scholarly journals Analysis of Lyα Dielectronic Satellites to Characterize Temporal Profile of Intense Femtosecond Laser Pulses

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Ryazantsev ◽  
Igor Y. Skobelev ◽  
Artem S. Martynenko ◽  
Maria A. Alkhimova ◽  
Mikhail D. Mishchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Plasma Electron ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Spectral Lines ◽  
Plasma Diagnostic ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Temporal Profile ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kinetic Calculations

In the paper, an X-ray spectroscopy-based approach on laser pulse temporal profile characterization is described. The structure of dielectronic satellites to H-like Lyα lines strongly depends on a plasma electron density, so it can be applied for diagnostics. These spectral lines are mainly emitted during initial stage of laser plasma expansion. It means that plasma parameters obtained via them characterizes matter conditions in a region surrounding a spot of laser-matter interaction. In the case when a laser contrast is high enough, the radiation interacts with cold matter, which had not been preliminary perturbed by a laser prepulse, and the satellites structure shape corresponding to high densities should be observed. It allows us to consider the satellites as a diagnostic tool for the laser temporal profile quality. In the paper dependencies of the dielectronic satellites structure on electron densities obtained from detailed kinetic calculations in the wide range of plasma parameter for different elements are under discussion. Fundamental theoretical aspects of plasma diagnostic based on the feature of satellite structures shape in hot dense plasma, which led to development of the proposed method, are also explained.

scholarly journals Ultrafast-laser-inscribed 3D integrated photonics: challenges and emerging applications

Nanophotonics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gross ◽  
M. J. Withford
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Ultrafast Laser ◽  
Integrated Photonics ◽  
Transparent Dielectrics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Many ◽  
Quantum Photonics

AbstractSince the discovery that tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses can induce a highly localised and permanent refractive index modification in a large number of transparent dielectrics, the technique of ultrafast laser inscription has received great attention from a wide range of applications. In particular, the capability to create three-dimensional optical waveguide circuits has opened up new opportunities for integrated photonics that would not have been possible with traditional planar fabrication techniques because it enables full access to the many degrees of freedom in a photon. This paper reviews the basic techniques and technological challenges of 3D integrated photonics fabricated using ultrafast laser inscription as well as reviews the most recent progress in the fields of astrophotonics, optical communication, quantum photonics, emulation of quantum systems, optofluidics and sensing.

An Atom-Probe Tomography Primer

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 717-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N. Seidman ◽  
Krystyna Stiller
Keyword(s):  
Atom Probe Tomography ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Large Data Sets ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractAtom-probe tomography (APT) is in the midst of a dynamic renaissance as a result of the development of well-engineered commercial instruments that are both robust and ergonomic and capable of collecting large data sets, hundreds of millions of atoms, in short time periods compared to their predecessor instruments. An APT setup involves a field-ion microscope coupled directly to a special time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer that permits one to determine the mass-to-charge states of individual field-evaporated ions plus theirx-,y-, andz-coordinates in a specimen in direct space with subnanoscale resolution. The three-dimensional (3D) data sets acquired are analyzed using increasingly sophisticated software programs that utilize high-end workstations, which permit one to handle continuously increasing large data sets. APT has the unique ability to dissect a lattice, with subnanometer-scale spatial resolution, using either voltage or laser pulses, on an atom-by-atom and atomic plane-by-plane basis and to reconstruct it in 3D with the chemical identity of each detected atom identified by TOF mass spectrometry. Employing pico- or femtosecond laser pulses using visible (green or blue light) to ultraviolet light makes the analysis of metallic, semiconducting, ceramic, and organic materials practical to different degrees of success. The utilization of dual-beam focused ion-beam microscopy for the preparation of microtip specimens from multilayer and surface films, semiconductor devices, and for producing site-specific specimens greatly extends the capabilities of APT to a wider range of scientific and engineering problems than could previously be studied for a wide range of materials: metals, semiconductors, ceramics, biominerals, and organic materials.

scholarly journals Biomimetic surface structures in steel fabricated with femtosecond laser pulses: influence of laser rescanning on morphology and wettability

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2802-2812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo Florian Baron ◽  
Alexandros Mimidis ◽  
Daniel Puerto ◽  
Evangelos Skoulas ◽  
Emmanuel Stratakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Repetition Rate ◽  
Laser Processing ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Wide Range

The replication of complex structures found in nature represents an enormous challenge even for advanced fabrication techniques, such as laser processing. For certain applications, not only the surface topography needs to be mimicked, but often also a specific function of the structure. An alternative approach to laser direct writing of complex structures is the generation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS), which is based on directed self-organization of the material and allows fabrication of specific micro- and nanostructures over extended areas. In this work, we exploit this approach to fabricate complex biomimetic structures on the surface of steel 1.7131 formed upon irradiation with high repetition rate femtosecond laser pulses. In particular, the fabricated structures show similarities to the skin of certain reptiles and integument of insects. Different irradiation parameters are investigated to produce the desired structures, including laser repetition rate and laser fluence, paying special attention to the influence of the number of times the same area is rescanned with the laser. The latter parameter is identified to be crucial for controlling the morphology and size of specific structures. As an example for the functionality of the structures, we have chosen the surface wettability and studied its dependence on the laser processing parameters. Contact angle measurements of water drops placed on the surface reveal that a wide range of angles can be accessed by selecting the appropriate irradiation parameters, highlighting also here the prominent role of the number of scans.

scholarly journals Rewritable color nanoprints in antimony trisulfide films

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (51) ◽  
pp. eabb7171
Author(s):  
Hailong Liu ◽  
Weiling Dong ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Li Lu ◽  
Qifeng Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Amorphous States ◽  
Multiple Switching ◽  
Rapid Switching ◽  
20 Nm

Materials that exhibit large and rapid switching of their optical properties in the visible spectrum hold the key to color-changing devices. Antimony trisulfide (Sb2S3) is a chalcogenide material that exhibits large refractive index changes of ~1 between crystalline and amorphous states. However, little is known about its ability to endure multiple switching cycles, its capacity for recording high-resolution patterns, nor the optical properties of the crystallized state. Unexpectedly, we show that crystalline Sb2S3 films that are just 20 nm thick can produce substantial birefringent phase retardation. We also report a high-speed rewritable patterning approach at subdiffraction resolutions (>40,000 dpi) using 780-nm femtosecond laser pulses. Partial reamorphization is demonstrated and then used to write and erase multiple microscale color images with a wide range of colors over a ~120-nm band in the visible spectrum. These solid-state, rapid-switching, and ultrahigh-resolution color-changing devices could find applications in nonvolatile ultrathin displays.

scholarly journals Slow light nanocoatings for ultrashort pulse compression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ossiander ◽  
Y.-W. Huang ◽  
W. T. Chen ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
X. Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrashort Pulse ◽  
Pulse Compression ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Slow Light ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Group Delay Dispersion ◽  
Transmitted Radiation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ultrashort Laser

AbstractTransparent materials do not absorb light but have profound influence on the phase evolution of transmitted radiation. One consequence is chromatic dispersion, i.e., light of different frequencies travels at different velocities, causing ultrashort laser pulses to elongate in time while propagating. Here we experimentally demonstrate ultrathin nanostructured coatings that resolve this challenge: we tailor the dispersion of silicon nanopillar arrays such that they temporally reshape pulses upon transmission using slow light effects and act as ultrashort laser pulse compressors. The coatings induce anomalous group delay dispersion in the visible to near-infrared spectral region around 800 nm wavelength over an 80 nm bandwidth. We characterize the arrays’ performance in the spectral domain via white light interferometry and directly demonstrate the temporal compression of femtosecond laser pulses. Applying these coatings to conventional optics renders them ultrashort pulse compatible and suitable for a wide range of applications.

scholarly journals Drilling of Sub-100 μm Hourglass-Shaped Holes in Diamond with Femtosecond Laser Pulses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bosu Jeong ◽  
Byunghak Lee ◽  
Jung-Hoon Kim ◽  
Jung-An Choi ◽  
Juhee Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Pulse Number ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Diamond Sample ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Micro Holes ◽  
Drilling Quality ◽  
Micro Hole

A Micro holes in a diamond are presented by using a homemade femtosecond (fs) Yb:KGW laser. An fs laser source was used emitting pulse duration of 230 fs at 1030 nm wavelength, whereas the spot size amounted to 8.9 μm. Parameters like pulse energy, and pulse number were varied over a wide range in order to evaluate their influence both on the micro hole geometry like hole diameter, circularity, taper angle, and on the drilling quality. Hourglass-shaped micro holes whose diameters decrease and increase again after a certain depth have important applications. The results demonstrate the feasibility of extending the drilling of an hourglass-shaped hole in a diamond sample, which has similar diameters at the hole entrance (92 μm) and exit (95 μm), but a much smaller diameter (28 μm) at a certain waist section inside the hole.

Inorganic-organic Hybrid Materials for Real 3-D Sub-νm Lithography

2003 ◽  
Vol 780 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Houbertz ◽  
J. Schulz ◽  
L. Fröhlich ◽  
G. Domann ◽  
M. Popall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Hybrid Polymer ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Applied Technology ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

AbstractReal 3-D sub-νm lithography was performed with two-photon polymerization (2PP) using inorganic-organic hybrid polymer (ORMOCER®) resins. The hybrid polymers were synthesized by hydrolysis/polycondensation reactions (modified sol-gel synthesis) which allows one to tailor their material properties towards the respective applications, i.e., dielectrics, optics or passivation. Due to their photosensitive organic functionalities, ORMOCER®s can be patterned by conventional photo-lithography as well as by femtosecond laser pulses at 780 nm. This results in polymerized (solid) structures where the non-polymerized parts can be removed by conventional developers.ORMOCER® structures as small as 200 nm or even below were generated by 2PP of the resins using femtosecond laser pulses. It is demonstrated that ORMOCER®s have the potential to be used in components or devices built up by nm-scale structures such as, e.g., photonic crystals. Aspects of the materials in conjunction to the applied technology are discussed.

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