scholarly journals In-Depth Investigation of Low-Abundance Proteins in Matured and Filling Stages Seeds of Glycine max Employing a Combination of Protamine Sulfate Precipitation and TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomic Analysis

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheol Woo Min ◽  
Joonho Park ◽  
Jin Woo Bae ◽  
Ganesh Kumar Agrawal ◽  
Randeep Rakwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Differential Proteins ◽  
Seed Proteome ◽  
Abundance Proteins

Despite the significant technical advancements in mass spectrometry-based proteomics and bioinformatics resources, dynamic resolution of soybean seed proteome is still limited because of the high abundance of seed storage proteins (SSPs). These SSPs occupy a large proportion of the total seed protein and hinder the identification of low-abundance proteins. Here, we report a TMT-based quantitative proteome analysis of matured and filling stages seeds of high-protein (Saedanbaek) and low-protein (Daewon) soybean cultivars by application of a two-way pre-fractionation both at the levels of proteins (by PS) and peptides (by basic pH reverse phase chromatography). Interestingly, this approach led to the identification of more than 5900 proteins which is the highest number of proteins reported to date from soybean seeds. Comparative protein profiles of Saedanbaek and Daewon led to the identification of 2200 and 924 differential proteins in mature and filling stages seeds, respectively. Functional annotation of the differential proteins revealed enrichment of proteins related to major metabolism including amino acid, major carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. In parallel, analysis of free amino acids and fatty acids in the filling stages showed higher contents of all the amino acids in the Saedanbaek while the fatty acids contents were found to be higher in the Daewon. Taken together, these results provide new insights into proteome changes during filling stages in soybean seeds. Moreover, results reported here also provide a framework for systemic and large-scale dissection of seed proteome for the seeds rich in SSPs by two-way pre-fractionation combined with TMT-based quantitative proteome analysis.

scholarly journals Soybean Oil-Quality Variants Identified by Large-Scale Mutagenesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Subsequent Generation ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiling ◽  
Wide Range

To identify genetic variation for fatty acid composition in mature soybean seeds, 4566 M3generation seed samples from a chemically mutagenized population were subjected to fatty acid profiling by gas chromatography. In the population, a wide range of variation in the content for each of the five major fatty acids was observed. Seventy-nine lines were identified which contained significantly high or low levels of one of the five major soybean fatty acids. These lines were advanced to the subsequent generation. Of the 79 lines showing a variant fatty acid profile in the M3, 52 showed clear heritability for the oil composition in the seeds of the subsequent generation. These lines are likely to represent 52 distinct genetic mutations. These mutants may represent new loci involved in the determination of soybean seed oil content or could be new isolates or alleles of previously identified genetic variants for soybean oil composition.

Effects of location and planting time on physicochemical and nutritional characteristics of soybean seed

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reeti Goyal ◽  
Sucheta Sharma ◽  
B. S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Northwestern India ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Volume Swelling ◽  
Large Scale Cultivation

In the present study, twenty soybean genotypes were grown at two different growing locations <italic>viz.</italic> Ludhiana and Gurdaspur in Punjab, India and planting times <italic>viz.</italic> June and July in the year 2010 with the objective to study the effect of growing environments on physical and biochemical characteristics of soybean genotypes. All the genotypes exhibited higher protein, total sugars and sucrose content while significantly lower mean seed weight, volume, swelling and hydration capacities in July planting than in June planting both at Ludhiana and Gurdaspur. Genotypic (G), Locational (L), Planting time (T), GxL and GxT variations were highly significant for these characteristics. The results reported here show that physical and nutritional characteristics of soybean seeds can be altered by different environmental conditions and this information can be useful to select soybean genotypes for large scale cultivation in Punjab state of northwestern India.

scholarly journals Effects of Purple Seed Stain on Seed Quality and Composition in Soybean

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 993
Author(s):  
Richard E. Turner ◽  
M. Wayne Ebelhar ◽  
Teresa Wilkerson ◽  
Nacer Bellaloui ◽  
Bobby R. Golden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Infected Seed ◽  
Purple Seed Stain

Purple seed stain disease, caused by (Cercospora kukuchii), is a major concern in soybean (Glycine max (L.)) in Mississippi, USA, due to its effects on seed quality, reducing soybean seed grade and potential market price at elevators. Therefore, investigating the effects of purple seed stain (PSS) on seed quality (germination and vigor) and seed composition (nutrition) is critical. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of PSS on seed harvest index, seed germination, seed vigor, and seed composition components (protein, oil, fatty acids, and sugars). A field experiment was initiated in 2019 in Stoneville, MS, at the Delta Research and Extension Center (DREC) on a Commerce silt loam soil (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, nonacid, thermic Fluventic Epiaquepts). Soybean variety Credenz 4748 LL was used. The results showed that infected (symptomatic) seed had a 5.5% greater Seed Index (based on 100 seed weight) when compared to non-infected (non-symptomatic, as control) seed. Non-infected seed had greater percent germination and seedling vigor when compared to infected seed. Germination was 30.9% greater and vigor was 58.3% greater in non-infected seed. Also, the results showed that infected seed with PSS had higher protein content and some amino acids. No changes in total oil and fatty acids. Sucrose and stachyose were lower in infected seed than in non-infected seed. The research showed that PSS impacted seed health and seed quality (germination and vigor) and seed composition (protein, sugars, and some amino acids). Purple stained seed should be avoided when planting and should be managed properly as low germination is a potential risk. Planting population should be adjusted accordingly due to lack of germination and vigor if PSS is present. This research help growers for purple seed management, and scientists to further understand the potential negative impact on seed quality and nutrition. Further research is needed before conclusive recommendations are made.

Chemotaxis of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. to soybean seed exudates in vitro and in soil

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 570-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. M. Scher ◽  
J. W. Kloepper ◽  
C. A. Singleton
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
New Method ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Fluorescent Pseudomonas ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Five seed-colonizing fluorescent Pseudomonas strains (RW1 to RW5) exhibited chemotaxis toward soybean seed exudates in 1-μL capillaries held for 30 min in an 8.0 log colony-forming units/mL bacterial suspension over the temperature range of 9 to 41 °C. Dialysis (6000 molecular weight cut-off) of exudate nullified its attractiveness to RW1; heating (121 °C, 15 min) of exudate had no effect. Several amino acids present in exudate induced a chemotactic response by RW1, and asparagine, threonine, and valine at levels in exudate were as attractive as exudate. No chemotaxis by RW1 was observed toward sugars present in exudate. RW1 to RW5 actively migrated 1 cm toward soybean seeds in soil as demonstrated by a new method. A nonmotile mutant of RW3 did not migrate in soil and no significant migration by strains was observed when no seed or exudate was present. It is suggested that chemotaxis of Pseudomonas toward seed exudates may be the first step in establishment of bacterial seed and root colonization in soil.

scholarly journals Differential Impact of Salinity Stress on Seeds Minerals, Storage Proteins, Fatty Acids, and Squalene Composition of New Quinoa Genotype, Grown in Hyper-Arid Desert Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina N. Toderich ◽  
Azimjon A. Mamadrahimov ◽  
Botir B. Khaitov ◽  
Aziz A. Karimov ◽  
Azamjon A. Soliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

The effects of climate change and soil salinization on dryland ecosystems are already widespread, and ensuring food security is a crucial challenge. In this article, we demonstrate changes in growth performance and seed quality of a new high-yielding quinoa genotype (Q5) exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), and mixed salts (NaCl + Na2SO4). Differential responses to salt stress in growth performance, seed yield, and seed quality were identified. High salinity (mixed Na2SO4 + NaCl) reduces plant height by ∼30%, shoot and root dry weights by ∼29%, head panicle length and panicle weight by 36–43%, and seed yield by 37%, compared with control conditions. However, the 1,000-seed weight changes insignificantly under salinity. High content of essential minerals, such as Fe, Zn, and Ca in quinoa Q5 seeds produced under salinity, gives the Q5 genotype a remarkable advantage for human consumption. Biomarkers detected in our studies show that the content of most essential amino acids is unchanged under salinity. The content of amino acids Pro, Gly, and Ile positively correlates with Na+ concentration in soil and seeds, whereas the content of squalene and most fatty acids negatively correlates. Variation in squalene content under increasing salinity is most likely due to toxic effects of sodium and chlorine ions as a result of the decrease in membrane permeability for ion movement as a protective reaction to an increase in the sodium ion concentration. Low squalene accumulation might also occur to redirect the NADPH cofactor to enhance the biosynthesis of proline in response to salinity, as both syntheses (squalene and proline) require NADPH. This evidence can potentially be used by the food and pharmaceutical industries in the development of new food and health products.

1010-P: Effects of MEDI0382, an Oxyntomodulin-Like Peptide with Targeted GLP-1/Glucagon Receptor Activity, on Amino Acids, Ketones, and Free Fatty Acids

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1010-P
Author(s):  
VICTORIA E. PARKER ◽  
DARREN ROBERTSON ◽  
TAO WANG ◽  
DAVID C. HORNIGOLD ◽  
MAXIMILIAN G. POSCH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Receptor Activity ◽  
Glucagon Receptor

Exogenous Directing Group Free, Ligand-Enabled gamma-C(sp3)–H Arylation of Free Primary Aliphatic Amines and α-Amino Esters

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzheng Ding ◽  
Shuai Fan ◽  
Xiaoxi Chen ◽  
yuzhen gao ◽  
Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Free Ligand ◽  
Aliphatic Amines ◽  
Rapid Synthesis ◽  
Amino Esters ◽  
Directing Group ◽  
Large Scale Synthesis ◽  
Primary Aliphatic Amines

A Pdᴵᴵ-catalyzed, ligand-enabled gamma-C(sp3)–H arylation of free primary aliphatic amines and amino esters without using an exogenous directing group is reported. This reaction is compatible with unhindered free aliphatic amines, and it is also be applicable to the rapid synthesis of biologically and synthetically valuable unnatural α-amino acids. Large scale synthesis is also feasible using this method.<br>

Enzymatic Synthesis of 15N-L-aspartic Acid Using Recombinant Aspartase from Escherichia Coli K12

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia Lupan ◽  
Sergiu Chira ◽  
Maria Chiriac ◽  
Nicolae Palibroda ◽  
Octavian Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Synthesis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Industrial Enzymes ◽  
Recombinant Dna Technology ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Natural Protein ◽  
Novel Method

Amino acids are obtained by bacterial fermentation, extraction from natural protein or enzymatic synthesis from specific substrates. With the introduction of recombinant DNA technology, it has become possible to apply more rational approaches to enzymatic synthesis of amino acids. Aspartase (L-aspartate ammonia-lyase) catalyzes the reversible deamination of L-aspartic acid to yield fumaric acid and ammonia. It is one of the most important industrial enzymes used to produce L-aspartic acid on a large scale. Here we described a novel method for [15N] L-aspartic synthesis from fumarate and ammonia (15NH4Cl) using a recombinant aspartase.

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