scholarly journals Characterization of Sialic Acid-Binding Immunoglobulin-Type Lectins in Fish Reveals Teleost-Specific Structures and Expression Patterns

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 836
Author(s):  
Kim F. Bornhöfft ◽  
Joan Martorell Ribera ◽  
Torsten Viergutz ◽  
Marzia T. Venuto ◽  
Ulrike Gimsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Sander Lucioperca ◽  
Handling Stress ◽  
Sialic Acid Binding ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Myelin Associated Glycoprotein

The cellular glycocalyx of vertebrates is frequently decorated with sialic acid residues. These sialylated structures are recognized by sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins (Siglecs) of immune cells, which modulate their responsiveness. Fifteen Siglecs are known to be expressed in humans, but only four Siglecs are regularly present in fish: Siglec1, CD22, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), and Siglec15. While several studies have dealt with the physiological roles of these four Siglecs in mammals, little is known about Siglecs in fish. In the present manuscript, the expression landscapes of these Siglecs were determined in the two salmonid species Oncorhynchus mykiss and Coregonus maraena and in the percid fish Sander lucioperca. This gene-expression profiling revealed that the expression of MAG is not restricted to neuronal cells but is detectable in all analyzed blood cells, including erythrocytes. The teleostean MAG contains the inhibitory motif ITIM; therefore, an additional immunomodulatory function of MAG is likely to be present in fish. Besides MAG, Siglec1, CD22, and Siglec15 were also expressed in all analyzed blood cell populations. Interestingly, the expression profiles of genes encoding Siglecs and particular associated enzymes changed in a gene- and tissue-specific manner when Coregonus maraena was exposed to handling stress. Thus, the obtained data indicate once more that stress directly affects immune-associated processes.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of theLRR-RLKGene Family in TwoVerniciaSpecies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiping Zhu ◽  
Yangdong Wang ◽  
Hengfu Yin ◽  
Ming Gao ◽  
Qiyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Consensus Sequence ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Industrial Oil ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Pathogen Response ◽  
Lrr Domain

Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) make up the largest group of RLKs in plants and play important roles in many key biological processes such as pathogen response and signal transduction. To date, most studies on LRR-RLKs have been conducted on model plants. Here, we identified 236 and 230LRR-RLKsin two industrial oil-producing trees:Vernicia fordiiandVernicia montana, respectively. Sequence alignment analyses showed that the homology of the RLK domain (23.81%) was greater than that of the LRR domain (9.51%) among theVf/VmLRR-RLKs. The conserved motif of the LRR domain inVf/VmLRR-RLKsmatched well the known plant LRR consensus sequence but differed at the third last amino acid (W or L). Phylogenetic analysis revealed thatVf/VmLRR-RLKswere grouped into 16 subclades. We characterized the expression profiles ofVf/VmLRR-RLKsin various tissue types including root, leaf, petal, and kernel. Further investigation revealed thatVf/VmLRR-RLKorthologous genes mainly showed similar expression patterns in response to tree wilt disease, except 4 pairs ofVf/VmLRR-RLKsthat showed opposite expression trends. These results represent an extensive evaluation ofLRR-RLKsin two industrial oil trees and will be useful for further functional studies on these proteins.

Characterization of the Binding Affinity of Siglec-1 to gp120, gp145, and V2 Loop via Sialic Acid Binding Motif

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
pp. A119-A120
Author(s):  
Hung V. Trinh ◽  
Ousman Jobe ◽  
Guofen Gao ◽  
Carl R. Alving ◽  
Venigalla Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
Sialic Acid Binding

scholarly journals Characterization of the Sialic Acid Binding Activity of Influenza A Viruses Using Soluble Variants of the H7 and H9 Hemagglutinins

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e89529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Kathrin Sauer ◽  
Chi-Hui Liang ◽  
Jürgen Stech ◽  
Ben Peeters ◽  
Pascale Quéré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Influenza A Viruses ◽  
Sialic Acid Binding

scholarly journals Characterization of the Community Structure of a Dechlorinating Mixed Culture and Comparisons of Gene Expression in Planktonic and Biofloc-Associated “Dehalococcoides” and Methanospirillum Species

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (21) ◽  
pp. 6709-6719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette R. Rowe ◽  
Brendan J. Lazar ◽  
Robert M. Morris ◽  
Ruth E. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Hydrogenase Gene

ABSTRACT This study sought to characterize bacterial and archaeal populations in a perchloroethene- and butyrate-fed enrichment culture containing hydrogen-consuming “Dehalococcoides ethenogenes” strain 195 and a Methanospirillum hungatei strain. Phylogenetic characterization of this microbial community was done via 16S rRNA gene clone library and gradient gel electrophoresis analyses. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to quantify populations of “Dehalococcoides” and Archaea and to examine the colocalization of these two groups within culture bioflocs. A technique for enrichment of planktonic and biofloc-associated biomass was developed and used to assess differences in population distribution and gene expression patterns following provision of substrate. On a per-milliliter-of-culture basis, most D. ethenogenes genes (the hydrogenase gene hupL; the highly expressed gene for an oxidoreductase of unknown function, fdhA; the RNA polymerase subunit gene rpoB; and the 16S rRNA gene) showed no statistical difference in expression between planktonic and biofloc enrichments at either time point studied (1 to 2 and 6 h postfeeding). Normalization of transcripts to ribosome (16S rRNA) levels supported that planktonic and biofloc-associated D. ethenogenes had similar gene expression profiles, with one notable exception; planktonic D. ethenogenes showed higher expression of tceA relative to biofloc-associated cells at 6 h postfeeding. These trends were compared to those for the hydrogen-consuming methanogen in the culture, M. hungatei. The vast majority of M. hungatei cells, ribosomes (16S rRNA), and transcripts of the hydrogenase gene mvrD and the housekeeping gene rpoE were observed in the biofloc enrichments. This suggests that, unlike the comparable activity of D. ethenogenes from both enrichments, planktonic M. hungatei is responsible for only a small fraction of the hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in this culture.

Gene expression profiling in bladder cancer to identify potential therapeutic targets.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4518-4518
Author(s):  
Syed A. Hussain ◽  
Daniel H. Palmer ◽  
Wing Kin Syn ◽  
Joseph J Sacco ◽  
Bryony Lloyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Hierarchical Clustering ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Invasive Cancer ◽  
Classical Complement Pathway ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Muscle Invasive

4518 Background: Characterization of gene expression patterns in bladder cancer (BC) allows the identification of pathways involved in its pathogenesis, and may stimulate the development of novel therapies targeting these pathways. Methods: Between 2004 and 2005, cystoscopic bladder biopsies were obtained from 19 patients and 11 controls. These were subjected to whole transcript-based microarray analysis. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was used to identify samples with similar expression profiles. Results: Hierarchical clustering defined signatures, which differentiated between cancer and normal, muscle-invasive or non-muscle invasive cancer and normal, g1 and g3. Pathways associated with cell cycle and proliferations were markedly upregulated in muscle-invasive and grade 3 cancers. Genes associated with the classical complement pathway were downregulated in non-muscle invasive cancer. Osteopontin was markedly overexpressed in invasive cancer as compared to normal tissue. Conclusions: This study contributes to a growing body of work on gene expression signatures in BC. The data support an important role for osteopontin in BC, and identify several pathways worthy of further investigation. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Characterization of the Sialic Acid-binding Site in Sialoadhesin by Site-directed Mutagenesis

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (16) ◽  
pp. 9267-9272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Vinson ◽  
P. Anton van der Merwe ◽  
Sørge Kelm ◽  
Andy May ◽  
E. Yvonne Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Sialic Acid Binding

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of NDL1-AGB1 Mediated Salt Stress Signaling: Further Exploration of the Role of NDL1 Interacting Partners

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2261
Author(s):  
Nidhi Gupta ◽  
Abhishek Kanojia ◽  
Arpana Katiyar ◽  
Yashwanti Mudgil
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Salt Stress Response

Salt stress is considered to be the most severe abiotic stress. High soil salinity leads to osmotic and ionic toxicity, resulting in reduced plant growth and crop production. The role of G-proteins during salt stresses is well established. AGB1, a G-protein subunit, not only plays an important role during regulation of Na+ fluxes in roots, but is also involved in the translocation of Na+ from roots to shoots. N-Myc Downregulated like 1 (NDL1) is an interacting partner of G protein βγ subunits and C-4 domain of RGS1 in Arabidopsis. Our recent in-planta expression analysis of NDL1 reported changes in patterns during salt stress. Based on these expression profiles, we have carried out functional characterization of the AGB1-NDL1 module during salinity stress. Using various available mutant and overexpression lines of NDL1 and AGB1, we found that NDL1 acts as a negative regulator during salt stress response at the seedling stage, an opposite response to that of AGB1. On the other hand, during the germination phase of the plant, this role is reversed, indicating developmental and tissue specific regulation. To elucidate the mechanism of the AGB1-NDL1 module, we investigated the possible role of the three NDL1 stress specific interactors, namely ANNAT1, SLT1, and IDH-V, using yeast as a model. The present study revealed that NDL1 acts as a modulator of salt stress response, wherein it can have both positive as well as negative functions during salinity stress. Our findings suggest that the NDL1 mediated stress response depends on its developmental stage-specific expression patterns as well as the differential presence and interaction of the stress-specific interactors.

scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization of WRKY gene family in Helianthus annuus L. and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Yang ◽  
Juanjuan Li ◽  
Faisal Islam ◽  
Luyang Hu ◽  
Jiansu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses

Abstract Background: WRKY transcription factors play important roles in various physiological processes and stress responses in flowering plants. However, the information about WRKY genes in Helianthus annuus L. (common sunflower) is limited. Results: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified and renamed according to their locations on chromosomes. Further phylogenetic analyses classified them into four main groups including a species-specific WKKY group and HaWRKY genes within same group or subgroup generally showed similar exon-intron structures and motif compositions. The tandem and segmental duplication possibly contributed to the diversity and expansion of HaWRKY gene families. Synteny analyses of sunflower WRKY genes provided deep insight to the evolution of HaWRKY genes. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses of HaWRKY genes displayed distinct expression patterns in different plant tissues, as well as under various abiotic and biotic stresses. Conclusions: Ninety WRKY (HaWRKY) genes were identified from H. annuus L. and classified into four groups. Structures of HaWRKY proteins and their evolutionary characteristics were also investigated. The characterization of HaWRKY genes and their expression profiles under biotic and abiotic stresses in this study provide a foundation for further functional analyses of these genes. Therefore, these functional genes related to increasing the plant tolerance or improving the crop quality, could be applied for the crop improvement..

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of bHLH Transcription Factors Related to Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Red Walnut (Juglans regia L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Yonghui Liu ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Haijun Meng ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Regulatory Elements

Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are transcription factors (TFs) that have been shown to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in many plant species. However, the bHLH gene family in walnut (Juglans regia L.) has not yet been reported. In this study, 102 bHLH genes were identified in the walnut genome and were classified into 15 subfamilies according to sequence similarity and phylogenetic relationships. The gene structure, conserved domains, and chromosome location of the genes were analyzed by bioinformatic methods. Gene duplication analyses revealed that 42 JrbHLHs were involved in the expansion of the walnut bHLH gene family. We also characterized cis-regulatory elements of these genes and performed Gene Ontology enrichment analysis of gene functions, and examined protein-protein interactions. Four candidate genes (JrEGL1a, JrEGL1b, JrbHLHA1, and JrbHLHA2) were found to have high homology to genes encoding bHLH TFs involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in other plants. RNA sequencing revealed tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression profiles and distinct expression patterns of JrbHLHs according to phenotype (red vs. green leaves) and developmental stage in red walnut hybrid progeny, which were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. All four of the candidate JrbHLH proteins localized to the nucleus, consistent with a TF function. These results provide a basis for the functional characterization of bHLH genes and investigations on the molecular mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in red walnut.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of 19 predicted Myb-family DNA binding proteins in Magnaporthe oryzae concerning growth, conidiation, and pathogenicity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Li ◽  
Xiuxia Zheng ◽  
Mengtian Pei ◽  
Mengting Chen ◽  
Shengnan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Dna Binding ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Dna Binding Proteins ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Different Levels

Genes encoding for proteins containing the DNA binding Myb domain have been suggested to be important in regulating development and stress response in eukaryotes, including fungi. Magnaporthe oryzae (teleomorph Pyricularia oryzae) is considered the most destructive pathogen of rice. We screen the M. oryzae genome for all genes encoding proteins containing Myb domains since these genes could be essential during pathogenesis. We found 19 genes Myb1-19. Only a few have previously been investigated, and only one has proven to be involved in pathogenesis. We tried to delete the other 18 genes and succeeded with all except 6, five of which could be essential. RT-qPCR showed that all 19 genes are expressed during pathogenesis, although at different levels and with different expression profiles. To our surprise, only deletions of the genes encoding proteins MoMyb2, MoMyb13, and MoMyb15 showed growth, conidiation, and infection phenotypes, indicating that they are essential on their own during infection. This lack of phenotypes for the other mutants surprised us, and we extended the analysis to look for expression co-regulation and found 5 co-regulated groups of predicted proteins with Myb-domains. We point to likely compensatory regulations of the other Myb-family genes hiding the effect of many deletions. Further studies of the Myb-family genes are thus of interest since revealing the functions of these genes with a possible effect on pathogenicity since these could be targets for future measures to control M. oryzae in rice.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document