scholarly journals Impact of CdCl2 Treatment in CdTe Thin Film Grown on Ultra-Thin Glass Substrate via Close Spaced Sublimation

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Nowshad Amin ◽  
Mohammad Rezaul Karim ◽  
Zeid Abdullah ALOthman
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Cdte Film ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Bandgap Energy ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Cdte Thin Film ◽  
Thin Glass ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Cdcl2 Treatment

In this study, close-spaced sublimation (CSS) grown cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin films with good adhesion to 100 µm thin Schott D263T ultra-thin glass (UTG) were investigated. Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) treatment in vacuum ambient was executed to enhance the film quality and optoelectrical properties of CdTe thin film. The post-deposition annealing temperature ranging from 360–420 °C was examined to improve the CdTe film quality on UTG substrate. Various characterization techniques have been used to observe the compositional, morphological, optical, as well as electrical properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) verified that the CdTe morphology and grain size could be controlled via CdCl2 treatment temperature. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX) results confirmed that the annealing temperature range of 375–390 °C yielded the stoichiometric CdTe films. UV-Vis analysis estimated the post-treatment bandgap energy in the range of 1.39–1.46 eV. Carrier concentration and resistivity were obtained in the order of 1013 cm−3 and 104 Ω-cm, respectively. All the experimental results established that the CdCl2 treatment temperature range of 390–405 °C might be considered as the optimum process temperature for the deposition of CdTe solar cell on UTG substrate in close-spaced sublimation (CSS) method.

Effect of O2 on thickness uniformity of CdTe thin film deposited using CSS

2009 ◽  
Vol 1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirav D Vora ◽  
Ramesh Dhere
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Cdte Film ◽  
Cdte Thin Film ◽  
Cell Efficiency ◽  
Steady State Model ◽  
Closed Space Sublimation ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen ◽  
Heat Transfers ◽  
Space Sublimation

AbstractIncorporating O2 in the closed space sublimation (CSS) of CdTe thin film has resulted in improved cell efficiencies. Many studies have been undertaken to understand this effect on cell efficiency. In this work we study the effect of oxygen on lateral uniformity of the deposited CdTe film. A finite element model has been developed to represent the mass and heat transfers involved in the CSS process. The model takes into consideration the effect of O2 by modeling its reaction with Cd vapors in the space between the source and the substrates and with the CdTe source. So a gradient of O2 from the edges to the center of the substrate can result in non-uniform oxidation of the source and subsequently a laterally non-uniform film. A steady state model solved at various temperatures, pressures, and separation distances. O2 concentration gradient was found to depend on the oxidation rate of Cd vapors and thus on temperature, total pressure, and oxygen partial pressure in the system.

scholarly journals Temperature difference in close-spaced sublimation (CSS) growth of CdTe thin film on ultra-thin glass substrate

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 103213 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Doroody ◽  
K.S. Rahman ◽  
S.F. Abdullah ◽  
M.N. Harif ◽  
H.N. Rosly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Cdte Thin Film ◽  
Thin Glass

BaCl2 an efficient replacement of CdCl2 treatment step for thermally deposited CdTe thin film

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 086438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar A A Syed ◽  
Ahsan Ali ◽  
Nouman Rafiq ◽  
Wiqar H Shah ◽  
Nazar A Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Cdte Thin Film ◽  
Cdcl2 Treatment ◽  
Treatment Step

Chemical and Electrical Instability of Mg$_\rm x$Zn$_{1- \rm x}$O in CdTe Thin Film Solar Cell

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dongming Wang ◽  
Guangwei Wang ◽  
Yanbo Cai ◽  
Lingling Wu ◽  
Peng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cell ◽  
Cdte Thin Film ◽  
Electrical Instability

scholarly journals Optimizing the Properties of La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 Thin Films through Post-Annealing for High-Temperature Sensing

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1802
Author(s):  
Dan Liu ◽  
Peng Shi ◽  
Yantao Liu ◽  
Yijun Zhang ◽  
Bian Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Rf Sputtering ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Annealing ◽  
Maximum Conductivity ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Post Annealing Temperature

La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 (0.2LSCO) thin films were prepared via the RF sputtering method to fabricate thin-film thermocouples (TFTCs), and post-annealing processes were employed to optimize their properties to sense high temperatures. The XRD patterns of the 0.2LSCO thin films showed a pure phase, and their crystallinities increased with the post-annealing temperature from 800 °C to 1000 °C, while some impurity phases of Cr2O3 and SrCr2O7 were observed above 1000 °C. The surface images indicated that the grain size increased first and then decreased, and the maximum size was 0.71 μm at 1100 °C. The cross-sectional images showed that the thickness of the 0.2LSCO thin films decreased significantly above 1000 °C, which was mainly due to the evaporation of Sr2+ and Cr3+. At the same time, the maximum conductivity was achieved for the film annealed at 1000 °C, which was 6.25 × 10−2 S/cm. When the thin films post-annealed at different temperatures were coupled with Pt reference electrodes to form TFTCs, the trend of output voltage to first increase and then decrease was observed, and the maximum average Seebeck coefficient of 167.8 µV/°C was obtained for the 0.2LSCO thin film post-annealed at 1100 °C. Through post-annealing optimization, the best post-annealing temperature was 1000 °C, which made the 0.2LSCO thin film more stable to monitor the temperatures of turbine engines for a long period of time.

Effect of ZnTe and CdZnTe Alloys at the Back Contact of 1-µm-Thick CdTe Thin Film Solar Cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (Part 1, No. 5A) ◽  
pp. 2834-2841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nowshad Amin ◽  
Akira Yamada ◽  
Makoto Konagai
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Back Contact ◽  
Cdte Thin Film

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of pulsed laser deposited a novel CdS/CdSe composite window layer for CdTe thin film solar cell

2016 ◽  
Vol 367 ◽  
pp. 480-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Yang ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Jingquan Zhang ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cell ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Window Layer ◽  
Cdte Thin Film

Ambient CdCl2 treatment on CdS buffer layer for improved performance of Sb2Se3 thin film photovoltaics

2015 ◽  
Vol 107 (14) ◽  
pp. 143902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wang ◽  
Miao Luo ◽  
Sikai Qin ◽  
Xinsheng Liu ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
Cdcl2 Treatment ◽  
Thin Film Photovoltaics ◽  
Improved Performance
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