scholarly journals Indiscernibility Mask Key for Image Steganography

Computers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Piotr Artiemjew ◽  
Aleksandra Kislak-Malinowska
Keyword(s):  
Image Steganography ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Fixed Degree ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lsb Matching ◽  
Experimental Part ◽  
Lsb Technique ◽  
Initial Research

Our concern in this paper is to explore the possibility of using rough inclusions for image steganography. We present our initial research using indiscernibility relation as a steganographic key for hiding information into the stego carrier by means of a fixed mask. The information can be embedded into the stego-carrier in a semi-random way, whereas the reconstruction is performed in a deterministic way. The information shall be placed in selected bytes, which are indiscernible with the mask to a fixed degree. The bits indiscernible with other ratios (smaller or greater) form random gaps that lead to somehow unpredictable hiding of information presence. We assume that in our technique it can modify bits, the change of which does not cause a visual modification detectable by human sight, so we do not limit ourselves to the least significant bit. The only assumption is that we do not use the position when the mask we define uses it. For simplicity’s sake, in this work we present its operation, features, using the Least Significant Bit (LSB) method. In the experimental part, we have implemented our method in the context of hiding image into the image. The LSB technique in its simplest form is not resistant to stegoanalisys, so we used the well-known LSB matching method to mask the presence of our steganographic key usage. To verify the resistance to stegoanalisys we have conducted and discussed Chi-square and LSB enhancement test. The positive features of our method include its simplicity and speed, to decode a message we need to hide, or pass to another channel, a several-bit mask, degree of indiscernibility and size of the hidden file. We hope that our method will find application in the art of creating steganographic keys.

scholarly journals A Safe and Secured Medical Textual Information Using an Improved LSB Image Steganography

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun ◽  
Oluwakemi Christiana Abikoye
Keyword(s):  
Medical Information ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Medical Information System ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Performance Metric ◽  
Challenging Tasks ◽  
Multimedia Technologies ◽  
Lsb Technique

Safe conveyance of medical data across unsecured networks nowadays is an essential issue in telemedicine. With the exponential growth of multimedia technologies and connected networks, modern healthcare is a huge step ahead. Authentication of a diagnostic image obtained from a specialist at a remote location which is from the sender is one of the most challenging tasks in an automated healthcare setup. Intruders were found to be able to efficiently exploit securely transmitted messages from previous literature since the algorithms were not efficient enough leading to distortion of information. Therefore, this study proposed a modified least significant bit (LSB) technique capable of protecting and hiding medical data to solve the crucial authentication issue. The application was executed and established by utilizing MATLAB 2018a, and it used a logical bit shift operation for execution. The investigational outcomes established that the proposed technique can entrench medical information without leaving a perceptible falsification in the stego image. The result of this implementation shows that the modified LSB image steganography outperformed the standard LSB technique with a higher PSNR value and lower MSE value when compared with previous research works. The number of shifts was added as a new performance metric for the proposed system. The study concluded that the proposed secured medical information system was evidenced to be proficient in secreting medical information and creating undetectable stego images with slight entrenching falsifications when likened to other prevailing approaches.

scholarly journals Optimal Image Steganography Content Destruction Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Siddeeq Y. Ameen ◽  
Muthana R. Al-Badrany
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Cosine Transform ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Hidden Information ◽  
Random Data ◽  
Cosine Transform ◽  
Wavelet Techniques ◽  
Lsb Technique

The paper presents two approaches for destroying steganogrphy content in an image. The first is the overwriting approach where a random data can be written again over steganographic images whereas the second approach is the denoising approach. With the second approach two kinds of destruction techniques have been adopted these are filtering and discrete wavelet techniques. These two approaches have been simulated and evaluated over two types of hiding techniques, Least Significant Bit LSB technique and Discrete Cosine Transform DCT technique. The results of the simulation show the capability of both approaches to destroy the hidden information without any alteration to the cover image except the denoising approach enhance the PSNR in any received image even without hidden information by an average of 4dB.

scholarly journals Improving the Reversible LSB Matching Scheme Based on the Likelihood Re-encoding Strategy

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Tzu-Chuen Lu ◽  
Ping-Chung Yang ◽  
Biswapati Jana
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Embedding Method ◽  
Lsb Matching ◽  
Dual Image ◽  
Frequency Occurrence ◽  
Encoding Strategy

In 2018, Tseng et al. proposed a dual-image reversible embedding method based on the modified Least Significant Bit matching (LSB matching) method. This method improved on the dual-image LSB matching method proposed by Lu et al. In Lu et al.’s scheme, there are seven situations that cannot be restored and need to be modified. Furthermore, the scheme uses two pixels to conceal four secret bits. The maximum modification of each pixel, in Lu et al.’s scheme, is two. To decrease the modification, Tseng et al. use one pixel to embed two secret bits and allow the maximum modification to decrease from two to one such that the image quality can be improved. This study enhances Tseng et al.’s method by re-encoding the modified rule table based on the probability of each hiding combination. The scheme analyzes the frequency occurrence of each combination and sets the lowest modified codes to the highest frequency case to significantly reduce the amount of modification. Experimental results show that better image quality is obtained using our method under the same amount of hiding payload.

scholarly journals Innovative Region Based Steganographic Technique to Provide Security and Authentication to Digital Image

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 3706-3710
Keyword(s):  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Lsb Technique ◽  
Intended Receiver

In this advanced world with the growing technology, the demand for security of information is needed in any communication streams of data which is being conveyance from host to intended host over the internet. Obviously, a huge & numerous amount of the data or the information are transferred in our everyday. So, the demand for securing information has become the main concern. Image Steganography is one of the important areas in the field of Steganography. The main purpose of steganography is to protect the surreptitious information from others except from intended receiver & by increasing the security of the covert data in the significant way that information can’t be revealed although the intruder knows the methodology of the embedding process. In this paper, The aim is to propose a different yet, an innovative steganographical technique which provides the security on our digital image, and by using a quality measuring technique like Mean Square Error(MSE), Peak Signal Noise Ratio (PSNR) which assure the quality of image has been not degraded even after infusing the covert data inside the image. So to overcome these issues, this paper, suggests a new method to maintain the quality of the image. After embedding the authenticated information in the cover image using Region-Based Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique that provides security of digital image

scholarly journals A New Digital Image Steganography Based on Center Embedded Pixel Positioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-104
Author(s):  
Dedi Darwis ◽  
Akmal Junaidi ◽  
Dewi Asiah Shofiana ◽  
Wamiliana
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Bottom Part ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Secret Image ◽  
Lsb Matching ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Sequential Cropping

Abstract In this study we propose a new approach to tackle the cropping problem in steganography which is called Center Embedded Pixel Positioning (CEPP) which is based on Least Significant Bit (LSB) Matching by setting the secret image in the center of the cover image. The evaluation of the experiment indicated that the secret image can be retrieved by a maximum of total 40% sequential cropping on the left, right, up, and bottom of the cover image. The secret image also can be retrieved if the total asymmetric cropping area is 25% that covered two sides (either left-right, left-up or right-up). In addition, the secret image can also be retrieved if the total asymmetric cropping area is 70% if the bottom part is included. If asymmetric cropping area included three sides, then the algorithm fails to retrieve the secret image. For cropping in the botom the secret image can be extracted up to 70%.

scholarly journals Image Steganography combined with Cryptography

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 976-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijaya Lakshmi Paruchuri ◽  
Dr.R. Sridevi ◽  
K.S. SadaSiva Rao
Keyword(s):  
Image Steganography ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Encrypted Image ◽  
Hidden Data ◽  
Audio Files ◽  
Lsb Technique ◽  
The Right

Steganography is the science of invisible communication. Apart from the sender and intended recipient no one suspects the existence of the message. Using Steganography, information can be hidden in various mediums known as carriers. The carriers can be images, audio files, video files and text files. Image Steganography is a technique of using an image file as a carrier. Cryptography protects the information by applying the encryption and decryption techniques, so that the secret message can be understood only by the right person.This paper proposes a method, which combines the techniques of Steganography and cryptography, to hide the secret data in an image. In the first phase, the sender will embed the secret data in an image by using the Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique. The embedded image will be encrypted by using an encryption algorithm. At final, the encrypted image will be decrypted and the hidden data will be retrieved by supplying the valid secret key by the receiver. The process includes the phases of Data embedding, Image Encryption and recovery of both original image and secret data from the encrypted image.

scholarly journals A combination of least significant bit and deflate compression for image steganography

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Huda Kadhim Tayyeh ◽  
Ahmed Sabah Ahmed AL-Jumaili
Keyword(s):  
Data Compression ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Huffman Coding ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Image Pixels ◽  
Lsb Technique

Steganography is one of the cryptography techniques where secret information can be hidden through multimedia files such as images and videos. Steganography can offer a way of exchanging secret and encrypted information in an untypical mechanism where communicating parties can only interpret the secret message. The literature has shown a great interest in the least significant bit (LSB) technique which aims at embedding the secret message bits into the most insignificant bits of the image pixels. Although LSB showed a stable performance of image steganography yet, many works should be done on the message part. This paper aims to propose a combination of LSB and Deflate compression algorithm for image steganography. The proposed Deflate algorithm utilized both LZ77 and Huffman coding. After compressing the message text, LSB has been applied to embed the text within the cover image. Using benchmark images, the proposed method demonstrated an outperformance over the state of the art. This can proof the efficacy of using Deflate as a data compression prior to the LSB embedding.

scholarly journals The use of Least Significant Bit (LSB) and Knight Tour Algorithm for image steganography of cover image

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 5218
Author(s):  
Soo Ann Nie ◽  
Ghazali Sulong ◽  
Rozniza Ali ◽  
Andrew Abel
Keyword(s):  
Cover Image ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Receiver Side ◽  
Test Image ◽  
Least Significant Bit ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lsb Technique

<span lang="EN-US">Steganography is one of the method to communicate in a hidden way. In another word, steganography literally means the practice of hiding messages or information within another data. Previous studies have proposed various steganography techniques using different approaches including Least Significant Bit (LSB), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). However, different approaches still have its own weaknesses. Therefore image stenography using Knight Tour Algorithm with Least Significant Bit (LSB) technique is presented. The main objective is to improve the security factor in the stego image. Basically, the proposed technique is divided into two parts which are the sender and receiver side. Then, steganalysis which is a type of attack on stenography algorithm is used to detect the secret message in the cover image by the statistical analysis of pixel values. Chi Square Statistical Attach which is one of the type of steganalysis is used to detect these near-equal Po Vs in images and bases the probability of embedding on how close to equal the even pixel values and their corresponding odd pixel values are in the test image. The Knight Tour Algorithm is applied due to the common Least Significant Bit technique that is weak in security and easily decoded by outsider.</span>

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