scholarly journals Ecklonia stolonifera Extract Suppresses Lipid Accumulation by Promoting Lipolysis and Adipose Browning in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Male Mice

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heegu Jin ◽  
Kippeum Lee ◽  
Sungwoo Chei ◽  
Hyun-Ji Oh ◽  
Kang-Pyo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Ecklonia Stolonifera ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Pr Domain ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1

Obesity develops due to an energy imbalance and manifests as the storage of excess triglyceride (TG) in white adipose tissue (WAT). Recent studies have determined that edible natural materials can reduce lipid accumulation and promote browning in WAT. We aimed to determine whether Ecklonia stolonifera extract (ESE) would increase the energy expenditure in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 cells by upregulating lipolysis and browning. ESE is an edible brown marine alga that belongs to the family Laminariaceae and contains dieckol, a phlorotannin. We report that ESE inhibits body mass gain by regulating the expression of proteins involved in adipogenesis and lipogenesis. In addition, ESE activates protein kinase A (PKA) and increases the expression of lipolytic enzymes including adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase (p-HSL), and monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) and also thermogenic genes, such as carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), PR domain-containing 16 (PRDM16), and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). These findings indicate that ESE may represent a promising natural means of preventing obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Ishige okamurae Extract Suppresses Obesity and Hepatic Steatosis in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Jin Seo ◽  
Kippeum Lee ◽  
Ji-Hyeon Song ◽  
Sungwoo Chei ◽  
Boo-Yong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Ishige Okamurae

Obesity is caused by the expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT), which stores excess triacylglycerol (TG), this can lead to disorders including type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, metabolic diseases. Ishige okamurae extract (IOE) is prepared from a brown alga and has anti-oxidative properties. We investigated the detailed mechanisms of the anti-obesity activity of IOE. Treatment with IOE blocked lipid accumulation by reducing expression of key adipogenic transcription factors, such as CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), in 3T3-L1 cells. Administration of IOE to high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice inhibited body and WAT mass gain, attenuated fasting hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. The obesity suppression was associated with reductions in expression of adipogenic proteins, such as C/EBPα and PPARγ, increases in expression of lipolytic enzymes, such as adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), in WAT of HFD-fed mice. In addition, IOE-treated mice had lower hepatic TG content, associated with lower protein expression of lipogenic genes, such as diglyceride acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), fatty acid synthase (FAS). IOE treatment also reduced serum free fatty acid concentration, probably through the upregulation of β-oxidation genes, suggested by increases in AMPKα and CPT1 expression in WAT and liver. In summary, IOE ameliorates HFD-induced obesity and its related metabolic disease, hepatic steatosis, by regulating multiple pathways.

scholarly journals 3,5-Diiodo-L-Thyronine Exerts Metabolically Favorable Effects on Visceral Adipose Tissue of Rats Receiving a High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Silvestri ◽  
Rosalba Senese ◽  
Federica Cioffi ◽  
Rita De Matteis ◽  
Davide Lattanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Reduced Representation ◽  
Resting Metabolism ◽  
Adipocyte Volume

When administered to rats receiving a high-fat diet (HFD), 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (3,5-T2) [at a dose of 25 μg/100 g body weight (BW)] is known to increase energy expenditure and to prevent HFD-induced adiposity. Here, we investigated which cellular and molecular processes in visceral white adipose tissue (VAT) contributed to the beneficial effect of 3,5-T2 over time (between 1 day and 4 weeks following administration). 3,5-T2 programmed the adipocyte for lipolysis by rapidly inducing hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) phosphorylation at the protein kinase A-responsive site Ser563, accompanied with glycerol release at the 1-week time-point, contributing to the partial normalization of adipocyte volume with respect to control (N) animals. After two weeks, when the adipocyte volumes of HFD-3,5-T2 rats were completely normalized to those of the controls (N), 3,5-T2 consistently induced HSL phosphorylation at Ser563, indicative of a combined effect of 3,5-T2-induced adipose lipolysis and increasing non-adipose oxidative metabolism. VAT proteome analysis after 4 weeks of treatment revealed that 3,5-T2 significantly altered the proteomic profile of HFD rats and produced a marked pro-angiogenic action. This was associated with a reduced representation of proteins involved in lipid storage or related to response to oxidative stress, and a normalization of the levels of those involved in lipogenesis-associated mitochondrial function. In conclusion, the prevention of VAT mass-gain by 3,5-T2 occurred through different molecular pathways that, together with the previously reported stimulation of resting metabolism and liver fatty acid oxidation, are associated with an anti adipogenic/lipogenic potential and positively impact on tissue health.

scholarly journals The Crude Extract fromPuerariaeFlower Exerts Antiobesity and Antifatty Liver Effects in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyasu Kamiya ◽  
Mayu Sameshima-Kamiya ◽  
Rika Nagamine ◽  
Masahito Tsubata ◽  
Motoya Ikeguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Brown Adipose

Kudzu, a leguminous plant, has long been used in folk medicine. In particular, its flowers are used in Japanese and Chinese folk medicine for treating hangovers. We focused on the flower of Kudzu (Puerariae thomsonii), and we previously reported the antiobesity effect ofPuerariae thomsoniiflower extract (PFE) in humans. In this study, we conducted an animal study to investigate the effect of PFE on visceral fat and hepatic lipid levels in mice with diet-induced obesity. In addition, we focused on gene expression profiles to investigate the antiobesity mechanism of PFE. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or an HFD supplemented with 5% PFE for 14 days. PFE supplementation significantly reduced body weight and white adipose tissue (WAT) weight. Moreover, in the histological analysis, PFE supplementation improved fatty liver. Hepatic reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that PFE supplementation downregulated acetyl-CoA carboxylase expression. For adipose tissue, the expressions of hormone-sensitive lipase in WAT and uncoupling protein 1 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) were significantly upregulated. These results suggest that PFE exerts antiobesity and antifatty liver effects in high-fat diet-induced obese mice through suppressing lipogenesis in the liver, stimulating lipolysis in WAT, and promoting thermogenesis in BAT.

scholarly journals Deficiency of Cathelicidin Attenuates High-Fat Diet Plus Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury through FGF21/Adiponectin Regulation

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3333
Author(s):  
Fengyuan Li ◽  
Jenny Chen ◽  
Yunhuan Liu ◽  
Zelin Gu ◽  
Mengwei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Brown Adipose

Alcohol consumption and obesity are known risk factors of steatohepatitis. Here, we report that the deficiency of CRAMP (cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide—gene name: Camp) is protective against a high-fat diet (HFD) plus acute alcohol (HFDE)-induced liver injury. HFDE markedly induced liver injury and steatosis in WT mice, which were attenuated in Camp–/– mice. Neutrophil infiltration was lessened in the liver of Camp–/– mice. HFDE feeding dramatically increased epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) mass and induced adipocyte hypertrophy in WT mice, whereas these effects were attenuated by the deletion of Camp. Furthermore, Camp–/– mice had significantly increased eWAT lipolysis, evidenced by up-regulated expression of lipolytic enzymes, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL). The depletion of Camp also increased uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent thermogenesis in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of mice. HFDE fed Camp–/– mice had elevated protein levels of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in the eWAT, with an increased adiponectin production, which had been shown to alleviate hepatic fat deposition and inflammation. Collectively, we have demonstrated that Camp–/– mice are protected against HFD plus alcohol-induced liver injury and steatosis through FGF21/adiponectin regulation. Targeting CRAMP could be an effective approach for prevention/treatment of high-fat diet plus alcohol consumption-induced steatohepatitis.

scholarly journals Sesamol Increases Ucp1 Expression in White Adipose Tissues and Stimulates Energy Expenditure in High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Ho Lee ◽  
Seo-Hyuk Chang ◽  
Dong Kwon Yang ◽  
No-Joon Song ◽  
Ui Jeong Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Ucp1 Expression ◽  
Nrf2 Activator

Sesamol found in sesame oil has been shown to ameliorate obesity by regulating lipid metabolism. However, its effects on energy expenditure and the underlying molecular mechanism have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we show that sesamol increased the uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1) expression in adipocytes. The administration of sesamol in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice prevented weight gain and improved metabolic derangements. The three-week sesamol treatment of HFD-fed mice, when the body weights were not different between the sesamol and control groups, increased energy expenditure, suggesting that an induced energy expenditure is a primary contributing factor for sesamol’s anti-obese effects. Consistently, sesamol induced the expression of energy-dissipating thermogenic genes, including Ucp1, in white adipose tissues. The microarray analysis showed that sesamol dramatically increased the Nrf2 target genes such as Hmox1 and Atf3 in adipocytes. Moreover, 76% (60/79 genes) of the sesamol-induced genes were also regulated by tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), a known Nrf2 activator. We further verified that sesamol directly activated the Nrf2-mediated transcription. In addition, the Hmox1 and Ucp1 induction by sesamol was compromised in Nrf2-deleted cells, indicating the necessity of Nrf2 in the sesamol-mediated Ucp1 induction. Together, these findings demonstrate the effects of sesamol in inducing Ucp1 and in increasing energy expenditure, further highlighting the use of the Nrf2 activation in stimulating thermogenic adipocytes and in increasing energy expenditure in obesity and its related metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals OR-033 Alterations in Inflammatory Markers and Hepatic Lipid Accumulation following Dietary and Exercise Intervention of Obese Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Juan Wei ◽  
Xia Huang ◽  
Lei Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Mass Gain ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Serum Inflammatory Markers

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of diet and different exercise training: High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Continuous Training (CT) on body mass gain, serum inflammatory markers and hepatic lipid accumulation of obese rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with a normal standard diet (N) or a high fat diet (H; 45% kcal as fat) for eight weeks without exercise stimuli. Obese rats were defined as increased at least 20% body weight than normal diet rats. After this period, N rats were continue fed with a normal diet (N), and half of obese rats were fed with a normal diet (ON), while the other half were continue fed with a high-fat diet (OH). Each diet type group was then divided into three subgroups, control (NC, ONC, OHC groups), High Intensity Interval training (NHI, ONHI, OHHI groups) and Continuous Training (NCT, ONCT, OHCT groups) (n=10). The interval and continuous straining consisted of a swimming exercise performed over eight weeks. Body weight, serum inflammatory markers, plasma and liver lipid concentrations were measured. Results Obese high fat diet rats showed greater body mass gain, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass, serum low density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and serum inflammatory markers（MCP-1、IL-1β、TNF-α）in values than normal diet rats (OHC versus NC). In contrast, for the obese normal diet rats, no significantly difference was observed compared with normal diet rats on VAT weight, serum lipids, inflammatory markers except MCP-1 (ONC versus NC). On the other hand, the trained groups of obese high fat diet rats showed lower values of body and VAT weight, serum lipids, inflammatory markers levels compared with the OHC group and CT showed more remarkable effect than HIIT except on VAT weight, serum IL-1β levels (OHHI versus OHC and OHCT versus OHC). However, the significantly positive effect of CT on obese normal diet rats was only observed on serum TG, LDL and MCP-1 levels (ONCT versus ONC). In addition, compared to normal rats, hepatic wet weight (HWW)，liver triglycerides (TG) in the OHC group presented obvious high level (OHC versus NC), no differences were exhibited between ONC and NC groups. Interestingly, HIIT but not CT significantly deceased liver TG content compared with OHC group (OHHI versus OHC and OHCT versus OHC), which consistent with liver oil red O stain images as well as higher hepatic CPT-1 level. Conclusions Both training methodologies were shown to be effective in controlling body mass gain and adiposity levels in high-fat diet fed obese rats, HIIT displayed more positive effect on hepatic lipid accumulation. Additionally, diet and exercise was more effective than exercise alone in reducing body weight, VAT mass, serum inflammatory and liver TG content.

Uridine attenuates obesity, ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation and modifies the gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilin Liu ◽  
Chunyan Xie ◽  
Zhenya Zhai ◽  
Ze-yuan Deng ◽  
Hugo R. De Jonge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

This study aimed to investigate the effect of uridine on obesity, fat accumulation in liver, and gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-fed mice.

scholarly journals Extract of Wax Gourd Peel Prevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in C57BL/6 Mice via the Inhibition of the PPARγPathway

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Gu ◽  
Shengjie Fan ◽  
Gaigai Liu ◽  
Lu Guo ◽  
Xiaobo Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Wax Gourd

Wax gourd is a popular vegetable in East Asia. In traditional Chinese medicine, wax gourd peel is used to prevent and treat metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. However, there is no experimental evidence to support these applications. Here, we examined the effect of the extract of wax gourd peel (EWGP) on metabolic disorders in diet-induced C57BL/6 obese mice. In the preventive experiment, EWGP blocked body weight gain and lowered serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), liver TG and TC contents, and fasting blood glucose in mice fed with a high-fat diet. In the therapeutic study, we induced obesity in the mice and treated with EWGP for two weeks. We found that EWGP treatment reduced serum and liver triglyceride (TG) contents and fasting blood glucose and improved glucose tolerance in the mice. Reporter assay and gene expression analysis showed that EWGP could inhibit peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ) transactivities and could decrease mRNA levels of PPARγand its target genes. We also found that HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) was downregulated in the mouse liver by EWGP. Our data suggest that EWGP lowers hyperlipidemia of C57BL/6 mice induced by high-fat diet via the inhibition of PPARγand HMGCR signaling.

scholarly journals Chronic High Fat Diet Intake Impairs Hepatic Metabolic Parameters in Ovariectomized Sirt3 KO Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4277
Author(s):  
Marija Pinterić ◽  
Iva I. Podgorski ◽  
Marijana Popović Hadžija ◽  
Ivana Tartaro Bujak ◽  
Ana Tadijan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Female Mice

High fat diet (HFD) is an important factor in the development of metabolic diseases, with liver as metabolic center being highly exposed to its influence. However, the effect of HFD-induced metabolic stress with respect to ovary hormone depletion and sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) is not clear. Here we investigated the effect of Sirt3 in liver of ovariectomized and sham female mice upon 10 weeks of feeding with standard-fat diet (SFD) or HFD. Liver was examined by Folch, gas chromatography and lipid hydroperoxide analysis, histology and oil red staining, RT-PCR, Western blot, antioxidative enzyme and oxygen consumption analyses. In SFD-fed WT mice, ovariectomy increased Sirt3 and fatty acids synthesis, maintained mitochondrial function, and decreased levels of lipid hydroperoxides. Combination of ovariectomy and Sirt3 depletion reduced pparα, Scd-1 ratio, MUFA proportions, CII-driven respiration, and increased lipid damage. HFD compromised CII-driven respiration and activated peroxisomal ROS scavenging enzyme catalase in sham mice, whereas in combination with ovariectomy and Sirt3 depletion, increased body weight gain, expression of NAFLD- and oxidative stress-inducing genes, and impaired response of antioxidative system. Overall, this study provides evidence that protection against harmful effects of HFD in female mice is attributed to the combined effect of female sex hormones and Sirt3, thus contributing to preclinical research on possible sex-related therapeutic agents for metabolic syndrome and associated diseases.

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