scholarly journals Metabolome Profiling Supports the Key Role of the Spike in Wheat Yield Performance

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025
Author(s):  
Omar Vergara-Diaz ◽  
Thomas Vatter ◽  
Rubén Vicente ◽  
Toshihiro Obata ◽  
Maria Teresa Nieto-Taladriz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Response To Water

Although the relevance of spike bracts in stress acclimation and contribution to wheat yield was recently revealed, the metabolome of this organ and its response to water stress is still unknown. The metabolite profiles of flag leaves, glumes and lemmas were characterized under contrasting field water regimes in five durum wheat cultivars. Water conditions during growth were characterized through spectral vegetation indices, canopy temperature and isotope composition. Spike bracts exhibited better coordination of carbon and nitrogen metabolisms than the flag leaves in terms of photorespiration, nitrogen assimilation and respiration paths. This coordination facilitated an accumulation of organic and amino acids in spike bracts, especially under water stress. The metabolomic response to water stress also involved an accumulation of antioxidant and drought tolerance related sugars, particularly in the spikes. Furthermore, certain cell wall, respiratory and protective metabolites were associated with genotypic outperformance and yield stability. In addition, grain yield was strongly predicted by leaf and spike bracts metabolomes independently. This study supports the role of the spike as a key organ during wheat grain filling, particularly under stress conditions and provides relevant information to explore new ways to improve wheat productivity including potential biomarkers for yield prediction.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF FLAG LEAVES AND AWNS IN THE FORMATION OF WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY (REVIEW)

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Gromova ◽  
P. I. Kostylev
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Genetic System ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Yield ◽  
Yield Formation

The article presents the results of the conducted analysis of research works about the effect of size of flag leaves and awns on winter wheat productivity. The genetic potential of the variety, which can be realized on the basis of its biologic characteristics largely influences on its productivity. Productivity is a complex trait that is controlled by a complex genetic system closely connected with many factors of environment. The size and duration of assimilation surface are the most important components of biologic and agricultural yield of wheat. Many researchers showed that the amount and duration of photosynthesis by leaf surface are the main factors limiting productivity in the definite conditions of growing, and the size of leaf surface correlates with grain productivity. Photosynthetic parts of winter wheat include not only leaves, but also stems, heads, awns, etc. The conducted analysis of the literature showed that there is no consensus on the effect of flag leaves on wheat yield formation. Therefore it’s necessary to fulfill the study and evaluation of the part of flag leaves and awns in the formation of winter soft wheat productivity in the Rostov region.

Harvest index combined with impaired N availability constrains the responsiveness of durum wheat to elevated CO2 concentration and terminal water stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorka Erice ◽  
Alvaro Sanz-Sáez ◽  
Amadeo Urdiain ◽  
Jose L. Araus ◽  
Juan José Irigoyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Elevated Co2 Concentration

Despite its relevance, few studies to date have analysed the role of harvest index (HI) in the responsiveness of wheat (Triticum spp.) to elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) under limited water availability. The goal of the present work was to characterise the role of HI in the physiological responsiveness of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) exposed to elevated [CO2] and terminal (i.e. during grain filling) water stress. For this purpose, the performance of wheat plants with high versus low HI (cvv. Sula and Blanqueta, respectively) was assessed under elevated [CO2] (700 μmol mol–1 vs 400 μmol mol–1 CO2) and terminal water stress (imposed after ear emergence) in CO2 greenhouses. Leaf carbohydrate build-up combined with limitations in CO2 diffusion (in droughted plants) limited the responsiveness to elevated [CO2] in both cultivars. Elevated [CO2] only increased wheat yield in fully watered Sula plants, where its larger HI prevented an elevated accumulation of total nonstructural carbohydrates. It is likely that the putative shortened grain filling period in plants exposed to water stress also limited the responsiveness of plants to elevated [CO2]. In summary, our study showed that even under optimal water availability conditions, only plants with a high HI responded to elevated [CO2] with increased plant growth, and that terminal drought constrained the responsiveness of wheat plants to elevated [CO2].

scholarly journals Rice Flag Leaf Physiology, Organ and Canopy Temperature in Response to Water Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Yan ◽  
Heyun Chen ◽  
Tianyun Fan ◽  
Yifeng Huang ◽  
Shouwu Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Leaf Physiology ◽  
Response To Water

Canopy temperature depression at grain filling correlates to winter wheat yield in the U.S. Southern High Plains

2018 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil Thapa ◽  
Kirk E. Jessup ◽  
Gautam P. Pradhan ◽  
Jackie C. Rudd ◽  
Shuyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Southern High Plains ◽  
Canopy Temperature Depression ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Temperature Depression ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Integration of vegetation indices into a water balance model to estimate evapotranspiration of wheat and corn

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 8631-8659
Author(s):  
F. L. M. Padilla ◽  
M. P. González-Dugo ◽  
P. Gavilán ◽  
J. Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Plant Canopies ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract. Vegetation indices (VIs) have been traditionally used for quantitative monitoring of vegetation. Remotely sensed radiometric measurements of visible and infrared solar energy, which is reflected or emitted by plant canopies, can be used to obtain rapid, non-destructive estimates of certain canopy attributes and parameters. One parameter of special interest for water management applications, is the crop coefficient employed by the FAO-56 model to derive actual crop evapotranspiration (ET). The aim of this study was to evaluate a methodology that combines the basal crop coefficient derived from VIs with a daily soil water balance in the root zone to estimate daily evapotranspiration rates for corn and wheat crops at field scale. The ability of the model to trace water stress in these crops was also assessed. Vegetation indices were first retrieved from field hand-held radiometer measurements and then from Landsat 5 and 7 satellite images. The results of the model were validated using two independent measurement systems for ET and regular soil moisture monitoring, in order to evaluate the behavior of the soil and atmosphere components of the model. ET estimates were compared with latent heat flux measured by an eddy covariance system and with weighing lysimeter measurements. Average overestimates of daily ET of 8 and 11% were obtained for corn and wheat, respectively, with good agreement between the estimated and measured root-zone water deficit for both crops when field radiometry was employed. Satellite remote-sensing inputs overestimated ET by 4 to 9%, showing a non-significant lost of accuracy when the satellite sensor data replaced the field radiometry data. The model was also used to monitor the water stress during the 2009 growing season, detecting several periods of water stress in both crops. Some of these stresses occurred during stages like grain filling, when the water stress is know to have a negative effect on yield. This fact could explain the lower yield reached compared to local yield statistics for wheat and corn. The results showed that the model can be used to calculate the water requirements of these crops in irrigated areas and that its ability to monitor water stress deserves further research.

scholarly journals Integration of vegetation indices into a water balance model to estimate evapotranspiration of wheat and corn

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1213-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. M. Padilla ◽  
M. P. González-Dugo ◽  
P. Gavilán ◽  
J. Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Plant Canopies ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract. Vegetation indices (VIs) have been traditionally used for quantitative monitoring of vegetation. Remotely sensed radiometric measurements of visible and infrared solar energy, which is reflected or emitted by plant canopies, can be used to obtain rapid, non-destructive estimates of certain canopy attributes and parameters. One parameter of special interest for water management applications, is the crop coefficient employed by the FAO-56 model to derive actual crop evapotranspiration (ET). The aim of this study was to evaluate a methodology that combines the basal crop coefficient derived from VIs with a daily soil water balance in the root zone to estimate daily evapotranspiration rates for corn and wheat crops at field scale. The ability of the model to trace water stress in these crops was also assessed. Vegetation indices were first retrieved from field hand-held radiometer measurements and then from Landsat 5 and 7 satellite images. The results of the model were validated using two independent measurement systems for ET and regular soil moisture monitoring, in order to evaluate the behavior of the soil and atmosphere components of the model. ET estimates were compared with latent heat flux measured by an eddy covariance system and with weighing lysimeter measurements. Average overestimates of daily ET of 8 and 11% were obtained for corn and wheat, respectively, with good agreement between the estimated and measured root-zone water deficit for both crops when field radiometry was employed. When the satellite sensor data replaced the field radiometry data the overestimation figures slightly changed to 9 and 6% for the same two crops. The model was also used to monitor the water stress during the 2009 growing season, detecting several periods of water stress in both crops. Some of these stresses occurred during stages like grain filling, when the water stress is know to have a negative effect on yield. This fact could explain the lower yield reached compared to local yield statistics for wheat and corn. The results showed that the model can be used to calculate the water requirements of these crops in irrigated areas and that its ability to monitor water stress deserves further research.

scholarly journals Role of leaf hydraulic conductance in the regulation of stomatal conductance in almond and olive in response to water stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Hernandez-Santana ◽  
Celia M. Rodriguez-Dominguez ◽  
J. Enrique Fernández ◽  
Antonio Diaz-Espejo
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Leaf Hydraulic Conductance ◽  
Response To Water

Canopy Temperature Response to Water Stress under Partial Canopy

1985 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1607-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Hatfield ◽  
D. F. Wanjura ◽  
G. L. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Response To Water
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document