scholarly journals Factor Analysis of XRF and XRPD Data on the Example of the Rocks of the Kontozero Carbonatite Complex (NW Russia). Part II: Geological Interpretation

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Kozlov ◽  
Ekaterina Fomina ◽  
Pavel Khvorov
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Geochemical Evolution ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Numerical Comparison ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Carbonatite Complex ◽  
Geological Interpretation ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Potential Use

Numerical comparison of mineralogical and geochemical data, which is required in a variety of geological applications, is a challenging task, especially when analyzing extensive sample collections. Herein, we apply factor analysis (FA) to a collection of 198 diffraction patterns of bulk rock samples from the Kontozero carbonatite complex. The mineralogical information hidden in the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) data is thereby squeezed down to a set of two dozen variables represented by factor scores (FS). The values of these FSs show a functional relationship with the contents of the minerals composing the rocks. Therefore, factor scores can be considered as a beneficial tool for rapid qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of the mineral composition of rocks. Supplementing principal component analysis (PCA) with FSs as independent variables characterizing the mineral content of rocks allows for the numerical comparison of mineralogical and geochemical data. By PCA, we reveal the main trends in the mineralogical and geochemical evolution of the investigated rocks of the Kontozero complex. Furthermore, the results are obtained in the very first stages of the research. This fact elucidates the potential use of the proposed technique in geological studies and mining.

Neuropsychological asymmetry in Alzheimer's disease: Verbal versus visuoconstructional deficits across stages of dementia

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL STRITE ◽  
PAUL J. MASSMAN ◽  
NORMA COOKE ◽  
RACHELLE S. DOODY
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficits ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Lateral Asymmetry ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Component Factor

The incidence of clinically apparent asymmetric profiles of neuropsychological deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients similar to those reported in the PET literature is currently unclear. This study investigated lateral neuropsychological asymmetry using principal component factor analysis in a sample of 153 patients diagnosed with probable AD. Using factor scores, patients were classified into groups exhibiting asymmetric or symmetric profiles of neuropsychological deficits. In the analysis of lateral asymmetry, 27.5% of patients were classified as asymmetric (10% verbally and 17% visuospatially). Consistent with reports of continued asymmetry beyond the mild dementia stage, asymmetry was exhibited in the mild, moderate, and severely demented groups. These findings of neuropsychological asymmetry across stages of dementia are consistent with the picture of significant neuropsychological heterogeneity in AD that has been emerging in the decade. (JINS, 1997, 3, 420–427.)

scholarly journals Factor Analysis of XRF and XRPD Data on the Example of the Rocks of the Kontozero Carbonatite Complex (NW Russia). Part I: Algorithm

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 874
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Fomina ◽  
Evgeniy Kozlov ◽  
Ayya Bazai
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Carbonatite Complex ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Sample Set ◽  
Geological Research ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Selection Of

This paper aims to develop a principle for selecting the most informative samples for geological research from extensive collections of rock material. As a tool for this selection, we chose an original method of statistical comparison of X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) data using factor analysis (FA). A collection of carbonatites and aluminosilicate rocks from the Kontozero Devonian carbonatite paleovolcano complex (198 samples) is presented to test our technique. The factors extracted during FA were successfully mineralogically interpreted according to peak positions on the graphs of factor loadings. For the studied rock collection, this approach allowed us to identify more than 20 rock-forming minerals based only on XRPD data. We also found about ten mineral phases, the lines of which are low-intensity, and/or which overlap with more intense peaks of other minerals in the diffraction patterns. The mineralogical interpretation of the factors of such hidden minerals can be performed through electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) of the samples previously selected using FA. In this study, we report on an algorithm that facilitates the selection of the rock samples exhibiting the greatest contrast in mineral and chemical composition and which contain the entire set of mineral phases occurring in the geological object under study. From the collection of Kontozero rocks we examined, the 30 most representative samples were selected, amounting to about 15% of the initial sample set.

Factor Analysis of Vowel Pronunciation in Swedish Dialects

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 189-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Therese Leinonen
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Vowel Quality ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Strong Resemblance ◽  
Acoustic Component

In this study 91 local Swedish dialects were analysed based on vowel pronunciation. Acoustic measurements of vowel quality were made for 18 vowels of 1,014 speakers by means of principal component analysis of vowel spectra. Two principal components were extracted explaining more than [Formula: see text] of the total variance in the vowel spectra. Plotting vowels in the PC1-PC2 plane showed a solution with strong resemblance to vowels in a formant plane. Per location averages of all speakers were calculated and factor analysis was run with the 91 locations as data cases and the two acoustic component of the 18 words as variables. Nine factors were extracted corresponding to distinct geographic distribution patterns. The factor scores of the analysis revealed co-occurrence of a number of linguistic features.

scholarly journals Identification of the relationship between some characteristics of native walnut genotypes peculiar to Darende district of Malatya province: Use of factor analysis scores in multiple linear regression

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Beyhan ◽  
Ecevit Eyduran ◽  
Meleksen Akin ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Kenan Gecer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Eastern Anatolia ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
The Relationship

Two main aims of this investigation were to predict kernel ratio (KR) and kernel weight (KW) from some walnut characteristics, respectively. For these aims, a total of 112 Walnut genotypes growing in nature were collected at Darende District of Malatya province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkiye. The walnut characteristics evaluated were nut length (NL), nut width (NW), nut height (NH), nut weight (NWe), shell thickness (ST), kernel ratio (KR) and kernel weight (KW), respectively. Independent variables were subjected to factor analysis based on principal component extraction method and VARIMAX rotation. On the basis of jointly using factor scores in multiple regression, KR (81.3 % R2 and 80.6 % adjusted R2) and KW (94.7% R2 and 94.5% adjusted R2) characteristics were predicted by using four factor scores with a big accuracy without multicollinearity problem. Consequently, the present results revealed that, walnuts of heavier KW and NWe in the prediction of KR would be expected to produce those of higher KR, and walnuts of higher values in NH, NW, NWe, ST, NL, and KR in the prediction of KW would be expected to produce those of heavier KW. The knowledge may help walnut breeders to improve new selection strategies.

The Structure Among Measures of Personality, Social Attitudes, Values, and Social Norms

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lazar Stankov
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Ethnic Group Differences ◽  
Inside Out

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a study that employed measures of personality, social attitudes, values, and social norms that have been the focus of recent research in individual differences. These measures were given to a sample of participants (N = 1,255) who were enrolled at 25 US colleges and universities. Factor analysis of the correlation matrix produced four factors. Three of these factors corresponded to the domains of Personality/Amoral Social Attitudes, Values, and Social Norms; one factor, Conservatism, cut across the domains. Cognitive ability showed negative correlation with conservatism and amoral social attitudes. The study also examined gender and ethnic group differences on factor scores. The overall interpretation of the findings is consistent with the inside-out view of human social interactions.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic and Adaptive Shopping Patterns: An Insight from Indonesian Consumers

2021 ◽  
pp. 097215092110135
Author(s):  
Arif Hartono ◽  
Asma'i Ishak ◽  
Agus Abdurrahman ◽  
Budi Astuti ◽  
Endy Gunanto Marsasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Consumer Spending ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
Manova Analysis

Although existing studies on consumers typology are extensively conducted, insights on consumers typology in adapting their shopping attitude and behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic remain unexplored. Current studies on consumer responses to the COVID-19 pandemic tend to focus on the following themes: panic buying behaviour, consumer spending and consumer consumption. This study explores a typology of adaptive shopping patterns in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The study involved a survey of 465 Indonesian consumers. Principal component analysis is used to identify the variables related to adaptive shopping patterns. Cluster analysis of the factor scores obtained on the adaptive shopping attitude and behaviour revealed the typology of Indonesian shoppers’ adaptive patterns. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) analysis is used to profile the identified clusters based on attitude, behaviour and demographic characteristics. Results revealed five adaptive shopping patterns with substantial differences among them. This study provides in-depth information about the profile of Indonesian shoppers’ adaptive patterns that would help retailers in understanding consumers and choosing their target group. The major contribution of this study is providing segmentation on shopping adaptive patterns in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic which presents interesting differences compared with previous studies. This study reveals new insights on shoppers’ adaptive attitude and behaviour as consumers coped with the pandemic.

scholarly journals Metacognitive Rating Scale: A Study Applying a Korean Translation to Individuals with Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6853
Author(s):  
Mihwa Han ◽  
Kyunghee Lee ◽  
Mijung Kim ◽  
Youngjin Heo ◽  
Hyunseok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Metacognitive Beliefs

Metacognition is a higher-level cognition of identifying one’s own mental status, beliefs, and intentions. This research comprised a survey of 184 people with schizophrenia to verify the reliability of the metacognitive rating scale (MCRS) with the revised and supplemented metacognitions questionnaire (MCQ) to measure the dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs of people with schizophrenia by adding the concepts of anger and anxiety. This study analyzed the data using principal component analysis and the varimax method for exploratory factor analysis. To examine the reliability of the extracted factors, Cronbach’s α was used. According to the results, reliability was ensured for five factors: positive beliefs about worry, negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger of worry, cognitive confidence, need for control, and cognitive self-consciousness. The negative beliefs about uncontrollability and danger of worry and the need for control on anger expression, which were both added in this research, exhibited the highest correlation (r = 0.727). The results suggest that the MCRS is a reliable tool to measure the metacognition of people with schizophrenia.

Use of the Perceived Physical Competence Scale with Adolescents with Disabilities

1995 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taru Lintunen ◽  
Pilvikki Heikinaro-Johansson ◽  
Claudine Sherrill
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Varimax Rotation ◽  
Physical Competence ◽  
Related Literature ◽  
Competence Scale ◽  
Two Factors

The construct validity and reliability of the 1987 Perceived Physical Competence Scale of Lintunen were examined to assess the applicability of the instrument for use with adolescents with disabilities. Subjects were 51 girls and 34 boys ( M age = 15.1 yr.) from several schools in central Finland. Principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation yielded the same two factors for adolescents with disabilities as reported for nondisabled adolescents in the related literature. Cronbach alphas for the two factors were .89 and .56. It was concluded that the scale is an appropriate measure for adolescents with disabilities. Statistical analysis indicated no gender differences for adolescents with disabilities. When compared with nondisabled groups in the related literature, these adolescents had perceived fitness similar to nondisabled peers but significantly lower than that of athletes without disabilities.

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