scholarly journals Effect of Al2O3–SiO2 Addition on Gehlenite Growth and the Mechanical Performance of Steel Slag

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 936
Author(s):  
Ying Xu ◽  
Pan Song ◽  
Weigang Cao ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Jinglong Liang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Morphology Evolution ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Steel slag, as industrial solid waste, is difficult to recycle owing to its complex components and poor mechanical properties. However, steel slag can be modified by adding Al2O3–SiO2 through high temperature sintering, which would improve the mechanical properties and expand the scope of its application. The phase changing, morphology evolution and the mechanical properties of the modified steel slag were investigated. The results indicate that the main phase changes to gehlenite occur with increasing temperature. The compressive strength increases to 115 MPa at 1350 °C. The relationship of the quantity of gehlenite and the compressive strength were explored.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Concrete Containing Liquefied Red Mud Subjected to Uniaxial Compression Loads

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyeongcheol Choe ◽  
Sukpyo Kang ◽  
Hyeju Kang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Cement Type ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study used liquefied red mud (RM) sludge, an aluminum industry by-product, as a construction material. Accordingly, various methods were examined that used the fabricated liquefied red mud (LRM) as an admixture for concrete, and the mechanical properties of concrete were then evaluated according to the cement type and the amount of LRM. The LRM mixing methods (replacement and addition) were compared, and the slump and compressive strengths of concrete were evaluated for each method. To examine the mechanical properties according to the cement type and the amount of LRM, two types of cement (ordinary Portland cement and slag cement (SC)) were used, and 20 and 40 wt% LRM (with respect to the cement weight) were added. The mechanical properties of the stress–strain curve (SSC), compressive strength, peak strain, and elastic modulus were quantified. When the slump and compressive strength of concrete were considered based on the experimental results, the addition LRM mixing method was recommended as the appropriate method for LRM. As the addition of LRM increased, the mechanical properties of concrete degraded. However, when SC was used, the mechanical properties did not significantly change when different amounts of LRM were added (up to 20%). In addition, the SSC of LRM concrete could be approximated based on the use of the relationship of the compressive strength and peak strain according to the cement type and the amount of LRM.

The Mechanical Properties of Concrete Incorporating Steel Slag as Supplementary Cementitious Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Li ◽  
Shu Ing Doh ◽  
Wei Ying Feng ◽  
Ja’far A. Aldiabat Albtoosh ◽  
Beng Wei Chong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Cementitious Material ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Material ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Alternative Material

Steel slag (SS) is a kind of industrial solid waste usually been dumped at landfills and causes environmental pollution. Previous studies have demostrated that SS can be an alternative material to be used for making concrete and could achieve good mechanical properties, which not only reduce natural resources depletion but also improve environmental quality. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of SS as supplementary cementitious material (SCM) partially replacing cement on workability and mechanical properties of fresh and hardened concrete. X-ray flouresence test, slump test, compressive strength test and ultra pulse velocity test have been conducted. Mix designs are determined with replacement proportion of cement by SS of 0, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. Results show that replacement of cement by SS up to 50% increase the workability of concrete. The density of concrete ranges from 2083 to 2373 kg/m3, with and without replacement of SS at curing age of 1-day, 3-day and 28-day. Compressive strength of concretes incorporating SS is lower than that of plain concrete. 1-day and 3-day compressive strength of concrete incorporating SS decrease with the increase in replacement of SS while 28-day compressive strength reach peak at 30% replacement and further replacement of SS reduce 28-day compressive strength. The UPV value of concrete have good relationship with compressive strengh with the correlation coefficient of 0.92, 0.87 and 0.70 of 1-day, 3-day and 28-day experiment data, respectively. This study indicates the SS can be used for making concrete.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Mg-1.6Gd as Prospective Degradable Implant Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 1112 ◽  
pp. 462-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oknovia Susanti ◽  
Sri Harjanto ◽  
Myrna A. Mochtar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peak Value

Mg-1.6 Gd alloy ingot were prepared by hot extrusion. The extruded alloy exhibits the recrystallised grain size and excellent mechanical properties. The aim of this study is to explore the microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-1.6 Gd to be used as implant. Extrusion was performed at temperatures of 400°C, 450 °C, 500°C and 550°C with a speed of 1mm/s and extrusion ratio of 30%. Tension and hardness testing were carried out on samples taken from extruded rod of Mg-Gd alloy. Microstructure observation revealed that all extruded alloy specimens constitued of finer grain size (~14 um) compared to that of the as-cast alloy (> 500 um) as the result of full recrystallization occured at 400 °C. The grain size increased larger with an increase temperature and the peak value is 25mm at temperature of 550 °C. Hardness of the alloy decreased as the extrusion temperature increased from 48.7 HV at 400 °C to 42 HV at 550 °C which is associated with the change in the grain size. Tensile strengths were not apparently affected by the temperature change, however, it was observed that the tensile and yield strengths dropped at 500 °C. Meanwhile, the elongation decreased with increasing temperature which reached 24 % at the lowest temperature. Detailed explaination of the relationship of microstructure and mechanical properties is discussed in this paper.

Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Rubber Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Quan Sun ◽  
Wen Hui Zhou ◽  
Chao Yi Wei
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Substitution Rate ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Replacement Rate ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Rubber Powder ◽  
Axial Compressive Strength ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

With the methods of studying conventional concrete mechanical performance, the influence of concrete performance on the rubber powder replacement rate is investigated. Based on the test data, the relationship of between the elastic modulus and the rubber powder replacement rate is fitted. The results show that the concrete slump decreases with the rubber substitution rate increasing. The compressive strength of the cube of the concrete, the axial compressive strength and the elastic modulus go down in different degree with the increment of the rubber substitution rate.

An evaluation of ECT sample height for small flute board grades and Box Manufacturer’s Certification compliance

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
CORY JAY WILSON ◽  
BENJAMIN FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Sample Height ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Corrugated Fiberboard

TAPPI test T811 is the specified method to ascertain ECT relative to box manufacturer’s certification compliance of corrugated fiberboard under Rule 41/ Alternate Item 222. T811 test sample heights were derived from typical board constructions at the time of the test method’s initial development. New, smaller flute sizes have since been developed, and the use of lighter weight boards has become more common. The T811 test method includes sample specifications for typical A-flute, B-flute, and C-flute singlewall (and doublewall and triplewall) structures, but not for newer thinner E-flute or F-flute structures. This research explores the relationship of ECT sample height to measured compressive load, in an effort to determine valid E-flute and F-flute ECT sample heights for use with the T811 method. Through this process, it identifies challenges present in our use of current ECT test methods as a measure of intrinsic compressive strength for smaller flute structures. The data does not support the use of TAPPI T 811 for ECT measurement for E and F flute structures, and demonstrates inconsistencies with current height specifi-cations for some lightweight B flute.

Size Effect on Mechanical Properties of LVL

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 824-829
Author(s):  
Qing Fang Lv ◽  
Ji Hong Qin ◽  
Ran Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Laminated Veneer Lumber ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Relationship

Laminated veneer lumber is taken as an object of study, and use LVL specimens of different sizes for compression test and tensile test. The goal of the experiment is to investigate the size effect on compressive strength and tensile strength as well as the influence of the secondary glued laminated face, which appears in the secondary molding processes. The results show that both compressive strength and tensile strength have the size effect apparently and the existence of the secondary glued laminated face lower the compressive strength of LVL specimens. Afterwards, the relationship between compressive strength and volume along with tensile strength and area are obtained by the test results.

scholarly journals AN INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECTS OF MICRO-PARAMETERS ON THE STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF ROCK

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Behzad Jafari Mohammadabadi ◽  
Kourosh Shahriar ◽  
Hossein Jalalifar ◽  
Kaveh Ahangari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Critical Stress ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Brazilian Tensile Strength ◽  
The Relationship

Rocks are formed from particles and the interaction between those particles controls the behaviour of a rock’s mechanical properties. Since it is very important to conduct extensive studies about the relationship between the micro-parameters and macro-parameters of rock, this paper investigates the effects of some micro-parameters on strength properties and the behaviour of cracks in rock. This is carried out by using numerical simulation of an extensive series of Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS) and Brazilian Tensile Strength (BTS) tests. The micro-parameters included the particles’ contact modulus, the contact stiff ness ratio, bond cohesion, bond tensile strength, the friction coefficient and the friction angle, and the mechanical properties of chromite rock have been considered as base values of the investigation. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the most important micro-parameters on the behaviour of rock in the compressive state are bond cohesion, bond tensile strength, and the friction coefficient. Also, the bond tensile strength showed the largest effect under tensile conditions. The micro-parameter of bond tensile strength increased the rock tensile strength (up to 5 times), minimized destructive cracks and increased the corresponding strain (almost 2.5 times) during critical stress.

scholarly journals Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Properties of L-PBF Processed 316 L at Cryogenic Temperature

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 5856
Author(s):  
Pragya Mishra ◽  
Pia Åkerfeldt ◽  
Farnoosh Forouzan ◽  
Fredrik Svahn ◽  
Yuan Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cryogenic Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Aerospace Applications

Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has attracted great interest in the aerospace and medical sectors because it can produce complex and lightweight parts with high accuracy. Austenitic stainless steel alloy 316 L is widely used in many applications due to its good mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance over a wide temperature range. In this study, L-PBF-processed 316 L was investigated for its suitability in aerospace applications at cryogenic service temperatures and the behavior at cryogenic temperature was compared with room temperature to understand the properties and microstructural changes within this temperature range. Tensile tests were performed at room temperature and at −196 °C to study the mechanical performance and phase changes. The microstructure and fracture surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, and the phases were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The results showed a significant increase in the strength of 316 L at −196 °C, while its ductility remained at an acceptable level. The results indicated the formation of ε and α martensite during cryogenic testing, which explained the increase in strength. Nanoindentation revealed different hardness values, indicating the different mechanical properties of austenite (γ), strained austenite, body-centered cubic martensite (α), and hexagonal close-packed martensite (ε) formed during the tensile tests due to mechanical deformation.

scholarly journals Influence of Glass Fibers on Mechanical Properties of Concrete with Recycled Coarse Aggregates

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1007-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babar Ali ◽  
Liaqat Ali Qureshi ◽  
Ali Raza ◽  
Muhammad Asad Nawaz ◽  
Safi Ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Despite plain cement concrete presenting inferior performance in tension and adverse environmental impacts, it is the most widely used construction material in the world. Consumption of fibers and recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) can add ductility and sustainability to concrete. In this research, two mix series (100%NCA, and 100%RCA) were prepared using four different dosages of GF (0%GF, 0.25%GF, 0.5%GF, and 0.75%GF by volume fraction).  Mechanical properties namely compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength of each concrete mixture was evaluated at the age of 28 days. The results of testing indicated that the addition of GF was very useful in enhancing the split tensile and flexural strength of both RCA and NCA concrete. Compressive strength was not highly sensitive to the addition of GF. The loss in strength that occurred due to the incorporation of RCA was reduced to a large extent upon the inclusion of GF. GF caused significant improvements in the split tensile and flexural strength of RCA concrete. Optimum dosage of GF was determined to be 0.25% for NCA, and 0.5% for RCA concrete respectively, based on the results of combined mechanical performance (MP).

scholarly journals Mechanical High-Temperature Properties and Damage Behavior of Coarse-Grained Alumina Refractory Metal Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3927
Author(s):  
Anja Weidner ◽  
Yvonne Ranglack-Klemm ◽  
Tilo Zienert ◽  
Christos G. Aneziris ◽  
Horst Biermann
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Refractory Metals ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Damage Behavior ◽  
Niobium Oxides ◽  
Alumina Refractory ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Refractory Composites

The present study provides the mechanical properties of a new generation of refractory composites based on coarse-grained Al2O3 ceramic and the refractory metals Nb and Ta. The materials were manufactured by refractory castable technology and subsequently sintered at 1600 °C for 4 h. The mechanical properties and the damage behavior of the coarse-grained refractory composites were investigated at high temperatures between 1300 and 1500 °C. The compressive strength is given as a function of temperature for materials with two different volume fractions of the refractory metals Ta and Nb. It is demonstrated that these refractory composites do not fail in a completely brittle manner in the studied temperature range. The compressive strength for all materials significantly decreases with increasing temperature. Failure occurred due to the formation of cracks along the ceramic/metal interfaces of the coarse-grained Al2O3 particles. In microstructural observations of sintered specimens, the formation of tantalates, as well as niobium oxides, were observed. The lower compressive strength of coarse-grained Nb-Al2O3 refractory composites compared to Ta-Al2O3 is probably attributed to the formation of niobium oxides. The formation of tantalates, however, seems to have no detrimental effect on compressive strength.

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