation

In-Situ Observation of UV/Ozone Oxidation of Silicon using Spectroscopic Eli Psometry

1999 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Saitoh ◽  
D. Kobayashi ◽  
D. Kimura ◽  
K. Asai
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Silicon Surfaces ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Electric Field Effect ◽  
Initial Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Uv Ozone

ABSTRACTInitial oxidation process of silicon in UV/ozone ambient has been monitored using a multi-wavelength, in-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry. Ozone gas was chemically formed by photochemical reaction of oxygen under ulUmviolet illuimination. The oxide growth was monitored for hydrogenated silicon surfaces as functions of oxygen gas flow rate, gas pressure and wafer temperature. Initial oxidation rates were very high at almost all the temperatures. The oxidation rate was 0.2 nm/min about ten times higher than that for thermal oxidation without UV light at low temperatures. The accelerated oxidation was probably due to an electric field effect on the oxidation of back-bond silicon by active oxygen atoms included in the ozone gas.

214 In-situ observation of epitaxial growth of amorphous oxide thin films

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007.42 (0) ◽  
pp. 223-224
Author(s):  
Yuta NOHARA ◽  
Takao TSURUI ◽  
Yuki NAGAO ◽  
Noriko SATA ◽  
Fumitada IGUCHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Oxide Thin Films ◽  
Amorphous Oxide

Solid-State Amorphization in a Ti/B Multilayer

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 904-905
Author(s):  
Alan F. Jankowski ◽  
Mark A. Wall ◽  
Daniel M. Makowiecki
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solid State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Heat Of Mixing ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Multilayered Structures ◽  
Adjacent Layer ◽  
Isothermal Anneal ◽  
State Amorphization

Thin films of pure crystalline metals, that have a negative heat of mixing, are known to amorphize. Solid-state amorphization reactions are possible to study using multilayered structures. The amorphization reaction is typically observed in multilayered structures in which one layer of the pair is crystalline and the adjacent layer or interface is amorphous, as in Ni/Zr and Cu/Y. The reaction progresses via a low temperature isothermal anneal (at several hundred degrees centigrade) in which one species preferentially diffuses into the other. Recently, in-situ observation of solid-state amorphization in a completely crystalline Ni/Ti multilayer indicates that nucleation of the amorphous phase occurs at incoherent crystalline interlayer boundaries. (The completely crystalline as-deposited structure was achieved by ensuring thermalization of the sputtered neutrals.) The progression of solidstate amorphization in Ti-B is examined using the multilayered configuration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document