scholarly journals Molecular Chaperones in Cancer Stem Cells: Determinants of Stemness and Potential Targets for Antitumor Therapy

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kabakov ◽  
Anna Yakimova ◽  
Olga Matchuk
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Molecular Chaperones ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor ◽  
Heat Shock Factor 1 ◽  
Disulfide Isomerases ◽  
Cell Fractions ◽  
Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerases

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a great challenge in the fight against cancer because these self-renewing tumorigenic cell fractions are thought to be responsible for metastasis dissemination and cases of tumor recurrence. In comparison with non-stem cancer cells, CSCs are known to be more resistant to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Elucidation of mechanisms and factors that promote the emergence and existence of CSCs and their high resistance to cytotoxic treatments would help to develop effective CSC-targeting therapeutics. The present review is dedicated to the implication of molecular chaperones (protein regulators of polypeptide chain folding) in both the formation/maintenance of the CSC phenotype and cytoprotective machinery allowing CSCs to survive after drug or radiation exposure and evade immune attack. The major cellular chaperones, namely heat shock proteins (HSP90, HSP70, HSP40, HSP27), glucose-regulated proteins (GRP94, GRP78, GRP75), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1), peptidyl-prolyl isomerases, protein disulfide isomerases, calreticulin, and also a transcription heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) initiating HSP gene expression are here considered as determinants of the cancer cell stemness and potential targets for a therapeutic attack on CSCs. Various approaches and agents are discussed that may be used for inhibiting the chaperone-dependent development/manifestations of cancer cell stemness.

scholarly journals Targeting multiple genes containing long mononucleotide A-T repeats in lung cancer stem cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narumol Bhummaphan ◽  
Piyapat Pin-on ◽  
Preeyaporn Plaimee Phiboonchaiyanan ◽  
Jirattha Siriluksana ◽  
Chatchawit Aporntewan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Repeat Sequence ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Multiple Genes ◽  
Lung Cancer Stem Cells

Abstract Background Intratumour heterogeneous gene expression among cancer and cancer stem cells (CSCs) can cause failure of current targeted therapies because each drug aims to target the function of a single gene. Long mononucleotide A-T repeats are cis-regulatory transcriptional elements that control many genes, increasing the expression of numerous genes in various cancers, including lung cancer. Therefore, targeting A-T repeats may dysregulate many genes driving cancer development. Here, we tested a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) oligo containing a long A-repeat sequence [A(15)] to disrupt the transcriptional control of the A-T repeat in lung cancer and CSCs. Methods First, we separated CSCs from parental lung cancer cell lines. Then, we evaluated the role of A-T repeat gene regulation by counting the number of repeats in differentially regulated genes between CSCs and the parental cells of the CSCs. After testing the dosage and effect of PNA-A15 on normal and cancer cell toxicity and CSC phenotypes, we analysed genome-wide expression to identify dysregulated genes in CSCs. Results The number of A-T repeats in genes differentially regulated between CSCs and parental cells differed. PNA-A15 was toxic to lung cancer cells and CSCs but not to noncancer cells. Finally, PNA-A15 dysregulated a number of genes in lung CSCs. Conclusion PNA-A15 is a promising novel targeted therapy agent that targets the transcriptional control activity of multiple genes in lung CSCs.

scholarly journals Cancer stem cells and cisplatin‐resistant cells isolated from non‐small‐lung cancer cell lines constitute related cell populations

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1099-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca D. Lopez‐Ayllon ◽  
Veronica Moncho‐Amor ◽  
Ander Abarrategi ◽  
Inmaculada Ibañez Cáceres ◽  
Javier Castro‐Carpeño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell ◽  
Related Cell ◽  
Resistant Cells

scholarly journals Erratum: Corrigendum: Bub1 is required for maintaining cancer stem cells in breast cancer cell lines

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Yoon Han ◽  
Yu Kyeong Han ◽  
Ga-Young Park ◽  
Sung Dae Kim ◽  
Chang Geun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines

scholarly journals Cancer cell reprogramming to identify the genes competent for generating liver cancer stem cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenly Wuputra ◽  
Chang-Shen Lin ◽  
Ming-Ho Tsai ◽  
Chia-Chen Ku ◽  
Wen-Hsin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cell Reprogramming ◽  
Liver Cancer Stem Cells
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