scholarly journals Association between Proton Pump Inhibitors and Hearing Impairment: A Nested Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
So Young Kim ◽  
Chang Ho Lee ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
Hyo Geun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Korean National Health Insurance ◽  
Nested Case Control

This study investigated the association of previous use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with the rate of hearing impairment. The ≥40-year-old population in the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort was enrolled. The 6626 registered hearing-impaired patients were matched with 508,240 control participants for age, sex, income, region of residence, and index date (date of hearing impairment diagnosis). The prescription histories of PPIs were collected for 2 years before the index date. The odds ratios of the duration of PPI use for hearing impairment were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Subgroups of age/sex and severity of hearing impairments were additionally analyzed for the relation of PPI use with hearing impairment. PPI use for 30–365 days was associated with a 1.65-times higher odds of hearing impairment (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.47–1.86 for 30–365 days of PPI medication). PPI use for ≥365 days was also related to 1.52-times higher odds of hearing impairment (95% CI = 1.35–1.72, p < 0.001). All age and sex subgroups demonstrated a positive association between PPI use and hearing impairment. Severe hearing impairment showed consistently higher odds of a relation with PPI use. PPI use was associated with an increased rate of hearing impairment.

scholarly journals Analyses of the Relation between BPPV and Thyroid Diseases: A Nested Case-Control Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Hyo Geun Choi ◽  
Young Shin Song ◽  
Jee Hye Wee ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Dae Myoung Yoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Korean National Health Insurance ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Background: This study investigated relationship between multiple thyroid disorders and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), adjusting for levothyroxine medication. Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort data from 2002 to 2015 were used. A total of 19,071 patients with BPPV were matched with 76,284 participants of a control group in a ratio of 1:4 for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The previous histories of thyroid disorders such as goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis were investigated in both the BPPV and control groups. The odds ratios (ORs) for BPPV in thyroid diseases were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses. Results: The histories of goiter (5.5% vs. 4.1%), hypothyroidism (4.7% vs. 3.7%), thyroiditis (2.1% vs. 1.6%), and hyperthyroidism (3.1% vs. 2.5%) were higher in the BPPV group than in the control group (all p < 0.001). Goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism were associated with BPPV (adjusted OR = 1.28 (95% CI = 1.17–1.39) for goiter, 1.23 (95% CI = 1.10–1.37) for hypothyroidism, 1.13 (95% CI = 1.02–1.26) for hyperthyroidism, each p < 0.05). Conclusions: BPPV was associated with thyroid disorders such as goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism.

scholarly journals Association of proton pump inhibitors and concomitant drugs with risk of acute kidney injury: a nested case–control study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e041543
Author(s):  
Keiko Ikuta ◽  
Shunsaku Nakagawa ◽  
Kenji Momo ◽  
Atsushi Yonezawa ◽  
Kotaro Itohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess whether the combined use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones) was associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI).DesignA nested case–control study.SettingA health insurance claims database constructed by the Japan Medical Data Center.ParticipantsPatients were eligible if they were prescribed a PPI, NSAID and antibiotic at least once between January 2005 and June 2017. The patients who were new PPI users and did not have any history of renal diseases before cohort entry were included (n=219 082). The mean age was 45 and 44% were women.InterventionsCurrent use of PPIs, NSAIDs, or antibiotics.Primary outcome measuresAcute kidney injury.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 2.4 (SD, 1.7) years, 317 cases of AKI were identified (incidence rate of 6.1/10 000 person-years). The current use of PPIs was associated with a higher risk of AKI compared with past PPI use (unadjusted OR, 4.09; 95% CI, 3.09 to 5.44). The unadjusted ORs of AKI for the current use of PPIs with NSAIDs, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, compared with the current use of PPIs alone, were 3.92 (95% CI, 2.40 to 6.52), 2.57 (1.43 to 4.62) and 3.08 (1.50 to 6.38), respectively. The effects of concurrent use of PPIs with NSAIDs, cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones remain significant in the adjusted model. The analyses on absolute risk of AKI confirmed the results from the nested case–control study.ConclusionsConcomitant use of NSAIDs with PPIs significantly increased the risk for AKI. Moreover, the results suggested that concomitant use of cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones with PPIs was associated with increased risk of incident AKI.

scholarly journals Obesity is positively related and tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are negatively related to an increased risk of thyroid cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Youn An ◽  
So Young Kim ◽  
Dong Jun Oh ◽  
Chanyang Min ◽  
Songyoung Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Korean National Health Insurance ◽  
Comorbidity Index

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity with thyroid cancer in Korean residents. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort includes individuals ≥ 40 years who were assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 4977 thyroid cancer participants were matched with respect to age, sex, income, and region of residence with 19,908 controls at a ratio of 1:4. Crude and adjusted (for the Charlson comorbidity index, smoking status, frequency of alcohol consumption, and obesity) odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed using conditional logistic regression analyses. Additionally, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The adjusted OR of smoking for thyroid cancer was 0.62 (95% CI 0.54–0.72, P < 0.001), and that of alcohol consumption was 0.83 (95% CI 0.75–0.92, P < 0.001). The adjusted ORs of the BMI categories were 1.13 (95% CI 1.05–1.22, P = 0.002) for obese I, and 1.24 (95% CI 1.04–1.47, P = 0.014) for obese II. The ORs of smoking and alcohol consumption were lower, and those of overweight and obesity were higher in thyroid cancer patients than in individuals in the control group.

scholarly journals Out-of-Hospital Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors and Hypomagnesemia at Hospital Admission: A Nested Case-Control Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 730-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Koulouridis ◽  
Mansour Alfayez ◽  
Hocine Tighiouart ◽  
Nicolaos E. Madias ◽  
David M. Kent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Hospital Use

scholarly journals GI2 DICLOFENAC-ASSOCIATED ULCER RISK IS REDUCED BY PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS: NESTED CASE CONTROL STUDY

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. A190
Author(s):  
A Höer ◽  
H Gothe ◽  
S Mangiapane ◽  
A Sterzel ◽  
U Grass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Exposure to airborne cadmium and breast cancer stage, grade and histology at diagnosis: findings from the E3N cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Amadou ◽  
Delphine Praud ◽  
Thomas Coudon ◽  
Aurélie M. N. Danjou ◽  
Elodie Faure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cadmium Exposure ◽  
Tubular Carcinoma ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Estrogenic Properties ◽  
Nested Case Control

AbstractMolecular studies suggest that cadmium due to its estrogenic properties, might play a role in breast cancer (BC) progression. However epidemiological evidence is limited. This study explored the association between long-term exposure to airborne cadmium and risk of BC by stage, grade of differentiation, and histological types at diagnosis. A nested case–control study of 4401 cases and 4401 matched controls was conducted within the French E3N cohort. A Geographic Information System (GIS)-based metric demonstrated to reliably characterize long-term environmental exposures was employed to evaluate airborne exposure to cadmium. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models. There was no relationship between cadmium exposure and stage of BC. Also, no association between cadmium exposure and grade of differentiation of BC was observed. However, further analyses by histological type suggested a positive association between cadmium and risk of invasive tubular carcinoma (ITC) BC [ORQ5 vs Q1 = 3.4 (95% CI 1.1–10.7)]. The restricted cubic spline assessment suggested a dose–response relationship between cadmium and ITC BC subtype. Our results do not support the hypothesis that airborne cadmium exposure may play a role in advanced BC risk, but suggest that cadmium may be associated with an increased risk of ITC.

Abstract 17246: Risk Factors for Major Bleeding Events in Rivaroxaban Users With Atrial Fibrillation: A Nested Case-control Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Tamayo ◽  
Jason Simeone ◽  
Beth Nordstrom ◽  
Manesh Patel ◽  
Zhong Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Major Bleeding ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Bleeding Events ◽  
Nested Case Control

Introduction: Rivaroxaban is a novel oral anticoagulant indicated to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Anticoagulation therapies carry a risk of major bleeding (MB), for which patient characteristics may play a role. Methods: Using data obtained from the Department of Defense (DoD), we examined risk factors for MB within a cohort of rivaroxaban-treated patients with NVAF using a nested case-control design. Cases with MB were selected by a validated claims-based algorithm that approximates the definition of MB used in clinical trials. Incidence density sampling was used to identify 5 controls without MB for each case. Controls had the same year of entry into the cohort and were at risk for a MB event at the time of each matched case’s event (index date). Potential risk factors for MB included demographic characteristics and comorbidities from the 12 months prior to the index date. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated from multivariable conditional logistic regression models to identify risk factors for bleeding. Results: Among 542 MB cases and 2,710 controls, MB cases were older and had more comorbidities (Table 1). Based on the multivariable modeling, increased age, anemia, prior gastrointestinal bleeding, heart failure, and vascular disease were identified as the strongest risk factors for MB (p<0.0001 for all). Conclusions: Several risk factors for MB were identified, although some findings may be affected by unmeasured confounding effects. These risk factors may assist in the development of clinical management strategies.

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